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About "Huanxisha" Urgent! ! ! ! ! !

Explanation of Cipai

[Question] Book of the Southern Tang Dynasty: "Wang Ganhua is good at singing, his voice is melodious, his voice is clear and refreshing, and his music is the color of the song board." Emperor Yuanzong tried to compose two poems for "Huanxisha", which were handwritten and inspired. 』This Huanxi Shayi tune was created in the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasties. The so-called "breaking through the sands of Huanxi" means breaking one sentence into two sentences based on the original tone structure and adding seven characters to form a cross. Later generations became famous for the couplet of Li Jing's head, Xiaoyu, and Xiaolou, so it was named Huanxisha in the Southern Tang Dynasty. The word "Tiaosha" in this text should be used as yarn; or if it is also called Huansha River, it should be used as yarn. However, it has been along for a long time and cannot be tested. This tune is also known as Shanhuazi.

[Method] It is originally called a forty-eight-character poem, just like a seven-character poem, but the jaw couplet and the tail couplet are each missing four characters. The first and second sentences are the first two sentences of the seven-character poem. The third sentence is also the same as the third sentence of the seven-character poem. The fourth sentence has only three words, with two words on top and one word on the bottom. It is the fourth sentence of an incomplete seven-character poem. The syntax of the second half of the first two sentences is no different from the neck couplet of a seven-character poem. The third sentence is also the same as the seventh sentence of the seven-character poem, and the syntax of the last three characters is actually the same as the last three characters of the Qiqi seven-character poem. According to the example of subtracting characters in the poem, this adjustment can also be called a seven-character poem with subtracted characters.

Original text

Huanxisha

Yan Shu

A new song with a glass of wine,

The weather last year was the same as the pavilion ,

When will the sunset return?

The flowers fell helplessly,

The familiar swallow returned,

The fragrant path in the small garden wandered alone.

About the author

Yan Shu (991-1055), named Tongshu, was born in Linchuan (now part of Jiangxi). He was able to write at the age of seven. At the age of fourteen, he was called a child prodigy and was awarded the title of Jinshi. From Qingli Zhongguan to Jixian Hall, he was a bachelor, Tongzhongshu's subordinate Pingzhangshi and Shu's secret envoy. Fan Zhongyan, Han Qi, Ouyang Xiu and other famous officials all came from his sect. His posthumous title was Yuan Xian. He lived a wealthy and well-traveled life, and most of his poems were composed on the dancing pavilion and singing stage, in front of flowers and under the moonlight. His writing style was leisurely and graceful, his reasoning was profound, his music was harmonious and his words were elegant, and he was a senior figure in the world of poetry at that time. The two sentences in "Huanxisha", "Nothing can be said about the flowers falling, it seems like the swallows are returning" are widely recited. The original collection has been lost, and only "Zhuyu Ci" and "Yan Yuanxian's Posthumous Documents" compiled by the Qing Dynasty remain. He also compiled the Lei Yao (Lei Yao), a fragment of which remains today.

Notes

[1] "Last year" sentence: Tang Dynasty poet Deng Gu's poem "Sorrows with a Friend in Autumn" poem "The singing of flowing water will never come back, the weather is the same as last year" tower".

[2] Fragrant path: a path in the garden.

Translation

Listen to a song composed with new words and drink a glass of wine. The weather and the old pavilions are still there at this time last year. But the sun is setting in front of me, and I don’t know when it will come back again.

With no choice, the spring flowers are falling. The swallows that I seemed to have seen last year have now flown back to their old nests. (I couldn't help myself) I wandered melancholy on the path covered with fallen flowers in the small garden.

Origin of Ci Pai

"Huanxisha" was the name of the church during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and was later used as Ci Tiao. Sand, one is used as "yarn". There are two types of words: miscellaneous words and Qiyan. Among the poems written by people of the Tang and Five Dynasties, those found in Dunhuang tunes are all in miscellaneous words; in the two collections "Flower Room" and "Zunqian", most of them are in unified words, but there are also miscellaneous words. By the Northern Song Dynasty, the miscellaneous words were called "Pan Po Huan Xisha" (the seven characters were broken into crosses and became seven words and three words and two sentences); the Qi Yan was still called "Huan Xisha" (or "Huan Xisha" with the reduced word "Huan Xisha").

Introduction to Huanxi Sha

Huanxi Sha is the name of the Tang Dynasty Jiaofang song. It is also called "Huanxi Sha" or "Huansha Creek" because Xishi Huansha was placed in Ruoye River. There are three seven-character sentences in the upper and lower pieces. Forty-two words. Divided into two equal parts. The plain rhyme style has been passed down to this day. The earliest one is the Tang Dynasty Han Ci, which is the orthodox style. All three sentences in the first part are in rhyme, and the last two sentences in the second part are in rhyme. Most of the two sentences in the film use dual sentences. Oblique rhyme style began with Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty. There is also "Breaking Through the Huanxi Sands", also known as "Shanhuazi", with three characters added to the upper and lower parts respectively, but the rhyme remains unchanged.

This tune has bright syllables, neat sentence structure, and is easy to pronounce. It is commonly used by both graceful and bold poets.

There are more than 20 synonyms such as "Xiaotinghua" and "Huanxisha".

Huanxi Sha (forty-two characters, sand may be used as yarn, or as Huansha Creek)

廄仄平平仄廄平,

平平仄仄仄 mediocre.

Ping Ping Ping Ping.

Ping Ping Ping Ping.

(The first two sentences at the end of the sentence often use antithesis.

)

Cipai format

Huanxisha has forty-two characters in double tune. The first part has three lines with three flat rhymes, and the second part has three lines with two flat rhymes, Han Xie

Hangover and Sorrow Slow bun and maidservant (rhyme)

Can be flat and flat, can be flat and rhyme

Six baht clothes are thin and make people feel cold (rhyme)

Can be flat and flat, and can be flat and rhyme< /p>

The dull red and dull green cover the green luan (rhyme)

The plain rhyme can be flat and flat

The stockings and golden lotus (sentence)

It can be flat, it can be flat, it can be flat

The snow skin is still jade Langgan (rhyme)

It can be flat, it can be flat and the rhyme

The bones are fragrant and the waist is thinner and heavier. Tan (rhyme)

Ke Ping Ping Chi Ping Ping Rhyme

Works by famous artists

[Edit this paragraph] 1. Huanxisha-(Song Dynasty) Su Shi

Jujube flowers are rustling on clothes and towels, and the sound of milling wheels is heard in the south and north of the village. Niuyi Guliu sells cucumbers ③.

When you are tired and sleepy after a long journey, you are still thirsty and longing for tea. Knock on the door and ask the savages ④.

Translation Clothes and scarves rustled in the wind, and date flowers fell with the wind. The sounds of suppression vehicles could be heard from the north and south ends of the village. Farmers in simple clothes were selling cucumbers. It was a long journey, and as I was drunk, I just wanted to take a nap. The sun was shining brightly, and I was helplessly thirsty. So I knocked on the door of a villager's house and asked if I could give him a bowl of tea.

Such words will make people feel real and friendly, and they can smell the atmosphere of rural life at that time. This poem is different from the previous poem. It mainly writes about the fragmentary feelings of the author during the journey. Its focus is not to reflect the poverty in rural areas. Since the rain came after the disaster and the drought was lifted, the author's joy was much stronger than before.

This poem pays attention to the refinement of words and sentences without revealing any traces. For example, some critics believe that placing these two words at the beginning of a sentence is "syntactic inversion". In fact, the author's purpose is to emphasize the sound of "zaohua" falling on "clothes and towels", and it is consistent with the meaning of "syntactic inversion". Requirements, rather than writing down the form. It is precisely because these two words are placed at the "beginning of the sentence" that the author knows that the jujube flower has fallen on him from the sound of "rustling". In addition, the words "luo", "xiang", "man" and "knock" are also used flexibly and appropriately.

[Edit this paragraph] 2. Huanxi Sha 1-Su Shi

Visit Qishui ① Qingquan Temple, the temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows west.

At the foot of the mountain, orchid buds dip into the stream, and the sandy road among the pines is clear of mud②. Xiaoxiao Mu Yuzigui cries ③. Who said there is no less in life? The flowing water in front of the door can still flow to the west④! Stop singing yellow chicken with white hair⑤.

『Translation』

Go to Qingquan Temple in Qishui County. The temple is next to Lanxi River, which flows to the west.

At the foot of the mountain, young orchid shoots dip into the stream, and the paths among the pine forests are clear of sand and mud. In the evening drizzle, cuckoos chirp. Who says you can never stay young again when you are old? The water running in front of the door can still run to the west! Don’t worry about your gray hair and lament the passage of time.

Notes

①Qishui, the name of the county, is now Xishui County, Hubei Province. At that time, I traveled with the doctor Pang Anshi (also known as Anchang), and I found "Shu Qingquan Temple Ci" in the third volume of "Dongpo's Inscriptions and Postscripts".

② Bai Juyi's "Luobin on March 3rd": "The sandy road is moist and has no mud."

③ Xiaoxiao Mu Yu, Bai Juyi's "Send to Yin Xielu Poems" self-note: "The lyrics of Wu Erniang's song in the south of the Yangtze River, Xiaoxiao Mu Yulang does not return." Xiaoxiao: Describes the sound of rain. Zigui: Cuckoo.

④This sentence should be realistic. But "in front of the door" and so on, there are also origins. "Old Book of Tang" Volume 19 "The Biography of Yi Xing" by Fang Ji said that there was an old monk in Guoji Temple in Tiantai Mountain who was a master of accounting. He said: "The water in front of the door is flowing to the west, and the disciples are also coming." The group went in to ask for help. , but the fruits in front of the door flow westward."

⑤ Bai Juyi's "Drunken Song": "Who knows how to make you not understand the song, listen to the yellow chicken and the day. The yellow rooster crows to remind you of the dawn, and it disappears in the daytime to remind you of the new year. The red ribbon around the waist is not yet stable, and the beauty in the mirror has been lost." The meaning is used here, which means don't hurt yourself with gray hair and lament about aging. Gray hair: old age. Singing Yellow Chicken: lamenting the passage of time.

Appreciation

This poem was written in the spring of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082). At that time, Su Shi was demoted to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of the "Wutai Poetry Case". It was a major blow to Su Shi's political career. However, this poem shows an optimistic spirit in the face of adversity. The top line describes the natural scenery. The first two sentences describe the early spring, when the orchid grass begins to grow by the stream. The side path is clean and free of mud, and it is a lively scene. However, it ends with the sad cry of cuckoos in the evening rain, reminding pedestrians to "go back", giving the scenery a somewhat sad color. Qian Que changed his pen and no longer fell into the melancholy brought about by Zigui's cry. Instead, he revived his pen. As the saying goes, "Flowers will bloom again, and no one will be young again." The passage of time is like water flowing eastward. There is no way to save it. However, there are always surprises in the world. "The water flowing in front of the door can still go west." It is worth recalling. The first volume of "Ci Jie" said: "Po Gong has a high rhyme, so his simple words are also extraordinary. "The whole poem is filled with an upward attitude towards life, but the cry of Zigui at the end of the sentence faintly reflects the poet's situation, and also highlights the preciousness of the optimistic attitude in the poem.

[Edit this paragraph] 3. Huanxisha (Song Dynasty)-Su Shi

On December 24, the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Uncle Liu Qian traveled from Sizhou to Nanshan 1

The drizzle and the slanting wind make it slightly cold. Light smoke and sparse willows make the beach beautiful. Entering Huai and Qingluo is a long journey 2.

Snow foam and milk flowers floating on the midday lamp 3,

Polygonum antler and artemisia bamboo shoots try the spring dish 4. The taste of the world is pure joy.

Notes

1. Sizhou, present-day Si County, Anhui Province. Uncle Liu Qian, whose life is unknown. Nanshan, namely Duliang Mountain, is not far from Sizhou.

2. Qingluo refers to Luojian, which is now Luohe River in Anhui Province. It originates from Hefei, Anhui Province, flows north to Huaiyuan and joins the Huaihe River. Sizhou is on the north bank of the Huaihe River. It's long and the water is vast.

3. Snow foam milk flower, the white foam that rises when making tea. In ancient times, the best tea was made with bright white milky color and fine foam. Su Shi's "Moon over the Xijiang River" (longbao's best product this year): "The soup is plump and white, and the floating milk is light and round."

4. Polygonum: the sprouts of Polygonum. Artemisia shoots, lettuce shoots. Spring plate has been a custom since the Tang Dynasty. On the first day of spring, spring cakes, lettuce, etc. are served on a plate and given as gifts to relatives and friends, called spring plate. The day when the poem was written was not far from the beginning of spring, so I "try it out" first. Appreciate this as a travel poem. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan Province). On his way to his post, he stayed in Sizhou for a while. This poem was composed during this period when he and his friends were visiting Nanshan near Sizhou. Write. The last film describes the scenery seen in Nanshan: the slightly cold weather is deliberately "made" by the "drizzle and slanting wind". The weather is clearing up, and the smoke and willows on the beach seem to be "fascinating" intentionally. In front of me, entering Huaiqingluo, it is also as if Gradually, the vastness becomes endless. The unintentional scenery, in the eyes of those who care about it, seems to be full of affection. The next part is about taking a break at noon and making tea and having a picnic. The milky white tea is accompanied by fresh wild vegetables, which has a unique flavor. The main theme of the whole poem finally falls on the word "Qing Huan", which shows the author's appreciation of the mood of life. The entire poem is written in an elegant style, and you can feel the author's elegant and tranquil state of mind. It is precisely because of this state of mind that you can taste the unique sentiment of life.

[Edit this paragraph] 4. Huanxi Sha-Bunzi

It’s time to comb the lazy spring, the evening breeze is falling in the courtyard, the plum blossoms are falling, and the light clouds are coming and going, the moon is sparse,

The jade duck incense burner is leisurely and auspicious, the red cherry tent covers the tassels, and the rhinoceros is also used to relieve the cold.

Annotate "Hua Cao Cui Bian" as "lazy". "Poems of Celebrities of All Dynasties" is written as "annoyed". Jade duck incense burner: a jade (or white porcelain) duck-shaped incense burner for lighting incense. Smokers come in various shapes, including unicorn, lion, duck, etc.; the materials are also gold, brass, brass, iron, jade, porcelain, etc. Ruinao: the name of a spice. Zhuying Douzhang: Douzhang, a tent shaped like a bucket. Tassel: refers to the drooping tassels of the tent, usually made of five-color feathers or colored threads. Yi rhino: rhinoceros, refers to the horn of rhinoceros. It should be the mistake of "tong". To appreciate this poem, it should be regarded as Li Qingzhao's work when he was young. The author used the artistic technique of line drawing to draw two light and elegant pictures: one is an outdoor picture of "a young woman's love for spring at night", and the other is an indoor "picture of a young lady pregnant with someone at night". Different feelings are expressed through typical images that are basically the same, thus forming their own unique artistic conception. The two pictures set off each other, complement each other, are full of wit and highlight the purpose of the poem.

[Edit this paragraph] 5. Huanxisha-Li Qingzhao

The embroidered lotus smiles. The tilted duck is lined with fragrant gills. Only when the eyes are moved are people guessed.

One side is full of charm and charm, and the other side is full of tenderness and hatred. The moon moves and the shadows of the flowers come back again.

Notes

Embroidered face: Before the Tang and Song Dynasties, women had decorative patterns on their foreheads and cheeks.

Hibiscus: Lotus, here means very beautiful.

Fei: "Snuggle" in "Poems of All Dynasties" Baoya: Refers to the crow-shaped pattern on the two cheeks, which can be seen in the Dunhuang mural paintings of women who are donors, or it may refer to the shape of the hairpin head being duck-shaped. Baochai, hairpin, an ornament on the head of ancient women.

Fragrant cheeks: Beautiful and fragrant cheeks.

One side: the whole face.

Style: the love between men and women.

Rhyme: Peugeot.

Jian: paper, refers to letter paper and poetry paper. Appreciation of this word should be regarded as Yi An's early work. It describes the scene of a charming woman having a tryst with her sweetheart and then writing a letter to meet him again. The portrait description of characters adopts the methods of comparison, foil and side description. The language is lively and natural, and the style is cheerful and handsome.

[Edit this paragraph] 6. Huanxisha (Song Dynasty) - Li Qingzhao

According to Mo Xu, the deep amber in the cup melts before becoming intoxicated, and the sparse clock has responded to the late wind.

The incense of Ruinao dispels the soul and dreams, and the golden bun is used to ward off the cold. The sky is red with candles when I wake up.

Comments

Mo Xu: No.

Amber: A fossil formed by the resin of pine and cypress accumulated underground for hundreds of millions of years. It is brown or reddish brown in color. Amber is strong, which means the color of the wine is very strong, like amber. Sparse bells: intermittent bells.

Rui Nao: The name of an incense, also called borneol, which is borneol.

Soul dream: the dream soul, which refers to the mind of the sleeping person. Preventing cold gold: Ren Fang's "Shu Yi Ji": "During the Three Kingdoms period, Kunming paid tribute to the golden bird Wei Su. It was a sparrow-like bird with a yellow color. It often soared over the sea and spit out gold as light as millet. In winter, this bird was afraid of frost and snow. Emperor Wei built a greenhouse to treat it, which he called the "Bihan Terrace". Therefore, the gold he spit out was called "Bihan Gold".

"The poet then used Bihanjin to refer to precious fine gold, "Pihanjin is small", which means that the fine gold headdress is small. "Yuefu Yaci" wrote "broken", which is wrong.

Hairpin: Two hairstyles for women in ancient times.

Candleflower: The knot of embers when the candle is burning. Appreciation of this word is probably written by Li Qingzhao when he was young. He wrote about the mistress who came to drink wine at night and woke up from a dream. Loneliness implies infinite emotions of separation. The young woman's heavy sadness is highlighted from the side through the comparison between the dream and the dream. p>

[Edit this paragraph] 7. Huanxisha - Li Qingzhao

The spring is deep in the empty window of the small courtyard, the heavy curtains are not rolled up, and the shadows are heavy, and there is no words to listen to the Yaoqin while leaning on the building.

Far from the mountain, it is dusk, and the gentle wind and rain make it light and overcast.

Comments

Xian Window: The original word "jian window" covers the word "xian". Wrong. A window with a guardrail. Xian window means quiet and leisurely.

Shen Shen means that the boudoir is dark and has heavy shadows.

Li Yaoqin: Li, regulating and setting the tone, generally refers to playing the harp. Yao harp: jade, beautiful harp.

Yuanxiu: distant mountains.

Dusk: dusk. >

Xifeng: Breeze.

Qingyin: The lightness of darkness. Appreciation of this word belongs to Li Qingzhao's works. The author uses the artistic technique of blending scenes and implicit writing to write about women. The master's sadness and nostalgia for spring complement each other. The word "Nong" is beautifully crafted to create an animated scene of wind, rain and rolling clouds. , expressing the lonely state of mind of the hostess Zimin

[Edit this paragraph] 8. Huanxi Sha - Li Yu

The red sun is already three feet high, and the golden furnace is adding fragrance to the beast. , The red brocade lichen wrinkles with every step.

The beauty dances with golden hairpins, and smells the flower stamens when she is drunk.

Comments

< p> Red sun, another version is called "curtain sun". Three feet is through, and three feet is an imaginary number. It refers to the height at which the sun rises.

Through: through.

Golden furnace , don't be a "beautiful woman". The golden furnace is a copper incense burner.

Order: in order.

Incense beast: animal-shaped fuel made of spices and charcoal chips.

Lichen: Carpet.

Beauty: Refers to the palace maid.

When dancing, don’t do "dance urgently", "dance thoroughly", dance "dance". Dance according to the music Dance a tune to the beat of the song.

Liu: slip.

Jiu evil (e three times), don’t call it "Jiu Wo". It is also called "Zhongjiu", which refers to wine. When you are slightly drunk, pick it up from time to time, don't say "Shizhan" or "Shijiang". Pick it often.

Stamen: here refers to the flower.

Sniff: smell. < /p>

Other halls: Palaces other than the main hall where the emperor lives.

Xiaogu: Xiaohegu. Generally refers to musical instruments.

[Edit this paragraph] 9. Huanxi Sha -Yan Shu

A new song and a glass of wine, the weather is the same as last year. When does the sun set?

There is no choice but the flowers fall away, and the familiar swallow returns. The fragrant path in the small garden wanders alone.

Translation

Listen to a song composed with new words and drink a glass of wine. The weather and the old pavilions are still there at this time last year. But the sun is setting in front of me, and I don’t know when it will come back again.

With no choice, the spring flowers are falling. The swallows that I seemed to have seen last year have now flown back to their old nests. (I couldn't help myself) I wandered melancholy on the path covered with fallen flowers in the small garden.

Appreciation

Although this word has the meaning of regretting the spring, it is actually an expression of emotion. The upper part of the poem combines the present and the past, overlays time and space, and reflects on the past; the lower part cleverly uses the foreground to emphasize the sentimentality of today. The language of the whole word is round and fluent, popular and clear, clear and natural, with profound meaning, enlightening and thought-provoking. The deep thoughts about the universe and life in the words give people philosophical enlightenment and beautiful artistic enjoyment. It starts with the sentence "A new song with a glass of wine, the weather last year is the same as the pavilion." It describes the current situation of drinking and listening to the song. From the intricate sentence patterns and the brisk and fluent tone, we can feel that when the poet faced the current situation, he initially had relaxed and joyful feelings and a free and easy attitude. But while listening and drinking, this situation unexpectedly triggered the recollection of a similar state experienced "last year": it was the same late spring weather as this year, and we faced the same pavilions and pavilions as before us. Clear songs and fine wine. However, under the appearance that everything remains the same, it is clear that something has undergone irreversible changes. This is the long passing years and a series of personnel events related to it. So the poet couldn't help but sigh from the bottom of his heart: "When will the sunset return to the west?" The sunset is in the foreground. But what the poet triggered by this was his nostalgia for beautiful scenery and love affairs, his regret at the passage of time, and his faint hope for the recurrence of beautiful things. This is an instant feeling, but what is felt is actually not limited to the immediate situation, but extends to the entire life, which not only contains perceptual activities, but also contains some kind of philosophical contemplation.

There is no way to stop the setting sun. We can only hope that it will rise again in the east. However, the passage of time and changes in personnel can never be repeated. "The flowers have fallen helplessly, and the swallows have returned, as if they had known each other before." The couplet is clever and clear, fluent and implicit. The use of empty characters to form a neat counterpoint, and the expressiveness of the sigh show the poet's ingenuity and affection, which is also the reason why this poem is famous. But what is more interesting is the intention contained in this couplet. The withering of flowers, the passing of spring, and the passage of time are all irresistible natural laws. Although it is useless to linger on regrets, so I say "there is nothing you can do". This sentence is connected with "the sunset"; however, in this late spring atmosphere, I feel that It is not just the helpless decline and disappearance, but also the gratifying reappearance. Isn’t the swallow returning gracefully like an old acquaintance who nested here last year? This sentence should be "when will you return". Although flowers falling and swallows returning are also in the foreground, once they are associated with "helpless" and "déjà vu", their connotations become very broad, their artistic conception is very profound, and they have the symbolic meaning of beautiful things. The intertwining of regret and relief contains a certain philosophy of life: all good things that are bound to disappear cannot be prevented from disappearing, but when they disappear, there are still good things reappearing, and life will not become nothingness because of their disappearance. It's just that this kind of reappearance is not the same as the intact reappearance of beautiful things. It is just "deja vu". The fundamental reason why this word is so popular and widely recited is that there is thought in love. The words seem to be unintentionally describing commonplace phenomena, but they have philosophical implications, inspiring people to think about the universe and life issues from a higher level. The poem involves the profound and broad idea that time is eternal but life is limited, but it is very implicit.