Ten Extremely Cold Places: Russian Antarctic Scientific Research Station

For friends in the south, it may be that they can't stand the zero-degree cold. In fact, compared with extremely cold places, it is really nine Niu Yi hairs. It's normal to have tens of degrees below zero in winter here. Then this issue of urban culture will be analyzed for you.

brief introduction

Dongfang Station is the nearest research station to the South Pole, with an altitude of 3,400 meters. It was built by the former Soviet Union 1.957 and now belongs to Russia. It is located at 78 degrees 28 minutes south latitude and 65,438 degrees 48 minutes east longitude, near the South Pole Magnetic Point, and it is the coldest place on earth. Belongs to the polar climate.

World cold pole

The oxygen content in the air here is very low, which is equivalent to the oxygen content in the air of 5600 meters high in other continents. Dongfang Station is almost the coldest place in Antarctica and the coldest place in the world.

August is the highest in Leng Yue, and the average temperature is as low as -68℃. On July 2 1, 65438, 0983, the extreme minimum temperature was -89.2℃, which was called the Antarctic "cold pole". February is the hottest in 65438+,with an average temperature of -3 1℃ and an extreme maximum temperature of-12℃(65438+20021October). The annual average temperature is -55℃, which is the highest in the world.

Glaciologists have drilled the deepest borehole in the world, with a depth of 2,600 meters (planned to reach 3,700 meters); Because of the cold climate and strong wind, it is called the inaccessible area of Antarctica. The station generally has about 30 staff members, mainly engaged in the research of geophysics, upper atmospheric physics, meteorology, environmentalism and glaciology.

Antarctica is so cold that the snow in most areas here never melts, but it turns into ice when splashed with water. In cold weather, crawler tractors sometimes fail to run normally, and it is difficult to transport fuel and related equipment to Dongfang Station. In order to save money and other considerations, researchers have temporarily closed the Oriental Station three times.

Dongfang lake

Lake Vostok is the largest subglacial lake in Antarctica, with more than 140 water bodies and the largest subglacial lake in the world. It is located at 77 65,438+005 E south latitude and 65,438+0500 kilometers away from the Antarctic coastline.

Dongfang lake

1994, at the International Antarctic Scientific Research Council, Russian glaciologists declared in their papers that there was a huge oriental lake buried under the ice sheet of the East Inland Station in Antarctica. Dongfang Station shocked the world, which is an exciting and important discovery of Antarctic exploration for decades. If this incredible anecdote really exists, it will change many traditional theories in glaciology, and will certainly promote the in-depth and development of the study of ancient environment and environmental evolution, and its scientific significance is far-reaching.

Dongfang Lake has been sealed for more than 500,000 years under more than 4,000 meters of ice. It is about 250 kilometers long and 50 kilometers wide. It is divided into two parts by a mountain ridge, with a water depth of 800 meters in the south and 400 meters in the north, with a total area of 15690 square kilometers. As big as Lake Baikal in Siberia, it is the largest, deepest and most isolated lake in Antarctica 150. So far, human footprints have never been there. This is an unpolluted lake with the most scientific research value on earth. Oriental Lake is extremely rich in oxygen, keeping the record of the world's coldest temperature of -89.2 degrees Celsius, and there is no similar environment anywhere else in the world.