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How can I raise orchids well
Question 2: How to raise orchids How to raise orchids is the best flowering method 1. Potted soil requirements: It is best to use neutral acidic soil with much humus, loose and good drainage, and the ph value is generally around 5.5 to 6.5. In Sichuan, Emei Fairy Earth and "Hong Xing Brand" are often used to refine orchid plants, and it is more common to cultivate orchids with "bamboo root mud" and humus soil under humid leaf forests in mountainous areas.
2. Location: Orchids can be cultivated outdoors and on balconies in spring, summer and autumn. It is required to choose a place with good ventilation, moist air and no environmental pollution. It's good to be near the pond and the river. At least trees or bamboo forests should be used and sunscreen should be installed to reduce sunlight and temperature. It is best to put the basin on a wooden frame (or steel frame). If the floor is to be bricked, the balcony at home can also be bricked on a small tin can to increase the humidity.
3, proper shading: orchids are mostly semi-shaded plants, and most varieties are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shading. Orchids can be opened in the first half of April to get more sunshine and promote their growth. In May, in addition to the sunshine at noon, it can also be basked for 6 hours; It has been cloudy all day since June. After 10, except Zhongyang, it can be fully opened for maintenance. Remember this proverb: "leafy shade is good, and more sunshine is good."
4. Rational fertilization: orchids are vegetarian, and fertilization depends on the selected pot soil and growth. Fertilization can be applied to those who grow luxuriantly and have no diseases, and fertilization or a small amount of fertilization is not suitable for those who grow poorly. A new orchid with incomplete roots needs 1-2 years to be fertilized. Generally, in June and July, when the orchid leaves and buds are about 1.5 cm long, the decomposed liquid fertilizer is applied once every three weeks (the appropriate concentration is about 10%). Don't use chemical fertilizer. If it is not suitable for high temperature season, dilute fertilizer should be applied every two to three weeks from August to September. Orchids should be fertilized at night and watered in the morning, which is called "backwater".
5. Proper watering: Rainwater and spring water are better for orchids, and tap water or rice washing water is watered after fermentation. When you pour it, pour it from the edge of the basin, not into the bud. The amount of watering should be determined according to the temperature, the degree of dryness and wetness of the basin soil and the growth of bluegrass. Most of the leaves are watered, and the thin leaves are watered less. From April to May, the new buds haven't grown soil yet, so the soil in the basin should be dry, and the new buds will rot easily if they are too wet. June-September is the growth period of orchid buds, so it is necessary to increase the amount of watering. Water once every morning in sunny days, and it is forbidden to water in the hot sun at noon. To reduce water consumption in autumn, foliar water spraying can be used to keep the basin soil moist, and water consumption can be controlled to keep "80% dry and 20% wet" in winter.
6. Spraying in the evening: orchids grow in a humid air environment, so in the dry season, in addition to shading, they must be sprayed in the evening to increase the air humidity and lower the temperature; You can also water the orchid floor (desktop), and "one cold and one hot" can stimulate the growth of orchids.
7, wind and rain: "February ghost wind" is a normal phenomenon, you can cut off dead branches and broken leaves. Orchids can rain lightly, but avoid mildew rain, heavy rain or continuous rain, otherwise the heart and leaves will rot easily. A small amount of plant ash can be appropriately sprinkled in rainy season.
8. Pruning and picking flowers: In orchid cultivation, you should always cut off dead leaves, broken leaves and diseased leaves. To promote ventilation. For rare orchids, if there are too many flower buds, only strong buds are left, and it is appropriate to have 1-2 flower buds per pot. Chunlan should be picked after half a month of flowering, and rare orchids should be picked after 7 days. The leaf buds in spring thrive and create the beauty of the next year. The last flower of the preface to Sharon was cut 3 cm away from the surface of the basin one week after flowering.
9. Cold and warm: orchids have different cold resistance due to different varieties, different places of origin, so the time to enter the house in winter and the location of indoor display are also different. Hanlan, Qiu Lan and Winter jasmine grow in the south. When the temperature is 5℃, they should enter the room (or close the windows and fences) and try to put them in the sunny place in the south. But in spring and Xia Lan, it has strong cold resistance, and it can only be put indoors at 0℃ and placed in the northeast. Around noon on a windless sunny day, open the window to the south or southeast, and pull the net for ventilation. Qiu Lan is not allowed to open windows on sunny days of 1-2℃. Of course, if there is a greenhouse, you can use electro-optic heating.
10, Disease prevention and insect control: Pot soil should be disinfected (or exposed to the sun) to prevent diseases. Orchids are most prone to white silk disease in rainy and high temperature seasons, and a small amount can be brushed off with wet cloth. The basin volume can be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or Tobuzine 500-800 times, once every 7- 10 day. Scale insects (commonly known as "blue lice") are the most common pests. During the incubation period, 1% omethoate and 1000 times 25% thiophosphate emulsifiable concentrate were sprayed once a week. It is advisable to treat both the symptoms and the root causes, and the pots and pans should be sparse to increase ventilation and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
Question 3: How to raise orchids to bloom easily? Orchid is a delicate flower. If you don't take good care of water, fertilizer, soil, temperature and light, you can't raise it well.
One: water is watering. Orchids like cool and wet, but wet means that the soil is kept wet and should not be watered too much. When the climate is dry, it is advisable to use a fine-hole watering can to pour the leaves and pot soil until it is slightly wet, and it must not be poured too much to let the roots of flowers accumulate water. When the weather is dry in summer, spray water on the leaves, preferably 2-3 times a day. In winter, if you don't see that the soil is too dry, you don't need to water it. But it should not be too dry in spring, summer and autumn.
Two: fertilizer, orchids like fertilizer, but they can't stand too much fertilizer. If inorganic fertilizer (chemical fertilizer) is used, it should be diluted and not watered too much. Rice is stored in rice washing water 1 day and then applied (pour the soil into the basin, not the leaves), and the amount of fertilizer is enough. 1-2 days later, it is more suitable to soak the peeled apple peel and core in water to water the flowers, because this water fertilizer is not concentrated, contains a variety of nutrients and has a certain acidity, which is suitable for orchids' appetite.
Third, the soil, that is, the soil for cultivating orchids, should be loose soil with sufficient humus or self-made acidic sandy nutrient soil. Acidic soil with PH value of 5-6.5.
Four: temperature, that is, pay attention to the appropriate temperature of orchids. Orchids like cold and avoid sultry weather, but they are intolerant because they are native to the south.
Frozen, so pay attention to ventilation in summer or put it in a cool and ventilated environment, put it in a warm place to avoid the wind in winter, and move indoors in winter to avoid frostbite.
Five: light, that is, sunshine. Orchids like shade and are not suitable for basking in the sun. If possible, on sunny days in spring, autumn and winter, move them to the sun for 2-3 hours, from 8: 00 am to 10. Sunbathing for half an hour around 8 am in summer is good for orchids.
It is particularly noteworthy that orchids are most afraid of soot, and they will die when smoked. Pay special attention to moving orchids indoors in winter.
Question 4: How to feed orchids? Three-point planting and seven-point cultivation are the experience of ancient people in cultivating orchids. The quality of conservation is related to whether orchids flourish or not, so it is reasonable for predecessors to attach great importance to this. The following details the maintenance and management methods of orchids.
I. Place
The location of orchids is very important, which directly affects their growth and development. Orchids are generally placed in the open field in spring, summer and autumn (in the open shade in summer) and indoors in winter. It is best to be outdoors in an open and humid place. There should be enough light indoors, preferably facing south. In this way, it is beneficial to orchid growth. It's best to put the basin on a wooden frame or table, not on the ground.
Second, shading
Orchids are mostly semi-negative plants, and most varieties are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shade. Orchids can get more sunshine in the first half of April to promote their growth. Appropriate shade should be provided after the end of April. Erect leaf varieties from Xia Lan and Qiu Lan are best placed in the cool south to get more sunshine. Qiu Lan and Chunlan with drooping leaves should be exposed to the sun for two hours every day. Shade early every day from June to September. If a reed curtain is used, a dense curtain or two-layer thin curtain can be used. After 10, the weather turns cold and the sunshine is weak, so the shading of vegetables can be postponed, but attention should still be paid to shading around noon.
Third, rain protection.
Orchids can rain lightly, but we should avoid mildew rain, showers or even rainy days. In the rainy season, it is particularly necessary to do a good job of rain protection. From late June to mid-September, showers are frequent. If it rains for a short time and the rainfall is small, water it more at night to discharge the hot air in the basin, otherwise it will damage the orchid and even rot its roots and die. If the sun shines after the rain, it should be shaded in time to avoid the influence of the rising heat on the growth of orchids.
The rainy season is the stage when orchids grow leaves. If the pot soil is too warm, it will lead to bad growth of leaves or cause diseases. At this time, a small amount of plant ash can be sprinkled to adjust the humidity of the basin soil.
Fourth, water.
The flower proverb says: dry orchids wet chrysanthemums, which has some truth. Generally speaking, orchids are best to be eight points dry and two points wet. If it is too wet, it is easy to make flowers rot and die. The principle of watering should be: water when it is dry, stop when it is wet, and dry when it is suitable. When mastering the details, it is generally necessary to pay attention to watering more during the growing period (the end of May-June), watering less during the germination period (about March-April) and flowering period (about March-April), and watering less or not during the dormant period (winter). If the flowerpot is big and the orchid plant is small, water less; if the potted plant is big, water more. Water more when the climate is hot and dry, and less or no water when it is cold and humid (such as rainy season). If the roots of orchids newly dug from the mountains are sparse or broken, they should be watered less to make the soil dry, so as to avoid root rot and be conducive to pumping new leaves.
As the ancients said, the experience that autumn is dry and winter is not wet well summarizes how Chunlan and Xia Lan are watered. But in some areas in the north, orchids are not too dry because the climate is too dry in winter and early spring.
Watering time: it is advisable to water orchid leaves after sunset in summer and autumn, so that they can be dried before nightfall, or watered in the morning; It is best to water before and after sunrise in winter and spring. It is not allowed to irrigate with cold water suddenly after the sun burns, so as not to lower the soil temperature, affect the water absorption of roots and interfere with the physiological balance. The amount of watering should not be too large to inhibit the occurrence of diseases.
Watering method: water should be poured from the pot, not into the bud, so as not to cause rot.
The predecessors had great experience in watering orchids. For example, Zhao Yu put forward different watering methods according to the 24 solar terms in the Dumen Lanyi Ji, and the excerpts are as follows for your reference. However, we should pay attention to two points: first, Dumen Lanyi is based on the climate of Beijing; Second, the month in the article refers to the lunar calendar rather than the Gregorian calendar. For example, the first month is actually February in the Gregorian calendar.
1, beginning of spring, it rains, Chunlan has flowers, the soil should not be too dry, and it is slightly wet along the basin; Don't water the Qiu Lan Basin if it hasn't been dried to the end.
2, Jing Zhe, when the Chunlan basin is half dry (above the ground), it can be watered and wet, but it should not be too much. Qiu Lan is the same as before.
3, the vernal equinox, Chunlan has faded, avoid dampness, and moisten the basin when it is half dry.
4, Qingming, Grain Rain, don't let the pot soil be too dry, water it every five days.
5, long summer, LAN began to leave home, should be watered once.
6, Xiaoman, the pot soil can not be too dry and too wet, the spots on the leaves are too wet, and the dead tips of the new buds are too dry. Water one liter (about dry teacups) every four days to make the soil moist from bottom to top.
7, mango, dry climate, be careful not to be too wet is more appropriate.
8. During summer solstice, the soil in the basin should not be too dry ... >>
Question 5: How to raise orchids to grow well? Orchids are wet-loving, afraid of waterlogging and drought-tolerant. It is best to put it in a cool and ventilated place indoors and water it thoroughly after drying. Leaves can often be sprayed with water. It is best to add some nutrient solution or spray some potassium dihydrogen phosphate when watering with fat water. Go to the flower shop to buy a bottle of nutrient solution for orchids and a stone soil for orchids.
Question 6: How to raise orchids indoors? Three-point planting and seven-point cultivation are the experience of ancient people in cultivating orchids.
I. Place
The location of orchids is very important, which directly affects their growth and development. Orchids are generally placed in the open field in spring, summer and autumn (in the open shade in summer) and indoors in winter. It is best to be outdoors in an open and humid place. There should be enough light indoors, preferably facing south. In this way, it is beneficial to orchid growth.
Second, shading
Orchids are mostly semi-negative plants, and most varieties are afraid of direct sunlight and need proper shade. Orchids can get more sunshine in the first half of April to promote their growth. Appropriate shade should be provided after the end of April.
Third, rain protection.
Orchids can rain lightly, but we should avoid mildew rain, showers or even rainy days. In the rainy season, it is particularly necessary to do a good job of rain protection. From late June to mid-September, showers are frequent. If it rains for a short time and the rainfall is small, water it more at night to discharge the hot air in the basin, otherwise it will damage the orchid and even rot its roots and die. If the sun shines after the rain, it should be shaded in time to avoid the influence of the rising heat on the growth of orchids.
The rainy season is the stage when orchids grow leaves. If the pot soil is too warm, it will lead to bad growth of leaves or cause diseases. At this time, a small amount of plant ash can be sprinkled to adjust the humidity of the basin soil.
Fourth, water.
Generally speaking, orchids are best to be eight points dry and two points wet. If it is too wet, it is easy to make flowers rot and die. The principle of watering should be: water when it is dry, stop when it is wet, and dry when it is suitable. When mastering the details, it is generally necessary to pay attention to watering more during the growing period (the end of May-June), watering less during the germination period (about March-April) and flowering period (about March-April), and watering less or not during the dormant period (winter). If the flowerpot is big and the orchid plant is small, water less; if the potted plant is big, water more. Water more when the climate is hot and dry, and less or no water when it is cold and humid (such as rainy season). If the roots of orchids newly dug from the mountains are sparse or broken, they should be watered less to make the soil dry, so as to avoid root rot and be conducive to pumping new leaves.
As the ancients said, the experience that autumn is dry and winter is not wet well summarizes how Chunlan and Xia Lan are watered. But in some areas in the north, orchids are not too dry because the climate is too dry in winter and early spring.
Watering time: it is advisable to water orchid leaves after sunset in summer and autumn, so that they can be dried before nightfall, or watered in the morning; It is best to water before and after sunrise in winter and spring. It is not allowed to irrigate with cold water suddenly after the sun burns, so as not to lower the soil temperature, affect the water absorption of roots and interfere with the physiological balance. The amount of watering should not be too large to inhibit the occurrence of diseases.
Watering method: water should be poured from the pot, not into the bud, so as not to cause rot.
V. Fertilization
Fertilization of orchids depends on their growth. Fertilization can be applied to those who are flourishing and disease-free, and no fertilization or a small amount of fertilization can be applied to those who are not growing well. Don't use chemical fertilizer until the new roots of orchids dug from the mountains grow. They need to be cultivated for 1-2 years, and they can only be fertilized when the new roots are vigorous, otherwise they will die easily.
Generally speaking, in June and July, when the bud length of orchid leaves is about 1.5cm, 1-2 times of dilute decomposed liquid fertilizer can be applied (chemical fertilizer is not suitable), but it is not suitable for fertilization in high temperature season. Apply 1-2 times of decomposed dilute liquid fertilizer from August to September. Orchids planted in the heart can be smeared 1-2 times with plant ash leaching solution, and the effect is very good. It is best to apply fertilizer at night and water it again the next morning.
A simpler way to distinguish whether orchids need fertilization is to look at the shade of leaves. Yellow and thin leaves are lack of fertilizer and should be topdressing; Fertilization should be stopped because of excessive fertilization, black leaves and scorched tips.
Fertilizer can be made by the above methods. When applying these fertilizers, it is necessary to add 8-9 times of water for dilution, and it must not be too thick. When fertilizing, it should be applied to the rhizosphere of plants, and never to the leaves.
Sixth, pruning
Orchid cultivation should be pruned continuously. When the old leaves turn yellow, they should be cut off in time to facilitate ventilation, and the dry tips of some leaves should also be cut off. In particular, leaves damaged by pests and diseases need to be removed in time to avoid infection. When cutting off infected leaves, don't cut off diseased leaves with scissors to prevent virus infection. If the same scissors are used, they need to be disinfected.
Seven, prevent colds
Qiu Lan should do a good job of cold protection in advance. If the temperature is 2-3℃, you can move indoors. Orchids in cold regions grow in the south and need to be protected from cold in advance. In spring and Xia Lan, the cold resistance is strong. If it is frozen, it should be moved indoors in time. The room temperature can be kept at 65438 0-2℃ for wintering. In case of severe cold current attack, when the room temperature drops below zero, it needs to be heated in time, and the general room can be guaranteed ... >>
Question 7: How can orchids be cultivated to blossom? Hello: the question you asked is not understandable in a few words. I suggest you go to China Orchid Network to see the column of breeding experience. You will understand.
Question 8: How can we raise the roots of orchids, prepare suitable planting materials, dry them thoroughly and water them thoroughly, so as to give orchids a suitable growth environment.
Question 9: How to raise the roots of orchids to be healthy? When you change an orchid, you have already decided whether it will grow well or not in the future.
This sentence was said by Wang, a famous mage in Taiwan Province. I didn't understand what he meant at first, but then I thought about it slowly and thought it was a good sentence. There are the following points to note:
1. When you take the orchid out of the flowerpot, please carefully observe the condition of the orchid roots. If there are many small black pinholes in the roots of orchids, it means that orchids are infected with nematodes. In addition, if the crystal head has been chewed, it means that the pests and roots caused by small cockroaches ... are seriously rotted, which means that the victim's bacteria are infected. So this orchid is sick. If nematicide or sterilization is not prescribed before planting. Orchid diseases can only make orchids grow healthily after thorough insecticidal sterilization, otherwise, untreated diseased orchids will naturally affect the growth of new buds because their roots have been infected by insect germs and have not been well absorbed by watering and fertilization, so sometimes the buds will naturally not grow.
2. The pots and materials planted should conform to the local climatic conditions.
The temperature and humidity of the environment affect the pots and materials of orchid planting, which is a bit like people wearing clothes. In hot weather, they should wear thinner clothes, and in cold weather, they should wear thicker clothes. Therefore, in places where the temperature is high, they should use small plastic pots, and the materials should be loose, breathable and moist, so that when it is hot, the water vapor in the pots will expand, the air circulation will be better, and the roots will not rot easily. However, these methods are not good if they are in the natural environment in cold areas. First of all, when the weather is cold and freezing, the plastic basin wall is very thin, and the orchid root is attached to the inner wall, so the orchid root is easily injured by freezing. In addition, the material is large, and cold air is easy to enter the basin, causing freezing and damaging the orchid root. Therefore, large pottery pots should be used in low temperature areas, and the materials should be fine, so that the orchid roots can be protected at low temperature. Look at the orchids of Zhu Chunyuan's predecessors. Orchids are still growing well, and the flowers are not frozen to death, which shows that the pots and materials planted are right, so the local climate conditions must be considered when planting orchids, which is why the pots and materials for raising orchids are different in every place. 3. Planting materials should be clean and free of nematodes or harmful bacteria.
One day, I watched TV and reported that the professional origin of Taiwan lily was in Alishan. The local mountain is high and the temperature is low, which is suitable for lily growth, and the production cost can be greatly reduced without forcing flowers. But the biggest trouble is that there are nematodes in the local soil, and sometimes flowers infected by nematodes will die in a large area. Later, a machine for generating steam was invented, and the steam was turned over and poured into the soil to kill nematodes, so many soils and organic substances contained nematodes. If you plant orchids directly without treatment, the roots of orchids will be infected with nematodes, and it is not good to plant them without flowers. Therefore, before planting orchids, orchid friends in mainland China will use organic materials to expose themselves to the sun, boil them in water, and use pesticides to kill insects and sterilize them. This is a very correct approach. (1) Apply more thin fertilizer:
Every orchid friend knows how thin fertilizer should be applied, but there is no conclusion. It depends on the environment, orchid species and fertilization methods. The proportion and time of each fertilization should be recorded. One year later, when changing pots, it is necessary to observe whether the roots of orchids are white and whether the crystal parts of root tips are black. If black indicates that fertilization is too heavy and the growing point is necrotic, it is necessary to reduce the fertilization multiple. For example, Damoran is good at using Condor as a foundation. Wang applied 6000 -7000 times of Huabao every 7- 10 days, but I often doubted whether such a thin fertilizer was effective, so I increased the composition to 3000 times. After one year, changing the growth point of the root tip will stop the growth of the root, and the function of absorbing water and fertilizer will of course be affected, so the multiple of fertilization is still weak, so the pot should be changed every year. (two) according to the management of orchids in the lunar calendar, regular fertilization, pest control and sterilization.
Ancient people were very clever and knew when plants should germinate, grow, blossom and bear fruit. Therefore, different crops can be planted at different times to obtain the best growth effect. Crops will naturally harvest, and so will orchids. It is best to observe when orchids germinate, grow, bear fruit and bloom, and plant them separately at the most suitable time. Of course, fertilization or insecticidal sterilization should be carried out when fertilizing. (Please refer to Wang's Experience Collection of Planting Orchids in Damoran Solar Term 1. Why kill them regularly? > & gt
Question 10: How can I raise orchids well? After selection, all orchids should be put in flowerpots. Orchids are fleshy roots, and the drainage performance on the basin must be good. Humic soil or mountain soil (commonly known as "blue mud"-flowers can be bought in flower shops for family cultivation) should be selected, and the pH value is 5.5-6.5. This kind of orchid mud can also be selected from the mountains, and humus soil can be dug on sandstone and volcanic rocks, or acid culture soil can be prepared by itself. The soil brought from the mountain must be screened out of impurities such as grass roots and stones. It is best to use mud that has been piled for 1-2 years. Before use, it needs to be exposed to the sun for sterilization, and then put it in the shade for later use.
Generally, the time for releasing pots (or turning pots) is March-April in spring or10-165438+10 in autumn. A flowerpot with a small mouth, a deep pot and a big bottom hole is better. Newly dug Shan Ye seedlings need to be planted in earthen pots (clay pots), so that the orchid mud is easy to dry, well ventilated and easy to take root; After 2- 3 years, the purple sand basin or porcelain basin can be replaced. The planting method of orchids (potted plants) is different from ordinary flowers, especially famous orchids, and the roots must be washed when the pots are turned over and moved. Methods Immerse the roots in clean water and gently clean them with an old toothbrush or brush. Don't hurt the roots too hard. Cut off the residual leaves, yellow leaves, broken roots and black rotten roots with scissors, and be careful not to hurt the buds. Then put the treated plants in a cool and ventilated place to dry, and then plant them in a pot when the roots are white and wrinkled and soft.
Drainage at the bottom of the basin is also very particular. Clay pots are filled with broken tiles, and purple sand pots must be covered with perforated nylon wires. Before planting, spread coarse stones in the basin, accounting for about 2/5 of the depth of the basin. The coarse stone culture soil is 3-5cm thick, and then bluegrass is added. Pay attention to the root of the basin to spread itself, not to curl. When planting famous bluegrass, we must put the old grass aside and the new grass in the middle, so that there is room for new grass. When planting, hold bluegrass in your left hand, add mud in your right hand (to prevent mud from infiltrating into the leaf core), and then lift bluegrass slightly to make the roots stretch naturally. Then shake the basin while adding soil, so that the soil is in close contact with the roots. Then press the soil around the stem by hand, and finally let the basin surface steam slightly (that is, slightly lower around the middle). Spread a layer of moss or fine stones on it, so that the basin soil is not easy to harden and can reduce water evaporation. Water the basin immediately after serving. Water it thoroughly for the first time. Finally, put the blue flowerpot in the shade. One month is not suitable for direct sunshine, so we should control the water. It shouldn't be too wet. In the future, the place where the orchid pots are placed should be declared in the semi-cloudy and semi-sunny place, which is ventilated and sunny in the morning.
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