How to treat nephritis in children?

The symptoms of nephritis in children are more obvious, and some children will suffer from nephritis. Parents should pay attention to the symptoms of nephritis in their children. Some factors tend to aggravate nephritis, so we should pay more attention to this aspect at ordinary times. The following is what I prepared for you, I hope you like it!

Etiology of nephritis in children

Nephritis in children generally refers to glomerulonephritis, which is a diffuse non-suppurative disease of both kidneys. Most of them occur in school-age children, and the most common is 6-9 years old. Often secondary to bacterial or viral infection in the upper respiratory tract, but the onset of nephritis is not inflammation caused by direct damage to the kidney by bacteria or viruses, but a series of autoimmune reactions caused by pathogens invading the human body, causing kidney damage and causing disease.

Children suffering from nephritis mostly belong to acute nephritis. Acute nephritis often occurs in wet and changeable seasons. It occurs after sore throat or upper respiratory tract infection 1~2 weeks, and it is also easy to occur when children have facial diseases and purulent facial infections. At present, it is considered to be closely related to hemolytic streptococcus infection, but it can also cause other bacterial and viral infections.

Symptoms of nephritis in children

Precursor infections such as acute tonsillitis and facial pustulosis often occur 1-4 weeks before onset. At first, there were symptoms such as low fever, cough, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue and weakness. Hematuria and edema are the characteristics of diagnosis of this disease.

At the initial stage of the disease, the child's urine volume is obviously reduced, edema is aggravated, shortness of breath, heart rate is accelerated, and he is agitated. Then his condition can deteriorate rapidly, and he has difficulty breathing, can't lie flat, his face is pale, his limbs are cold, he coughs frequently, and his sputum is pink foam-like, suggesting that the child has heart failure. If the child has severe dizziness, nausea, vomiting and transient blindness at the beginning of the disease, severe convulsions and coma are all manifestations of hypertensive encephalopathy. Some serious cases have acute renal failure in the early stage.

Edema is the most obvious symptom of children's nephropathy: edema often appears first, starting from the face and eyelids and gradually spreading to the whole body and simple nephropathy. The acupressure panel is depressed, and in severe cases, serous cavity is involved, resulting in pleural effusion, ascites, hydrocele of tunica vaginalis and scrotum edema, which may lead to dyspnea, diarrhea or vomiting.

Edema recurs and occasionally subsides on its own. The edema of nephritis nephropathy is not as obvious as that of simple nephropathy, and it can be extremely light or even imperceptible. Hypoalbuminemia leads to malnutrition and hypoplasia, which is characterized by disgraceful hair, dry face, occasional scratches and ulcers, pale fingers and toes, pale face, pale lips, white fur, fatigue, inactivity, indifference and easy infection.

Western medical therapy

1. Antibiotic therapy

Inject 55438+ 100000 u/kg penicillin every day, and inject it into muscle twice; Or 50- 100mg/L cefotaxime was dripped twice.

be diuretic

Oral hydrochlorothiazide, three times a day, daily oral 1-2 mg/kg.

bring down the blood pressure

Reserpine was injected intramuscularly every day at a dose of 0.07 mg/kg; Or oral reserpine, three times a day, the amount is 0.02mg/kg. If the child has hypertensive encephalopathy, it needs to be combined with other drugs. For example, if 5 mg of sodium nitroxide is dissolved in 5% 100 ml glucose solution, the speed can be adjusted according to the child's blood pressure within one to five minutes, or 50% magnesium sulfate 0. 1 ml/kg is injected intramuscularly.

Chinese traditional treatment

1. Acute phase

*** 1*** The child suffers from geomantic omen: edema will appear at the eyelids and then slowly spread to the whole body. Children will have bad wind, cough and decreased urine output. The child's urine will be turbid and even hematuria will appear. The child's tongue is red, the tongue coating will be white and the pulse will be tight or floating.

Treatment: moistening lung and promoting diuresis.

Prescription: Ephedra 3g, Gypsum Fibrosum 20g * * * need to be fried first * * *, Plantago Seed 10g * *, Alisma orientalis 10g, Radix Isatidis 15g, Scutellariae Radix 10g, Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae10g, and Rhizoma Typhonii.

***2*** Wet-heat soaking in children with nephritis: the child's limbs and trunk are swollen, thirsty and very agitated. The child feels chest tightness, abdominal distension, sore poison on the panel, headache and heavy body. The child's urine is turbid, like washing broth. The child's tongue is red, with yellow coating and slippery pulse.

Treatment: clearing away heat, promoting diuresis and expelling toxin.

Prescription: almond 10g, raw coix seed 15g, cardamom seed 6g, talc 10g*** * to be fried * * *, medulla tetrapanacis 3g, magnolia officinalis 6g, Pinellia ternata 6g, phellodendron amurense 6g, Cirsium japonicum 6g, each with 10g.

* * * 3 * * The child's heart and lungs are affected by moisture: the child's limbs and trunk will swell, cough, shortness of breath, irritability, and he can't lie flat. The child's lips will turn purple, his nails will turn white, his tongue coating will turn white, and his pulse will be weak.

Treatment: dispersing lung and promoting diuresis, warming and tonifying yang.

Prescription: Herba Ephedrae 3g, Radix Platycodi 6g, Rhizoma Alismatis 10g, Radix Aconiti Lateralis 10g * * * need to be decocted first * *, Ramulus Cinnamomi 6g, Asari 1g, Radix Pseudostellariae 10g, Radix Acanthopanacis Senticosi 10g, and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae/kloc. Chinese patent medicine: Black Anchor Dan.

***4*** The child is trapped in his heart: the child will feel dizzy and nauseous, can't see clearly, and is very upset; If the situation is serious, the child will have convulsions and coma. The child's tongue is red, the tongue is yellow, and the pulse is string.

Treatment: benefiting liver and calming wind, promoting diuresis and inducing resuscitation.

Prescription: antelope horn powder 1.5g*** needs to be taken orally * * *, Uncaria rhynchophylla and Inula * * * need to be decocted in water * * *, ochre, Scutellaria baicalensis 10g, Radix Gentianae, Alismatis Rhizoma and Plantaginis need to be decocted in water * * *, Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Radix Rehmanniae respectively. Chinese patent medicine: Su Hexiang Pill.

2. Recovery period

* * *1* * The child has a weak temper: the child feels tired, yellow, sweaty, unresponsive, bad stool, pale tongue with white fur and slow pulse.

Treatment: Yiqi Jianpi.

Prescription: Ginseng 10g, Astragalus 15g, Atractylodes macrocephala 10g, Poria 10g, Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata 3g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 10g, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae 6g, Cimicifugae 6g and Bupleuri 6g. Chinese patent medicine: Buzhong Yiqi Pill.

* * * 2 * * Children's kidney yin deficiency: children are dizzy, weak, and feel backache, palms and soles will be hot, body heat and night sweats, red tongue, decreased or falling tongue coating, and rapid pulse.

Treatment: nourishing yin and tonifying kidney.

Prescription: Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Crataegi, Rhizoma Alismatis, Cortex Moutan, Poria, Herba Cirsii Cirsii, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Eclipta prostrata each 10g, Rhizoma Dioscoreae 12g, and Rhizoma Imperatae 15g. Chinese patent medicines: Liuwei Dihuang Pill and Baizhi Dihuang Pill.

How to care for children with nephritis?

Parents must be distressed and anxious when their children get nephritis, and the recovery of this disease is not a fast process, which requires long-term patient conditioning and care for the children. What should we pay attention to in our daily life?

1, keep warm. Don't let your child catch a cold. A cold can aggravate the illness and even cause recurrence.

Children should not eat salty food. Pay attention to less salt in the diet, which is very important for children whose blood pressure has not dropped to normal. However, food without salt will affect appetite, so a low-salt diet should be adopted. After the edema and hypertension disappear, we can improve the ordinary diet, but it should be light and not too salty. Steamed bread and soda cookies also contain sodium, so it is best not to give them to children. Children can eat some fresh vegetables and fruits to supplement vitamins.

3, children should not be too tired, parents should pay special attention to arrange their children's work and rest time, and try to let their children get enough rest.

4. Children's clothes should not be worn for a long time. Infection is often the cause of recurrence of nephropathy. Taking a bath and changing clothes frequently and keeping the panel clean can prevent the panel from being infected.

5, it is not appropriate to reduce or stop the drug casually. To treat kidney diseases, most of them need to take hormone drugs. Under the guidance of a doctor, children who take hormones must gradually reduce the dose as their condition improves until they stop taking drugs. Parents should urge their children to take medicine on time and in quantity, and must not reduce or stop taking medicine at will, so as not to cause repeated illness.