The winter climate is cold, how to protect the delicate lungs?

As the old saying goes, "lungs are delicate and dirty, they like moistening and dryness, and they are afraid of cold and heat", which means that lungs are the most delicate organs of the human body, and a warm climate is most suitable for respiratory health, while a cold and hot climate is not conducive to respiratory health. Once you feel cold, wind-heat is also manifested in the lungs, with symptoms such as fever, cough and asthma.

The cold and dry climate in winter can easily induce the acute attack or aggravation of chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic bronchitis, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Director Yue Pengcheng of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of our hospital reminded the general public and patients with chronic respiratory diseases to pay special attention to nourishing the lungs in winter.

To raise lungs in winter, we must first have proper daily life. Go to bed early, get up late, go out late and return early, and wear a mask when going out in foggy weather. Aerobic exercises such as jogging and Tai Ji Chuan, as well as abdominal breathing training (stretching your arms, expanding your chest as much as possible, and then breathing with your abdomen) and lip-shrinking breathing (hissing) can increase your vital capacity and strengthen your lung function, which is especially beneficial to the recovery of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;

Secondly, the diet should be "three highs and four lows". "Three highs" are high in protein, vitamins and cellulose. It is advisable to eat more high-protein foods, such as lean meat, bean products, fish and mushrooms, vegetables, fruits, beans, milk, black fungus and other foods containing more vitamins, as well as high-fiber foods such as coarse grains. "Four lows" refers to foods with low cholesterol, low fat, low sugar and low salt. Such as autumn pears, lilies, radishes, black sesame seeds, soybean milk, tofu, walnuts, pine nuts and other foods, as well as moderate drinking water, all have the function of nourishing and moistening the lungs.

Third, pay attention to personal hygiene, do not spit everywhere, cover your nose and mouth with paper towels when sneezing and coughing, wash your hands before and after meals, and open the window for ventilation from 2 pm to 4 pm every day when the indoor temperature is the highest.

Fourth, pay attention to the prevention of colds, regularly inject the CDC with influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine, and seldom go to gathering places during the high-incidence season of influenza. You must pay attention to rest after catching a cold, and you must see a doctor if your cough is short of breath, especially for patients with elevated body temperature.

Fifth, regular physical examination. People over the age of 45 who smoke for a long time and are exposed to indoor and outdoor pollution should go to the hospital for lung function examination once every six months and chest DR or low-dose CT examination once a year.

Pulmonary function examination

Pulmonary function examination is one of the necessary examinations for respiratory diseases, which plays an important role in early detection of lung and airway diseases, evaluation of the severity and prognosis of diseases, evaluation of the efficacy of drugs or other treatment methods, identification of the causes of dyspnea, diagnosis of lesion sites, evaluation of lung function tolerance to surgery or labor intensity, and monitoring of critically ill patients.

Children who need lung function examination:

1. Repeated coughing or wheezing;

2. Cough lasts for more than 2-3 weeks, and antibiotic treatment is ineffective;

3. Repeated "cold" develops to the lower respiratory tract for more than 10 days;

4. Assessment of childhood asthma;

5. Acute cough, hoarseness and dyspnea;

6. Early identification of acute bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma in infants;

7. Other respiratory diseases.

Manifestations of respiratory diseases in pulmonary function examination;

1. Obstructive lesion: refers to the change of airflow obstruction caused by various factors, especially asthma.

2. Restrictive lesions: refers to the changes of reduced lung ventilation caused by limited lung breathing movement, such as emphysema, pleurisy, hydropneumothorax, etc., all of which have different degrees of reduced lung ventilation.

3. Mixed lesions: refer to both obstructive lesions and restrictive lesions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and children's late asthma, pneumoconiosis and bronchopneumonia.

Lung function test method:

1. Keep breathing through your mouth, because your nose is stuck.

2. Cover your mouth as tightly as possible to ensure no air leakage during the test.

3. Try to cooperate with the operator's password and exhale and inhale immediately.

Inhale as much as possible, and then exhale with the greatest strength and the fastest speed.