The full text of the ancient text "The Battle of Red Cliff" must be complete.

Original text

At the beginning, Lu Su heard about Liu Biao's death and said to Sun Quan: "Jingzhou is adjacent to the country, the country is dangerous, the country is fertile and the fields are thousands of miles away, and the soldiers and people are rich. If we take possession of it, this will be It is the capital of the emperor. Now that Liu Biao has died, his two sons are not in harmony, and the generals in the army are all in conflict with each other. If the heart is the same from top to bottom, then it is better to appease him and make an alliance with him; if there is any disagreement, it is better to do something else in order to help with the big things. Su Qing was ordered to pay tribute to his two sons, comfort them who are serving in the army, and to prepare envoys to appease them. Show everyone, work with one heart and one mind to govern Cao Cao, and you will be happy and obey his orders. If you restrain harmony, the world will be settled. If you don't go quickly, you may be the first to send Su. When they arrived at Xiakou, they heard that Cao had already headed towards Jingzhou. They traveled both morning and night to Nanjun, and Cong had already surrendered. Bei went south, and Sujing met him. He met Bei at Changban in Dangyang. Su announced his authority, discussed the situation in the world, and expressed his sincerity. He also asked Bei: "Where do you want to go to Yuzhou now?" Bei said: "I have an old relationship with Wu Ju, the prefect of Cangwu, and I want to join him." Su said: "Sun Tuolu is smart and benevolent, respects the virtuous and courteous people, and the heroes of the river are willing to join him. He has occupied six counties and has many soldiers and grains, which is enough to establish an army. Now it is your plan. It is better to send your heart and soul to the east to make peace with you. **Ji Shiye. But if you want to join Wu Ju, he is a mortal and lives in a remote county. It is not enough to be conquered by others. "I am very pleased! Su also said to Zhuge Liang, "I am a friend of Ziyu." Ziyu, Liang's brother Jinye, avoided the chaos in Jiangdong and became a long history of Sun Quan. As a backup plan, move to Fanlikou in E County.

Cao Cao was heading east along the Yangtze River from Jiangling. Zhuge Liang said to Liu Bei, "The situation is urgent. Please ask for help from General Sun." So he and Lu Su went to Sun Quan. Liang saw Quan in Chaisang, and said to Quan: "There was great chaos in the sea, and the general raised troops east of the Yangtze River. Liu Yuzhou gathered all the Hannan people to compete with Cao Cao for the world. Today, Cao Cao's great disaster of the barbarians has been calmed down, so he defeated Jingzhou. It is powerful all over the world. There is no place for heroes, so Yuzhou has fled here. I hope the general will deal with it according to his ability! If the Wu and Yue people can compete with China, it is better to defeat them early; if not, why not put up the troops and march to the north? Let's do it! Now the general is asking for obedience but has hesitation in his heart. The situation is urgent and will lead to disaster! " Quan said: "If you follow your words, why can't Liu Yuzhou do it?" Liang said: " Tian Heng, a strong man in Qi, still upholds his righteousness and does not disgrace him; moreover, Liu Yuzhou's royal family is extremely talented and admired by all the people. If things don't go well, it's God's fault. An Neng can do it again. "Huh!" Quan Boran said: "I can't take the whole land of Wu, and a hundred thousand people are controlled by others. I have decided! No one but Liu Yuzhou can be Cao Cao. But after Yuzhou's new defeat, how can he resist this difficulty?" Liang said: "Although the Yuzhou army was defeated at Changban, there are still ten thousand soldiers in Guan Yu's navy, and there are no less than ten thousand soldiers in Liu Qi and Jiangxia. Cao Cao's troops came from afar and dispersed. When they heard that they were chasing Yuzhou, they had a hundred light cavalry." Traveling more than three hundred miles in one night, this is what is called "the final force of a strong crossbow cannot penetrate Lu Zhen", so it is taboo in the art of war, saying "the general must be defeated". Moreover, people in the north are not used to water warfare; and the people of Jingzhou are attached to it. If Cao Cao's army is defeated, it is impossible to be convinced. Now the general can command tens of thousands of strong generals and cooperate with Yuzhou to defeat Cao Cao's army. If Cao Cao's army is defeated, it will return to the north. The power is strong and the tripod is formed. The chance of success or failure lies in today!" Quan Dayue and his subordinates planned it.

At that time, Cao Cao's posthumous power letter said: "I have recently sent out a message to attack the criminals. Jing Hui points south, and Liu Cong restrains his hands. Now he is controlling the navy of 800,000 people, and he will join the general to hunt in Wu." Quan Yi said. Showing the crowd, everyone was shocked and pale. Zhang Zhao and others said: "Cao Gong is a jackal and a tiger. He takes the emperor to conquer the four directions and uses the imperial court as a excuse. If he refuses today, things will be even worse. And the one who can resist the general is the Yangtze River. Now he has conquered Jingzhou. At the end of the day, Liu Biao was in charge of the naval force, and the mengchong battleships were numbered in the thousands. They were floating along the river, and they also had infantry, both on land and water. This was because the danger of the Yangtze River was against us, and the power was too small. It’s unreasonable to say that it’s better to accept the plan than to accept it.” Lu Su said nothing. Quan got up to change his clothes and Su chased Yuxia. Quan knew what he meant, held Su's hand and said, "What do you want to say?" Su said, "Xiang Chao everyone is talking about it. I only want to mislead the general, but it is not enough to achieve great things. Now Su can greet Cao Er, just like the general can't. Why? What do you mean? Now Su welcomes Cao. Cao should use Su to pay back to the township party, appreciate his reputation, and still not lose his job as a Cao Cao. General, if you want to settle down, please make a plan early and don't rely on everyone's opinions!" Quan sighed and said, "Everyone is disappointed with the plan."

At that time, Zhou Yu was envoyed to Fanyang, and Su persuaded Quan to summon Yu to return. When Yu arrived, he said to Quan: "Although Cao was named Han Prime Minister, he was actually a traitor to the Han Dynasty. The general relied on his martial prowess and talent, as well as the tyranny of his father and brother, to separatize Jiangdong, covering an area of ??thousands of miles. His soldiers were well equipped and he was a hero who enjoyed his work. Traveling across the country to eradicate the filth of the Han family; how could Cao Cao commit suicide? Please help the general to prepare for it. Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Guanxi, so Cao Cao abandoned his saddle horse. Fighting for balance with Wu and Yue, it is still very cold and the horses have no drafts. If they are not accustomed to the water and the soil, they will suffer from diseases. Let's go. General Qin Cao, it's time for Yu to recruit tens of thousands of elite soldiers to move into Xiakou and protect him. " Quan said, "The old traitor has wanted to destroy Han and stand on his own for a long time, but he is afraid of Yuan and Lu Bu. , Liu Biao and Gu'er; now several heroes have been destroyed, but Gu is still alive. Gu and the old thieves are not at odds with each other, and the emperor said that they should attack each other, and they are even together with Gu. "He drew his sword to kill the former Qin case. He said: "If the generals and officials dare to say something again, it is the same as this case!" He dismissed the meeting.

That night, Yu saw Quan again and said, "Everyone was frightened when they saw Cao Cao's book saying eight hundred thousand steps on the water. They didn't know the truth, so they started this discussion. It's very meaningless. Today Judging from the actual situation, the Chinese he led were no more than 150,000 to 60,000, and they had been exhausted for a long time. The number of soldiers he obtained was only 780,000 to 80,000, and he was still suspicious. Although the number was large, he used the soldiers who were tired and sick to fight against the suspicious people. , It's not enough to be afraid. Yu has 50,000 elite soldiers and can control them by himself. I hope the general will not worry about it!" Quan stroked his back and said, "Gong Jin, your words are very agreeable. My wife, holding her private concerns hostage, is deeply disappointed. Du Qing and Zijing are in the same ear as Gu. On this day, the two Qings praise Gu! It is difficult for fifty thousand soldiers to unite, but thirty thousand have been selected, with ships, food, and war equipment. Qing, Zijing, and Cheng Gong will go forward, and Gu Dang will send more people and provide more supplies to support Qing. If the encounter is not satisfactory, Gu Dang will return to Meng. Dejue." Then Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu were appointed as the left and right governors, and the troops and preparations were combined to counterattack; Lu Su was appointed as the commander of the Zan Army to help draw up the strategy.

......

Jin, and Cao met at Red Cliff.

At that time, Cao Cao's army was already suffering from an epidemic. On the first day of the battle, Cao Cao's army was unfavorable and led to the north of the Yangtze River. Yu was waiting on the south bank. Huang Gai, a general under Yu's command, said: "Today the invaders are outnumbered and it is difficult for them to last long. The commanding officers and the ships are connected end to end. They can be burned and driven away." He then took ten Mengchong battleships and Load dry firewood, fill it with oil, wrap it with a curtain, build a flag on it, prepare it for the boat, and tie it to its tail. First, I will use the book to leave the message, and the deceitful cloud will fall. At that time, the southeast wind was strong, so the ten ships were the most advanced, and the sails were raised in the middle of the river, and the remaining ships followed. All the military officers and soldiers came out of the camp to observe and pointed out the surrender. More than two miles away from the Northern Army, a fire broke out at the same time. The fire was fierce and the wind was fierce. The ships were like arrows, burning the Northern ships and extending to the camps on the shore. In a moment, the sky was filled with smoke and flames, and many people were burned and drowned by people and horses. Yu and others led the troops to follow, but thunder and drums shook the Northern Army. They led the troops to walk on Huarong Road. They encountered muddy roads, impassable roads, and strong winds. They made the soldiers carry straw to fill it, and they rode on it. Pass. The poor soldiers were trapped in the mud by men and horses, and many died. Liu Bei and Zhou Yu advanced by land and water and pursued Cao to Nanjun. At that time, Cao's army suffered from famine and epidemic, and most of them died. Cao Nai left Cao Ren, the general of the southern expedition, and Xu Huang, the general of Hengye, to guard Jiangling. He turned around and attacked General Yuejin to guard Xiangyang, and led the army back north.

Translation:

When Lu Su heard that Liu Biao was dead, he said to Sun Quan, "Jingzhou is adjacent to our country. The rivers and mountains are dangerous and strong, and the fertile fields are vast. , the people are numerous and wealthy, and if you possess it, it will be the capital to start the emperor's career. Now Liu Biao has just died, and (his) two sons are at odds. My heart goes to that son. Liu Bei is a hero in the world and has a grudge against Cao Cao. He lives in Liu Biao. Liu Biao is jealous of his talent and does not use him seriously. If (we) are in sync with each other, (we) should appease (them) and ally with them; if (they) cannot cooperate, (we should) plan this (problem) separately to accomplish (our) great cause. I ask for help. Your) order to comfort Liu Biao's two sons, comfort those in power in their army, and persuade Liu Bei to appease Liu Biao's subordinates and work together to deal with Cao Cao. Liu Bei will definitely listen to our opinions happily. . If this thing can be successful, the world will be settled. If you don't go there quickly, you may be overtaken by Cao Cao." Sun Quan immediately sent Lu Su. When Lu Su arrived at Xiakou, he heard that Cao Cao had marched towards Jingzhou, so he hurried on his way day and night. When Lu Su arrived at Nanjun, Liu Cong (Liu Biao's second son) had surrendered (to Cao Cao), and Liu Bei fled south. Lu Su went directly to meet Liu Bei and met him at Changbanpo in Dangyang. Lu Su conveyed Sun Quan's wishes, discussed world affairs and the current situation (with Liu Bei), expressed his sincere condolences, and asked Liu Bei: "Where does Liu Yuzhou want to go (now)?" Liu Bei said: "(I) am with Cangwu. We have an old friendship with the prefect Wu Ju and want to join him." Lu Su said: "General Sun Toulu is smart and benevolent. He respects and treats worthy people with courtesy. All the heroes in the south of the Yangtze River have joined him. He has occupied six states and counties. We have enough soldiers and food to start a business. Now for your plan, it is better to send your most trusted people to form an alliance with the east (Wu State) to achieve a great cause that can be passed down to the world. But you want to defect to Wu Ju, Wu. Ju is a mediocre person, (and) living in a remote and remote state and county, and is about to be annexed by others, how can (such a person) be supported?" Liu Bei (heard this) was very happy. Lu Su said to Zhuge Liang: "I am Ziyu's friend." Then he made friends with Liu Bei and others. Ziyu (is) Zhuge Jin, Zhuge Liang’s brother. He fled the chaos to Jiangdong and now serves as Sun Quan's long history. Liu Bei adopted Lu Su's idea and stationed at Fankou in E County.

Cao Cao was about to go east along the Yangtze River from Jiangling. Zhuge Liang said to Liu Bei: "The matter is urgent. Please be ordered to ask General Sun for help." So he went with Lu Su to visit Sun Quan. Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan in Chaisang and advised Sun Quan: "(Now) the world is in chaos. The generals have raised troops (in) Jiangdong, and Liu Yuzhou has recruited troops (in) Hannan to fight for the world with Cao Cao. Now Cao Cao has defeated the enemy. , (the Central Plains region) was generally pacified, so he went south to conquer Jingzhou, and his power shocked the world. The hero had no place to use force, so Liu Yuzhou fled here, hoping that the general would estimate his own strength to deal with this situation.

If the troops of Wu and Yue can be used to confront the Central Plains (Cao Cao), it is better to sever ties with him (Cao Cao) as soon as possible; if not (confrontation), why not put down your weapons, bundle up your armor, and (pilgrimage) to the north to obey and serve him ( Where is Cao Cao? Now the general is pretending to obey Cao Cao on the surface, but hesitating in his heart. The matter is urgent but he cannot make a decision. There are not many days left before the disaster is imminent. "Sun Quan said, "If it's like you said, why didn't Liu Yuzhou just obey and serve Cao Cao?" Zhuge Liang said, "Tian Heng is (just) a strong man of Qi State, and he can still uphold integrity. He was willing to be humiliated; what's more, Liu Yuzhou was a descendant of the Han Dynasty royal family. He was extremely talented and talented. Everyone admired and admired him, just like water flowing back to the sea. If the big thing cannot succeed, it is God's will. How can I be a person under him (Cao Cao)?" Sun Quan said angrily: "I can't take the entire land of Wu and more than 100,000 soldiers to be controlled by others. My decision has been made! No one can rely on to resist Cao Cao except Liu Yuzhou, but Liu Yuzhou has just lost the battle, how can it withstand such a disaster?" Zhuge Liang said: "Liu Yuzhou's army Although the battle was defeated at Changbanpo, (but) there are still 10,000 soldiers who have returned and the elite navy soldiers led by Guan Yu. Liu Qi has gathered Jiangxia soldiers with no less than 10,000 soldiers. Cao Cao's army was exhausted from traveling a long way. I heard that when chasing Liu Yuzhou, the lightly-armed cavalry traveled more than 300 miles a day and a night (it was urgent). This is what is often said: "When an arrow shot from a strong bow reaches the end of its range, its power will be lost." It cannot penetrate the thin silk of Lu's ground, so the art of war is very taboo on this situation, saying that "(this situation) will definitely cause the commander to fail." Moreover, the soldiers from the north were not used to fighting on water; in addition, the people of Jingzhou who surrendered to Cao Cao were (just) forced by force, not sincere surrender. Now the general can really send brave generals to command tens of thousands of troops, coordinate planning with Liu Yuzhou, and work together to defeat Cao Cao's army. Cao Cao's army is defeated and must retreat to the north. Like this, the power of Jingzhou and Wu will increase, and the separation of the Three Kingdoms will be formed. The key to success or failure is today!" Sun Quan was very happy and discussed the matter with many of his officials.

At this time, Cao Cao sent someone to send someone to He wrote a letter to Sun Quan saying: "Recently (I) have been ordered by (the emperor) to attack the guilty (people). The army went south and Liu Cong surrendered. Now (I) have deployed 800,000 naval troops to hunt with the general in Soochow. "Sun Quan showed Cao Cao's letter to the ministers below. All of them were shocked as if they heard a loud noise suddenly, and lost their (normal) expressions. Chang Shi Zhang Zhao and others said: "Cao Cao is a (ferocious) jackal and tiger. The emperor comes to conquer all directions and always speaks in the name of the court. If you resist him today, things will be even more unreasonable. Besides, the advantage that the general can rely on to resist Cao Cao is the Yangtze River. Now that Cao Cao has captured Jingzhou, he completely occupies that place. The navy trained by Liu Biao has thousands of large and small warships. Cao Cao (all of them) Situated along the river, there are also armies at the same time, both on land and water. This becomes a situation in which the dangerous terrain of the Yangtze River is already occupied by the enemy and our army. And the number of troops (both sides) cannot be compared. I think the best strategy is to surrender to Cao Cao. "(Among the ministers) only Lu Su remained silent. Sun Quan got up to go to the toilet, and Lu Su chased him under the eaves. Sun Quan knew what he meant (chasing), (just) held Lu Su's hand and said, "What do you want to say? What?" Lu Su said: "(I) have just carefully analyzed everyone's discussion. (They) are completely misleading the general, and it is not worth planning (national) events with (them). Now I, Lu Su, can surrender to Cao Cao, but General (you) cannot. Why do you say this? Now (I) Lu Su surrenders to Cao Cao. Cao Cao will send me back to his hometown to evaluate my reputation. He will also let me do a low-level job. (I can) ride on an ox cart and lead the army. Working as an official, socializing with scholar-bureaucrats, (later) gradually getting promoted, and still being a governor of a state or county is indispensable. General (you) surrender to Cao Cao, where (you) will return (what outcome)? I hope the general will make a plan early and not adopt the opinions of (Zhang Zhao) those people!" Sun Quan sighed and said: "Those people I am very disappointed with the claims made. Now you are analyzing the grand strategy, just like me. "

At that time, Zhou Yu was ordered to Fanyang. Lu Su persuaded Sun Quan to summon Zhou Yu back. After Zhou Yu arrived, he said to Sun Quan: "Although Cao Cao claims to be the prime minister of the Han Dynasty, he is actually the prime minister of the Han Dynasty. The traitor. The general relied on his extraordinary martial arts and heroic talents, and at the same time relied on the merits of his father and brother to seize Jiangdong. The land stretches thousands of miles, the army is elite, and the supplies are sufficient. The heroes are willing to serve (for you), and (you) should conquer the world. , to get rid of bad guys for the Han Dynasty. What's more, Cao Cao (now) is here to die himself, how can he surrender to Cao Cao? Please (let me) plan this matter for the general. Now (Cao Cao's) north has not yet been pacified, and Ma Chao and Han Sui are still west of Hangu Pass, becoming Cao Cao's future troubles; while Cao Cao gave up cavalry and relied on the navy to compete with Soochow. Now the weather is very cold and the horses have no straw feed. (He) drove the soldiers from the Central Plains all the way to the rivers and lakes areas to wade (fight). If they don't accept the water and soil, they will definitely get sick. These are all taboos in using troops, but Cao Cao did them recklessly without thinking. The general should capture Cao Cao today.

I, Zhou Yu, requested tens of thousands of elite troops to station in Xiakou and promise to defeat Cao Cao on my behalf!" Sun Quan said: "(Cao Cao), the old thief, has wanted to depose the Han Dynasty and become emperor himself for a long time, but he is just worried about Yuan Shao and Yuan Shu. , Lu Bu, Liu Biao and me. Now (those) heroes have been eliminated (by him), and only I am still there. The old traitor and I are at odds with each other, and you agree with me that we should attack. This (is) God has entrusted you to me (to help me)!" So he drew his sword and struck the tables in front of him where the memorials were placed, and said: "Fellow generals and civil servants, (who) dares to say that Cao Cao should be surrendered? Just like these cases!" So the meeting was dismissed.

That night, Zhou Yu went to see Sun Quan again and said: "Those people only saw what Cao Cao's letter said about navy and infantry. 800,000, so they were frightened and no longer evaluated whether he was true or false, so they put forward this idea of ??surrender, which was very unreasonable. Now based on the actual situation, we can see that the Central Plains army he led was only 150,000 to 60,000, and it has been tired for a long time. (He) obtained Liu Biao's army, which was no more than 70,000 to 80,000 soldiers, and (all of them) were suspicious. (He) used tired and sick troops to control the suspicious soldiers. Although the number was larger, (he) Not worth fearing. If I, Zhou Yu, get fifty thousand elite troops, I will naturally be able to subdue him. I hope the general does not have to worry. Sun Quan patted Zhou Yu on the back and said, "Gong Jin, what you said is very much in line with my wishes." Zibu, Yuanbiao, etc., each only cares about his wife and children, and has his own personal agenda, which makes me very disappointed. Only you and Zijing agree with me. This is what God wants you two to do. People help me! (You said) 50,000 troops, it is difficult to assemble in a hurry. (I) have selected 30,000 people, and the ships, food and combat equipment are all ready. You are with Zijing and Cheng Gong in front. (First) Set off, I will continue to dispatch troops, load more food, and be your back-up. If you can deal with him (Cao Cao), you will definitely fight him (with him). If you encounter (the war) unsatisfactory, come back to me, and I will definitely fight with Cao Mengde. "So Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu were appointed as the chief and deputy commanders, and they led the army to join forces with Liu Bei to attack Cao Cao. (And) Lu Su was appointed as the captain of the Zan Army to help (Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu) plan the (combat) strategy.

(Zhou Yu) encountered Cao Cao's army in Chibi after advancing.

At this time, Cao Cao's army was at a disadvantage as soon as the battle started. After retreating, he stationed himself on the north bank of the Yangtze River. Zhou Yu and others. Huang Gai, a general under Zhou Yu, said: "Now that the enemy is outnumbered and we are outnumbered, it is difficult to hold out against them for a long time. Cao Cao's army is connecting the warships, end to end. (We) can (use) fire attack to make them flee. "So they used ten warships, large and small, loaded with dry reeds and dry firewood, poured oil on them, wrapped them in curtains, and put flags on them. They also prepared light boats and tied them to the back of the warships. . First he wrote to Cao Cao, assuming that he wanted to surrender. At this time, the southeast wind was strong. Huang Gai lined up the ten warships at the front and pulled up the sails in the center of the river. They advanced together in order. Cao's officers and soldiers came out of the camp and stood watching, pointing out that Huang Gai's ten warships were two miles away from Cao's army, and they lit a fire at the same time. The wind was fierce, and the ships sailed toward Cao Cao's camp like arrows, burning all the ships anchored by Cao Cao's army in the north of the Yangtze River. The fire spread to the military camp on the shore. In an instant, smoke and flames filled the sky. Many of Cao Cao's men were burned to death and drowned. Zhou Yu and others led the lightly armed elite troops closely behind Cao Cao's army. The drums were beating loudly, and Cao Cao's army was defeated on foot. The thin soldiers were asked to carry grass to fill the road so that the cavalry could pass. The thin soldiers were trampled by the horses and fell into the mud, and many of them died. Liu Bei and Zhou Yu's navy and army advanced together and pursued Cao Cao as far as Nanjun. At that time, due to hunger and plague, more than half of Cao Cao's army died.

Cao Cao left Cao Ren, the general who conquered the south, and Xu Huang, the general of Hengye, to guard Jiangling, and General Yue Jin, who guarded Xiangyang. (Self) led the troops back to the north.