The bad weather in Rio has delayed many sports events. How much influence does the weather have on sports events?

Generally speaking, the influence of meteorological conditions on sports events can be divided into three situations:

The first situation is that bad weather will directly lead to the failure of the game. For example, violent storms often limit outdoor competitions, and athletes exercising in high temperature and heat above 35℃ will cause heatstroke shock.

The second situation is to affect the performance of athletes. If athletes encounter high impact weather, their performance will be affected. In 15 women's discus competition in Rio Olympic Games in August, 17 players, 10 failed in the first throw in the qualifying round. The preliminary analysis is that the discus slipped due to heavy rain. Cavallero, the world champion from Cuba, failed to throw the discus in succession, and did not play the best level. He only reached the final in the qualifying round with the sixth place.

The third category is to affect the exertion of physical fitness, so that athletes can't exert their true level or "overload" and consume physical fitness. For example, proper temperature can improve the physical efficiency of athletes; Excessive temperature or humidity will not only accelerate human perspiration and heat dissipation, but also significantly reduce the amount of oxygen that athletes breathe, thus affecting the metabolism of carbon dioxide or the normal performance of physical fitness.

So, how does the weather affect various sports events?

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The influence of precipitation on the game can not be ignored. In heavy rain or rainstorm, many outdoor sports are forced to stop in heavy rain. In addition, because the track is muddy and slippery in rainy days, track and field athletes need to make great efforts to run, which is not conducive to creating the best results. 15 In the bad weather in August, Jamaican Carter, who participated in the preliminary round of the Rio Olympic Games 1 10 meter hurdles, only ran out of 14 seconds. However, Carter and other four players finally agreed to participate in the play-off. Carter ran out of13seconds 5 1 in the play-off and advanced to the next round. Also affected are the high jump competitions. Xue Changrui, an athlete from China, said after the game, "This rainstorm made me soaked to the skin, resulting in heat loss and chills. I felt embarrassed. I really can't do anything. "

As an outdoor sport, football matches are often played in heavy rain. Rain will increase the physical burden of players, make the stadium soft, reduce the friction between sneakers and the stadium, slow down the running speed of players, and aggravate the danger of slipping and falling. During the 1st13rd World Cup, which was famous for King diego maradona's "Hand of God", a hurricane hit the host country. Argentina vs Uruguay 1/8 final, because of the heavy rain, both sides' skills and speed were greatly reduced. Not only that, because of the player's excessive action, there were 7 yellow cards and 64 free kicks, and the number of goals scored was only 1.

temperature

Exercise in hot weather, especially high-intensity exercise, can easily lead to dehydration, thermal spasm, heat exhaustion, heatstroke and other phenomena. Dehydration of 3% for ordinary people will lead to decreased exercise ability and fever symptoms. In all sports competitions, the marathon has the greatest intensity, the longest duration and the largest body heat. If these calories are not distributed in time, they will accumulate in the body, causing fever, such as heatstroke and severe fainting, leading to death. In addition, middle and long-distance running, cycling, equestrian and speed horse racing, triathlon, tennis and other competitions are also greatly affected by high temperature. The competition temperature of softball, baseball and beach volleyball is higher than 38℃, which will seriously affect the physical strength of athletes.

Just like high temperature, low temperature will also affect the performance of the game. When the temperature is too low, it is easy to cause colds and exercise asthma; Muscle activity is not open, tendons are tense and stiff, and it is easy to sprain, and body stiffness leads to uncoordinated movements. For example, during the 12th Winter Olympics, affected by the cold wave, the temperature plummeted, and 24% of the contestants caught a cold, including the world champions who had fought many battles.