Where is Sydney?

Sydney is the largest city in Australia, the capital of New South Wales, and the economic, financial, shipping and tourism center of Australia. It is the largest city in the southern hemisphere, an important port and a world-famous international metropolis.

Sydney, located on the southeast coast of Australia, is the first colony established by Europe in Australia. 1788 was founded in Sydney Bay by arthur phillip, captain of the British First Fleet. It was the first place to receive exiled criminals. Later, with the influx of immigrants during the Australian Gold Rush, Sydney gradually became the most important city in the southern hemisphere. Sydney is built around Jackson Harbor (including Sydney Harbor) and has become a world-famous seaport city since the 20th century.

Sydney plays an important role in the national economy of Australia. In 20 13, the gross domestic product of Sydney reached $337.45 billion, which was higher than that of developed countries and regions such as Denmark, Singapore and Hong Kong. Highly developed financial industry, manufacturing industry and tourism are the main bodies of Sydney's market economy. Among them, the headquarters of the world's top multinational companies and domestic and foreign financial institutions are rooted in Sydney. At the same time, Sydney is also home to the Australian Stock Exchange, Reserve Bank of Australia and Twentieth Century Fox Studio in the United States. Sydney Futures Exchange is now 10 the largest financial derivatives exchange in the world.

Sydney is the host city of many important international sports events, including 1938 Commonwealth Games, 2000 Sydney Olympic Games and 2003 World Cup Rugby. As an internationally famous tourist destination, Sydney is famous for its landmark buildings such as beach, opera house and harbour bridge.

geographical position

Sydney is located in the southern hemisphere, 33 55' south latitude and150 53' east longitude. Located on the southeast coast of Australia, Sydney is the capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most densely populated city in the country, with a population of over 4.2 million in the capital circle (2006). One third of downtown Sydney is located on the south bank of the upstream cove. Sydney is located in the coastal basin between the eastern Pacific Ocean and the western Blue Mountains. Sydney has Jackson Harbor, the largest natural harbor in the world, and more than 70 seaports and beaches, including the famous Band-Aid Beach. The urban area of Sydney is 65,438+0,687 square kilometers (6,565,438+0 square miles), which is similar to that of Greater London. Sydney Metropolitan Area (statistically Sydney) covers an area of 12, 145 square kilometers (4,689 square miles), and the effective area is national parks and other undeveloped land. Sydney occupies two geographical areas-Cumberland Plain and Hornsby Plateau. Cumberland Canyon is a relatively flat and somewhat undulating area, located in the west and south of Port Jackson. Cosby Plateau is a plateau in the north of the harbor, 200 meters (656 feet) above sea level, cut by a grassy valley. The oldest area in Sydney is located in a flat area. Constable Plateau is called the North Shore. It was not until 1932 that the Sydney Harbour Bridge was opened that the plateau was connected with the city.

Climatic characteristics

Sydney has a subtropical humid climate with abundant annual rainfall. The weather in Sydney is influenced by the adjacent ocean, so this western inland city is more continental. The warmest month is 65438+ 10 month, the temperature in coastal areas is18.6–25.8℃, and the average number of days above 30℃ is 14.6 days. The highest temperature recorded was 45.3℃, 1939 65438+ 10/0/4, which was recorded after the four-day nationwide heat wave. It is slightly cooler in summer, and the temperature in coastal areas rarely drops below 5℃. The coldest month is July, with an average extreme value of 8.0–16.2℃. The minimum value on land is 2. 1℃. Rainfall is fairly even in summer and winter. Due to the adjustment of the east wind, the rainfall in the first half of the year was slightly higher. The average annual rainfall is 12 17.0mm, with moderate rainfall and little change, and the average annual rainfall is 138.0 days. 1830, it snowed in Sydney.

Although Sydney will not encounter cyclones or major earthquakes, El Ni? o phenomenon or El Ni? o Southern Oscillation is affecting the weather conditions in Sydney: on the one hand, there are droughts and forest fires, on the other hand, there are storms and floods, which are all combined with oscillation. Forest fires have occurred in many areas near the forest in Sydney, especially in 1994 and 2002-forest fires often occur in spring and summer. Sydney is prone to rare hail and storms.