What protective effects does the skin have?

What protective effects does the skin have?

What protective effects does the skin have? It is well known that everyone has skin. Do you know what the protective effect of skin is? Let's take a look at the protective effect of skin with me, hoping to help everyone.

What protective effects does the skin have? 1 1, protective effect.

Protection refers to protecting the body from external harm, while preventing the infiltration and invasion of water, chemicals and bacteria.

2, regulate body temperature

When the external environment temperature changes, skin, blood vessels and sweat glands all have the function of automatically regulating body temperature. The skin is rich in sensory nerve endings, which can feel various external stimuli and produce various senses, such as touch, pain, pressure, cold and hot feeling, etc.

Step 3 secrete

Skin can secrete oil. Insufficient oil secretion will cause extreme water shortage in the skin, and excessive oil secretion will lead to acne. Changes in mood will also directly affect the normal work of endocrine glands, so maintaining a happy mood is also very important for skin care.

Step 4 excrete

Water, salt, chemicals and toxins under the skin epidermis in the body will be excreted through sweat glands.

Step 5 absorb

The absorption of skin is very limited, and there are only two ways of absorption, one is the superficial way, and the other is the way of accessory organs. Foreign substances enter the dermis through the epidermal space for surface absorption; It enters the dermis through hair follicles and sebaceous glands. And absorbed by the accessory organs.

In addition, the skin temperature will also directly affect the absorption rate. The higher the skin temperature, the faster the absorption rate. Rub your hands before using skin care products, or apply them with warm water, and the absorption effect will be better.

Step 6 regenerate

The process of repeated changes of cells produced in the basal layer from spinous layer to stratum corneum.

7. Respiratory function

The skin itself produces tiny breaths.

8. metabolism.

Skin cells have the ability to divide, reproduce and renew metabolism. The metabolic function of the skin is the most active between 10 and 2 am, during which ensuring a good sleep is of great benefit to beauty.

Skin has many benefits to human body, so we must take good care of it! I hope I can help everyone ~

What protective effects does the skin have? 2. Barrier effect

Normal skin has two barriers, one is to prevent external damage, and the other is to prevent the loss of nutrients, electrolytes and water in the body.

Skin is like a city wall, protecting the residents in the city from the enemies who like to do things outside.

Among them, these enemies who engage in things can be divided into these categories:

1, mechanical damage

Friction, pulling, squeezing and collision; Some places are often attacked by the enemy. Of course, the city wall must be reinforced and thickened, such as calluses on the soles of the feet.

If the enemy attacks too hard, it will cause protective nerve reflex to avoid injury.

2. Physical damage:

① Electricity (skin has impedance effect on low voltage)

② Light (the skin will produce melanin to resist the loss of ultraviolet rays)

③ Magnetism (generally does not cause tissue damage)

④ Mechanical force

3. Chemical damage

The prevention of this injury mainly depends on the stratum corneum, followed by the buffering ability of hydrogen ions on the skin to acid and alkali. However, high concentrations of acid, alkali and salt will cause harm to the skin, especially strong alkali.

The defensive ability of the city wall is also limited, and the disparity in strength will not be established, so it is usually necessary to avoid contact with such substances. I don't think so. )

4. Biological damage

Here refers to microorganisms, which can become pathogenic bacteria under certain conditions and cause harm to human body.

Sounds terrible? Don't worry, we have the barrier function of stratum corneum (and you), which can stop their invasion, and the ph value of the skin surface is acidic, plus some free fatty acids and protein peptides secreted by the skin, which can play a protective role.

Second, the role of thermoregulation.

People, especially warm-blooded animals, are born with a perfect temperature regulation mechanism. In the process of temperature regulation, the skin is not only a receptor, but also an effector (that is, it works after receiving orders).

The weather is hot, the temperature is high, the skin blood flow increases, and more body heat is brought from the body to the body surface. You can also disperse a lot of heat by sweating, because the evaporation of sweat requires heat. When the weather is cold and the temperature is low, the metabolism in the body is enhanced to generate heat, and at the same time, the intradermal capillaries contract and the blood flow is reduced. The surface sebum film and subcutaneous fat can protect the normal body temperature.

Third, sensory function.

Sensory nerve endings of normal skin can conduct six senses: touch, pain, cold, warm, pressure and itching. In addition to these six single senses, there is another sense category called compound sense, such as wet, dry, slippery and soft.

Compound sensation is the result that several different receptors or nerve endings need to feel together and work together with the cerebral cortex, which is a little higher than the cerebral cortex.

Four. Secretion and excretion

The secretion and excretion of skin mainly depend on sebaceous glands and sweat glands. What sebaceous glands and sweat glands mainly secrete and excrete can be seen from the name.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) absorption

Skin care all day, in addition to protecting the skin, of course, also want it to absorb some effective ingredients, so that the face is smoother and more tender. The ability of skin to absorb foreign substances is called transdermal absorption, which is an indispensable ability to maintain health and is also the theoretical basis of modern dermatology for external use.

What are the factors that affect absorption?

1, the thickness of cuticle, the cuticle of palm and heel is thicker, and the absorption effect is smaller, while the absorption effect of mucosa without cuticle is stronger.

2, the external temperature increases or the external humidity decreases, and the absorption capacity of the skin will also increase.

3. Wet dressing and bandaging will increase the hydration of keratin, and the permeability of the substance will also increase.

4. External drugs, powders and aqueous solutions are difficult to absorb, creams can be absorbed in small amounts, and ointments and ointments can promote drug absorption.

5, suffering from psoriasis, eczema, or skin lesions on the body, the absorption capacity will also be enhanced.

Sixth, immune function.

Skin is the first line of defense against harmful substances in the external environment. For a long time, people only think that skin is the external barrier of human body and plays no role in immune response.

After in-depth study, people found that skin is a unique immune organ with strong nonspecific immune defense ability and very important specific immune function.

The status of the skin has just gone up, and the immune function is self-evident.

What protective effects does the skin have? Skin has five basic functions: protecting, regulating body temperature, feeling, excreting and absorbing.

1, protection function

Skin is like a tough impermeable membrane, full of elasticity and tension, which completely covers the body surface, playing a good barrier role and protecting the body from various external injuries, including physical, mechanical, chemical, biological and other external injuries.

Under normal circumstances, our skin is weakly acidic, which can help prevent bacteria and viruses from multiplying on the body surface. The cuticle of the outer skin can also prevent excessive evaporation and discharge of water, and protect the skin from being too dry due to water loss, thus keeping the skin moist. At the same time, the stratum corneum can also resist the erosion of weak acids and bases and prevent the penetration of chemicals and water.

2, the function of regulating body temperature

The human body can maintain a constant temperature of about 37℃, mainly by the adjustment of the skin. When the outside temperature is high, the skin blood vessels dilate, and sweat glands secrete a lot of sweat to prevent the body temperature from rising with the outside temperature; When the outside temperature is low, the skin blood vessels contract and sweat secretion decreases, thus preventing the body from emitting heat and maintaining a constant temperature.

3. Sensory function

The body feels various external stimuli through the sensory function of the skin. There are abundant sensory nerve endings in the dermis of the skin, which can accept cold sensation, warm sensation, tactile sensation, pain sensation, pressure sensation and various compound sensations such as body, wet, dry, soft and hard. In addition, the skin can also produce a variety of nerve reflexes to protect the body from harm.

4. Excretion function

There are sweat glands and sebaceous glands on the skin, and excretion mainly plays a role through them. Sweat glands function like kidneys, which can excrete water and metabolic wastes in the body; Sebaceous glands secrete sebum, and fatty acids in sebum have bactericidal effect, and also have the functions of forming sebum film and lubricating skin and hair.

5, absorption function

The skin completes the absorption function through pores. The intact skin is impermeable to water, but lipid-like solutes can be selectively absorbed, and the main way of absorption is pores, which is why many drugs and cosmetics can be absorbed through the skin.

However, once the pores are blocked and inflamed, skin problems such as blackheads, acne, and closed mouths will be formed, and even the pores are large, resulting in the skin being unable to absorb nutrients.

Many fairies choose mud film when solving the problem of how to clean up clogged pores. Indeed, many mud films have the function of adsorbing oil, and some mud films also have the function of exfoliating, which is naturally a good choice for cleaning pores.

However, it should be noted that the mud film is both absorbent and irritating, so fairies should control the frequency of using the mud film. Generally speaking, once or twice a week can fully meet daily needs.