Brief introduction of Dong Qianhu

Dongqian Lake is located in the east of Ningbo, 0/5km away from the city center/kloc-0. The southeast of the lake is backed by green hills, and the northwest of the lake is close to the plain, that is, the east diameter12134', and the north latitude is 28 52'. It is a part of Fujian and Zhejiang geology and an open lagoon formed by ancient geological movements. As a marine lake, Dongqian Lake is the largest inland freshwater lake in Zhejiang Province. It is 8.5 kilometers long from north to south and 6.5 kilometers wide from east to west. It is about 45 kilometers around the lake, and the whole lake area is about 20 square kilometers, which is four times larger than the West Lake in Hangzhou.

The whole lake of Dongqian Lake can be divided into three parts: the West Lake is called "Guzi Lake" with Shigu Mountain and Lishan Mountain as the boundary; The northeast is bounded by the lake, which is called "Humei Lake". This lake was abandoned at 196 1 to build Hu Mei Farm, and the rest of the lake was called "Outer Lake". Since 1976 built the pond, the outer lake has been divided into south and north parts. Together, the three are called "Dongqian Lake". The mountains around Dongqian Lake stand side by side, with beautiful peaks and different shapes; Fuquan Mountain is located in the southeast, and Job Mountain is located in the northwest. It is surrounded by Dragon Roll Mountain and Pear Flower Mountain in the northeast, facing the white clouds in front and Muta in the back. The Taogong Mountain in the north stands tall and stands in a chance encounter. Erling and Yu Xia are far away from each other, showing great compassion and living in seclusion. There are seventy-two streams around the lake; The Three Gorges River inclines to the east, Yue Quan River irrigates to the west, Guo Tongxi flows to the north, like Kanxi flows to the south, and the rest streams flow vertically and horizontally, such as water, water, cold ridge, Qingshan, Huang Ju, Zichang and Daci, forming a vast Dongqian Lake. Therefore, it is known as "the scenery of learning Chinese characters and the charm of Taihu Lake".

Dongqian Lake is also an important water conservancy project in Ningbo. There are seven weirs and nine ponds around the lake. These seven weirs are: Yan Qian, Hu Mei (waste), Sumu (waste), Mo Zhi, Pingshui, Dayan and Gao Qiu. Tang Jiu is Hu Mei Pond, Hu Mei Yantang, Sumutang, Mo Zhi Yantang, Dayantang, Pingtang, Yan Qian Pond, Fangjiatang and Gao Qiu Pond. Dongqian Lake area belongs to sub-south Asian monsoon climate. The annual average precipitation is about 1374 mm, the lowest temperature is -8.3℃, the highest temperature is 38.5℃, and the annual average temperature is 16.2℃. Because the temperature of the lake is regulated, it is not only suitable for intensive cultivation, drought and flood protection, but also beneficial to navigation and summer heatstroke prevention. The water in Dongqian Lake irrigates more than 500,000 hectares of farmland in eight towns of Yinxian, Fenghua and Zhenhai, making the farmland around the lake rich year by year. There used to be a saying in Ningbo: "The land should be Dongxiang, and the son should be himself". The fields in Dongxiang have a high yield every year, relying on the water parasites in Dongqian Lake. Moreover, most of the drinking water in Ningbo depends on this lake.

Second, vicissitudes of life

During the long Paleozoic, the area around Dongqian Lake did not change much except for slow ups and downs and local transgression. At the end of Quaternary, there was obvious subsidence, and a large number of thick alluvium was deposited, and the periphery developed into sandbars. Due to the action of coastal currents and tides, siltation land is gradually formed outside the sandbar, and Dongqian Lake has become one of many sea-mark lakes.

Dongqian Lake was recorded as early as the Jin Dynasty. Lu Yun (Shilong), a famous scholar in the Western Jin Dynasty, said in his book Answering Che Maoan that Maoxian "has great lakes in the west, famous mountains in the north, Lin Ze in the south and huge seas in the east". At that time, Maoxian was under the jurisdiction of Maoshan, and the lake was in the west of the county. It can be seen that Dongqian Lake was called the Great Lake in the Jin Dynasty.

Dongqian Lake was called "Qianhu" in ancient times, and it was named because of its money. Also known as "Wan Jinhu", it was called "West Lake" in the Tang Dynasty because of its advantages. At that time, the county was named Maoshan and the lake was named in the west of the county. In the Song Dynasty, it was called "East Lake", because in the Song Dynasty, Sanjiangkou County ruled and the lake lived in its east, hence the name.

During the reign of Zhao Tianbao, Liu Nanjin was appointed as the trade magistrate. In the third year of Tianbao (AD 744), several valleys in the northwest of the lake were connected by dikes to form an artificial lake. According to Li Dun's Proposal on Restoration of Dongqian Lake, at that time, * * * abandoned farmland1213 mu.

In the first year of Song Tianxi (A.D. 1048), after Wang Anshi became the magistrate of Yinxian County, he organized people to fill the waste, set up a lake boundary and dredge waterways. After a bitter battle, Dongqian Lake was clearly managed, with a huge mirror hanging in the air. Since then, the people of the seven townships, although the weather is dry, have no worries about bad years.

During the Song Middle School (A.D. 1056- 1063), Prime Minister Lu Xianzhi rebuilt six dikes, including Fangjiatang, Gaoqitang, Meihutang, Sumutang, Pingshui Weir and Qianyantang.

In the fifth year of the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 169), more than 20,000 mu of main roads were blocked by weeds in Dongqian Lake, and the water storage decreased sharply. Because the people were in poverty, Zhang Jin, a guard, moved to North Korea to discuss the strategy of weeding. Zhao Bogui was later allowed by the imperial court to send Yang Bian, a magistrate of a county, to measure in detail, except for weeds. In the fourth year of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 177), Yao Zhe, a county magistrate, reopened the lake. At that time, Prince Wei Yuekai, who was guarding Mingzhou, was transferred to the Qing court and paid 50,000 yuan in domestic capital, namely, Yi Cang Rice 10000 stone. According to the fields and tools he benefited from, he also sent a water army to carry goods, and sent chiefs Smokey and Sima Chen Yannian to supervise the construction, which lasted for half a year. But at that time, most of the water was not moved out of the lake, but was backfilled into the lake after the water level rose, which could not meet the requirements.

In the seventh year of Jiading (A.D. 12 14), Qin served as a county magistrate, raised 32,000 yuan from the government, set up a lake opening bureau, wanted to buy land 1000 mu, and quarried 2,400 stones from the valley every year to recruit farmers to collect dysprosium in their leisure time. Each boat is based on the amount of money collected and the distance. It is estimated that we can go to 20 thousand ships every year. Unfortunately, his excellent strategy of eliminating dysprosium was not effectively implemented by the later magistrate. The land bought, the rented valley used for other purposes, and the money not bought remained in the state treasury, which led to the long-term growth of the lake and the misappropriation of water.

Baoqing lived in the county along Shuhu Village for two years (AD 1226). Weeds were very congested at that time. He raised rice 15000 stone, assisted by the water army. The farmers accepted the benefits of the field, and when they were exhausted, they told the court to put the remaining money and grain into the fields, and let the forward township head Gu Yong take charge of the rent collected from the valley every year, and divide the 500 fishermen into four corners. Every time they give six stones to the valley, they will have a unique grass. However, after this period of time, in addition to weeding, the lake can't be picked out. After the rainstorm and flood, it freezes in the lake.

In the second year of Chun Hu (A.D. 1242), the secretary wrote "County Magistrate Chen Kai", which saw a bumper harvest in farming and implemented the policy of buying cigarettes. He cleaned up the income from the past lake fields and appointed Lin Yuanjin and Shi to implement it. Farmers responded one after another, taking fennel by boat and showing off the exchange, ranging from hundreds to thousands. Has good weeding effect.

During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there was no large-scale dredging in Dongqian Lake, especially after Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, when farmers found that weeds could enrich their fields, they took measures to prevent weeds from breeding.

In the 18th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1892), it was initiated by Zhang Zuxian, a native of Yinxian County, but failed. Later, his disciple Xin Jinya inherited his predecessor's legacy and ran for 20 years until the second year of the Republic of China (19 13), when Chen Xiezhong, a wealthy businessman in Zhenhai, donated a huge sum of money.

After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), from 195 1 to 1976, Dongqian Lake has been rehabilitated many times, and thousands of manpower have been invested to remove weeds, comprehensively repair lakes, dams and waste gates, clean up lake boundaries, and build copper basin gates, Qiu Hong gates and jiepai.

196 1 When Sanxipu Reservoir was built, Humei Lake, which was heavily silted, was abandoned. 1976, a pond was built in the middle of the lake to facilitate dredging in turn.

Dongqian Lake not only has the advantages of irrigation and navigation, but also has the disadvantages of siltation, so the dispute of defending and abandoning the lake has been fierce throughout the ages. During the Wude period (A.D. 1297- 1307), local friends asked Sunday to rent some acres of land to officials on the grounds of lake siltation. Drive away complex lakes by dividing water fields. During the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1426- 1435), Wang Shihua, who participated in politics, went into the water in Dongqian Lake, took advantage of the situation, opened the lake for farmland, and the people in seven townships supervised the lawsuit, only to stop it. During the years of Zheng De and Jiajing, Ningbo Tunjun invited the lake to be abandoned as a field, but it was not abandoned because the county magistrate Kou Tianxu and the county magistrate Huang Renshan stopped it. King Lu, the company commander Wang Zhiren and the battalion commander Zhou wanted to abandon the lake for wasteland, but they were stopped by the magistrate of a county. Dong Shouyu, the household minister, fought to the death and finally did not abandon the lake. However, the number of people invading the lake field is increasing day by day, only after Lu said in North Korea that it was forbidden. In the fifth year of Tongzhi (A.D. 1866), Hu Yi and others invited him to dig a mountain and open a river in Jianhe Cao, and draw water from the lake to irrigate Zhenhai Taiwei and other townships. Governor Shi sent people to inspect Zhenhai, believing that Zhenhai has high terrain, arduous projects and insufficient lakes. In addition, farmers in Yin county strongly oppose it. Under the instructions of Governor Zuo, he frequently banned monuments and stood in Fucheng Temple. Before liberation, rich families and gentry occupied Humei Lake and designated it as farmland, which caused many water conservancy disputes and even water wars.

Dongqian Lake has experienced many vicissitudes, ups and downs again and again. Finally, after 2000 years, the fruit remains the same. This can also comfort people with lofty ideals who have made efforts for this pearl and this land of fish and rice in eastern Zhejiang. In order to inspire and commemorate the local officials who contributed to dredging the Great Lakes, the local people built the "Li and Lu Ergong Temple" in Qingshan 'ao, Dongqian Lake.