Climate difference between Chongqing and northern Yunnan

Chongqing is a livable city with mild climate and subtropical monsoon humid climate. The annual average climate is about 18℃, the average minimum temperature in winter is 6-8℃, the summer is hot, and the daily maximum temperature in July and August is above 35℃. The highest extreme temperature is 4 1.9℃, and the lowest is-17℃. ANB total sunshine hours are 1000- 1200 hours. It is warm in winter and hot in summer, with a long frost-free period and abundant rainfall. Annual rainfall 1000- 1450 mm Chongqing is foggy, and it is known as the "foggy city of Chongqing". Chongqing is foggy because of its geographical environment. The average annual foggy days in Chongqing are 104 days, while London, which is known as the foggy capital of the world, has only 94 days, and Tokyo, Japan, which is the foggy capital of the Far East, has only 55 days. Chongqing is a veritable "foggy city". Wu Yun, Bishan County, Chongqing has 204 foggy days all the year round, which is called "the best in the world".

Chongqing is located in the east of Sichuan Basin, surrounded by Daba Mountain, Wushan Mountain, Wuling Mountain and Dalou Mountain in the north, east and south. The landform is dominated by hills and mountains, and the slope area is large, so it is called "mountain city".

Climatic characteristics

I. Types

Yunnan is located in the low latitude plateau, with a special geographical position and complex terrain. The plateau monsoon climate is mainly influenced by the high-pressure airflow in southern Bangladesh. Most areas in the province are warm in winter and cool in summer, with four seasons like spring. The climate types in the province are rich and diverse, including seven climate types: north tropical, south subtropical, middle subtropical, north subtropical, south temperate, middle temperate and plateau climate zone.

Second, the characteristics

The climate in Yunnan is characterized by low latitude climate, monsoon climate and mountain plain climate. Its main performance is:

First, the regional differences and vertical changes of climate are very obvious. This phenomenon is closely related to the latitude and altitude of Yunnan. This combination of high latitude and high altitude, low latitude and low altitude coincides, that is, the increase of latitude in the horizontal direction coincides with the increase of altitude in the vertical direction, which makes the annual average temperature rise from north to south, except Jinsha River Valley and Yuanjiang River Valley. The average temperature is about 5-24℃, and the temperature difference between north and south is about 65438 09℃, showing the characteristics of "three-dimensional climate".

Second, the annual temperature difference is small and the daily temperature difference is large. Because it is located in the low latitude plateau, the air is dry and sparse, and the solar heat obtained by various places not only increases or decreases with the change of solar altitude angle, but also is affected by clouds and rain. The average temperature of the hottest day in summer is about19-22℃; In winter, the average temperature in Leng Yue is above 6-8℃. The annual temperature difference is generally 10- 15℃, and the temperature is low in rainy days. The daily temperature change is cool in the morning and hot in the afternoon, especially in winter and spring, and the daily temperature difference can reach 12-20℃.

Third, abundant precipitation, alternating dry and wet, uneven distribution. The annual precipitation in most parts of the province is 1 100 mm, but due to the control and influence of different atmospheric circulation in winter and summer, the distribution of precipitation in seasons and regions is extremely uneven. The maximum precipitation is from June to August, accounting for about 60% of the annual precipitation. 165438+ 10 to April of the following year is the dry season, and the precipitation only accounts for 10-20% of the whole year, or even less. Moreover, in a small area, due to the change of altitude, the precipitation distribution is uneven.