Dedicated to a soldier recovered by the imperial army on both sides of the Yellow River in the Qing Dynasty and a bamboo poet on the Xixi River in Chuzhou. Reciting the trumpet "Bufu" poem in the fift

Dedicated to a soldier recovered by the imperial army on both sides of the Yellow River in the Qing Dynasty and a bamboo poet on the Xixi River in Chuzhou. Reciting the trumpet "Bufu" poem in the fifth grade. Offer flowers to the youth

Du Fu

Jincheng silk tube day after day,

Half into the river, half into the clouds.

This song should only be in the sky,

How many times can the world smell?

Author background

See the author's background of "The Yellow River is Recovered by the Imperial Army".

Annotation explanation

Hua Qing: Hua, the department of Cui Guangyuan, the magistrate of Chengdu, once made meritorious deeds in counterinsurgency. Qing is a good name for men.

Jincheng: refers to Chengdu. There is Jinjiang next to Chengdu, so Chengdu is called Jincheng.

Silk tube: orchestral music, which generally refers to music here.

One by one: many and chaotic. Here refers to the invisible and intangible music.

Smell: I heard it.

Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry

Every day, there is wonderful music floating in Jincheng, half of which is blown away by the river wind and half of which is curled into the clouds. Is this melodious tune played by a fairy? I can hear it several times among ordinary people.

Appreciation of famous sentences-"Half into the river, half into the clouds."

This quatrain was written in memory of sending flowers, and it praised the music played by the gardener. Among them, "half into the river, half into the clouds" is the finishing touch, which not only describes the spread of music from the city to the air and to the suburbs, but also describes the abstract beauty of music with concrete and sensible images. The flowing river, gentle breeze on the river and graceful clouds give people a feeling of fluency, gentleness and beautiful melody, which reminds people of words like "flowing clouds and flowing water" and "very sonorous" and deepens people's feelings for the music described. The last two sentences lamented that such music should only be available in the sky, and it is rare to listen to it on earth, which directly gave music unparalleled praise. The whole poem revolves around music, or describes specific images, or describes one's own reverie, and the reality and the reality coexist, skillfully writing the beauty of music.

Appreciation of imperial army recovering both sides of the Yellow River

original text

Recover the north and south of the Yellow River

The news of this distant western station! The north has been recovered! ,

At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.

Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. ,

However, I packed my books and poems crazily.

Sing my songs loudly, drink my wine,

In the green spring, I began to go home.

Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain,

Come from the south, then go north-to my own town! .

Modern translation

Outside the sword gate, I suddenly heard that the loyalist had recovered Jibei.

At first glance, tears spilled all over the floor.

Looking back, I wonder where the sad faces of my wife and children have gone.

I was ecstatic and picked up a collection of poems at random.

Singing during the day, drinking to the fullest,

Spring just accompanied me back to my long-lost hometown.

Immediately set out through the Three Gorges, and then through Wuxia,

Then pass Xiangyang and transfer to Luoyang, the old capital.

Brief introduction of the author

Du Fu (7 12-770) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Son, Gongxian (now gongyi city, Henan) people. Du lived in the prosperous period of Kaiyuan and the Anshi Rebellion, and his life was bumpy. His poems widely recorded the real life of this period, which is called "the history of poetry". Du Fu was good at all kinds of poetic styles, and his poetic styles were gloomy and frustrated, which had a great influence on later generations.

To annotate ...

Official army: the army of the Tang Dynasty.

Receive: resume.

Henan and Hebei: generally refers to the areas south and north of the Yellow River, equivalent to today's Henan, Hebei and Shandong areas.

Outside the sword gate: outside the sword gate, that is, today's Jiannan area in Sichuan.

Northern Hebei: Northern Hebei Province today. At that time, it was the rebel base of Anshi.

First smell: first smell.

Tears: tears.

But look; Look back.

Roll up: roll up at will.

Indulge in: To indulge in drinking.

Youth: spring.

Dam: On the Jialing River in the east of Chongqing today.

Wuxia: In the east of Wushan County, Sichuan Province.

Xiangyang: In present-day Xiangfan City, Hubei Province.

Make an appreciative comment

This poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Zizhou. Du Fu was 52 years old this year, which was the fifth year that he drifted out of Jianmen because of An Shi Rebellion. Du Fu has been looking forward to quelling the rebellion and tracing its roots. Suddenly, when he heard that the loyalist had recovered Jibei, he burst into tears of joy and could not help himself. The author expresses his surprise mood incisively and vividly with four continuous actions: sudden transmission, first smell, but watching and rambling. In these four dynamic descriptions, the author imagines that he has passed through Basha, Martial Arts, Xiangyang and Luoyang, and returned to his dream hometown. Later generations said: "This poem is extremely happy, full of twists and turns, and the simpler it is, the simpler it is." This poem is Lao Du's "the first quick poem in life", and so on, which are all very accurate comments.

join the army

Author: Yang Jiong

The bonfire shines in Xijing 2, and my heart is uneven 3.

Tooth Zhang Cifeng Que 4, iron riding around Longcheng 5.

The snow draws a flag 6, and the wind beats drums.

Better be a centurion than a scholar.

1. Joining the army: an old topic in Yuefu, which belongs to harmony songs and peaceful tunes, is mostly about military wars.

2. Bee fire: the signal of ancient frontier defense alarm. From the border to the inland, beacon towers are erected along the way, and if there is enemy situation, they are lit on the stage to show warning. Gradually increase the number of torches according to the priorities of the enemy. According to Xijing: The beacon indicating the alarm has arrived in Xijing (Chang 'an), indicating that the enemy situation is serious.

3. Uneven: It is difficult to calm down.

4. Tooth piece: a symbol of changing soldiers. When the two pieces are combined, the imperial court and the viceroy each hold half, and there are teeth embedded in them, hence the name. This refers to the general who was ordered to go to war. Phoenix Que: There is a bronze phoenix in Zhangjian Palace, which was built by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, so it is called Phoenix Que. Later, it was often referred to as the imperial palace.

5. Fighter: elite cavalry, referring to Tang Jun's left and right: left and right. Longcheng: the place where the Xiongnu Congress in Han Dynasty sacrificed to heaven, so it is located on the east side of Erhun River in Mongolia today. This refers to the enemy fortress in the general sense.

6. "Snow is black" sentence: The heavy snow filled the flag, making the pattern on the flag dim and pale. Fading: The original meaning is the withering of vegetation, which means that bright colors are lost.

7. Centurion: generally refers to subordinate military attache. This refers to the Ganjiang River.

Five-character rhyme is the main body of Tang poetry, and its form and meter were completed in the early Tang Dynasty. All the laws and creative methods of the Five Laws can be extended to other poetic styles. To this end, let's talk about the other five laws here to supplement some basic knowledge about metrical poetry.

Yang Jiong is from Huayin County (now Huayin, Shaanxi Province). In the sixth year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (AD 66 1 year), he was promoted to a child prodigy, sent to the imperial court, and awarded the school bookkeeper, who was only eleven years old. In the second year of Yonglong (AD 68 1 year), he was a bachelor of Chongwen Pavilion and moved to James and Sizhi. Rainbow Bo, he thinks he is both talented and arrogant. When Wu Zetian was in power, he was demoted to Zizhou Judicial Army. After three years in office, he served as the magistrate of Yingchuan County (now Junlian County, Sichuan Province) and died in office. Later generations called him Yang Yingchuan, and his poems and songs have been preserved to this day, which is called "Yang Yingchuan Collection".

The first thing to say about this poem is the title. "Joining the army" is not a poem, but a term in Yuefu tune. As early as the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty loved music songs and built a Central Conservatory of Music called Yuefu. He gathered famous musicians and poets, collected folk songs from all over the country, formulated many new songs and promulgated public and private performances. This kind of song is called "Yuefu Song". The lyrics of such songs are called "Yuefu songs" or "Yuefu poems". The middle and late Tang Dynasty was also called "Song Poetry". Formally speaking, they have five words, seven words and a mixture of three words, five words and seven words. Generally, they are songs, and metrical poems are rarely used. Functionally, they are for performers and geisha. The difference between poetry and Yuefu poetry lies not in the form, but in whether you can sing or compose music.

It must be added here that before the Han Dynasty, the so-called "poem" refers to the lyrics that can be sung. A book of songs, 305 poems, can be sung. In the Qin and Han dynasties, ancient poetry lost its music score, and the word "poem" gradually became a noun in literary form. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, composers and singers were called "Yuefu Qu", and four-character poems in the form of The Book of Songs were called "poems". At that time, the new popular five-seven-character rhyme was called "five-character" or "seven-character". It is conceivable that "poetry" is a traditional noun of four-character poems, while five-character seven-character poems are not poems. As I said just now, what can be sung is called "Yuefu songs" or "Yuefu poems", and what can't be sung is called "poetry", which is a literary concept after Wei and Jin Dynasties.

Joining the army is a Yuefu song handed down from the Han and Wei Dynasties. Han and Wei poets wrote Join the Army, which is a Yuefu poem. However, in the Tang Dynasty, the ancient song Join the Army no longer existed. Yang Jiong wrote this article "Joining the Army" only with the title of the ancient Yuefu tune, and this five-character poem can't actually be sung with music. In this case, the title of this poem is "Ancient Poems of Yuefu". Not the tune of the poem, but the content of the poem. Because every ancient Yuefu song has its own content. For example, The Journey of Orphans describes the life of orphans, while the military reflects the hardships of joining the army. Yang Jiong wrote this five-character poem with an ancient Yuefu theme. But the content of the poem is different from "joining the army" in the Han and Wei Dynasties. It can be seen that the poets in the early Tang Dynasty used the ancient Yuefu poems as their poems, and most of them have lost their ancient meaning. This kind of poetry is difficult to classify, and can be classified as "Yuefu Poetry" or "Five-character Poetry".

The writing of this poem is also average. As long as you read the first couplet and the fourth couplet first, the content of the whole poem will be clear. The first couplet "bonfire shines in Xijing, my heart is uneven." It means that there is an enemy attack on the border, and the alarm has reached Chang' an, which makes my heart ups and downs. Why do you feel ups and downs? Because I am just a scholar, I have no ability to defend my country against the enemy. So the fourth connection went on to say, "I would rather be a young officer than a scholar." Zhou Wuwang's military system, with hundreds of people as a team, the captain is called "centurion". Later generations used it to represent junior officers.

The second league said: after receiving the bugle call, they bid farewell to the capital and led brave cavalry to besiege the barbarian capital. The tooth card is the tooth card, which is the symbol used by the emperor to dispatch troops. Phoenix Que refers to the capital, not an ordinary city. Unlike Chengque, during the Han Dynasty, General Wei Qing made an expedition to Xiongnu and took Longcheng. This dragon city is where the Xiongnu leader is and the main force is. Xiongnu is a nomadic people, Longcheng is not fixed in one place. Dragon city is often used in Tang poetry, which only refers to the enemy's lair.

The third is to describe the scene of the western regions fighting the enemy. After besieging the enemy, a war of annihilation was launched. At that time, the colorful paintings on the flag were withered by heavy snow, and the wind roared in all directions with the drums. This is the time when the centurion will serve his country. Can a scholar compare with him?

The second and third parts of this poem are only decorative parts and do not add color to the poem. This is the style formed in the early period of regular poetry, and the artistic technique has not yet developed to a high level.

There are two views on the theme of this poem: in the interpretation of Tang poetry, Tang Ruxun thought that the author felt wronged when he saw that the imperial court valued martial arts over literature, and only military officers were in favor, so he pretended to write poetry to vent his grievances. Wu Changqi thinks that the author saw the enemy approaching Xijing, encouraged him to be unjust, and went to the border to touch the snow and break the wind, in order to destroy the enemy and make contributions, not as useless as a scholar. The former thinks it is a satire poem, while the latter thinks it is a patriotic narrative poem. In this way, from the second couplet, the experience of the two people is different. I think Wu Changqi's understanding is more desirable, because the first couplet has already explained that the author's grievance is to "light a bonfire in Xijing." If he is unhappy for the reputation of a soldier, this sentence should not be followed by the sentence "bonfire"

Five, seven words and eight sentences, one rhyme, the second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences. For example, in the poem Wang Ye, Yi, Hui, Gui and Wei are all rhymes. The word "one" is the first rhyme, which is called "rhyme" Must start with rhyme, so use rhyming words in the future. However, in the first sentence of "Du Shaofu", "the edge of the three walls of Qin Dynasty" is rhyming. This poem has five rhymes: Qin, Jin, Man, Neighbourhood and towel. Now the word "Jing" in the first sentence of "Joining the Army" is also a rhyme, and this poem also has five rhymes. Here, we notice two rhyming methods of rhythmic poetry.

Chuzhouxigou

Poetry appreciation

This is a famous landscape poem and one of Wei's representative works. This is written by Chuzhou secretariat. In the Tang Dynasty, Chuzhou was ruled by the city of Chuzhou, Anhui Province, and Xijian was in the western suburbs of Chuzhou. This poem describes the quiet scene by the water of a mountain stream. Describe the poet's spring trip to Xixi Chuzhou to enjoy the scenery, and take a wild trip in the rain at low tide. The first two sentences of the poem, "I feel sorry for the static grass growing by the stream, and there are orioles singing in the depths of the trees", mean that the poet loves the static grass growing by the stream, and there are orioles singing in the depths of the shade. This is an elegant scenery where beautiful colors and beautiful music are intertwined. "Solitude and pity" means eccentricity, which shows the poet's quiet mind. The last two sentences, "spring tide comes late with rain, and no one crosses the river in the wild", mean that it rains in the evening and the tide rises more violently. There are no pedestrians on the ferry in the country, and a ferry is moored across the river. This picture of crossing a boat in the rain contains the poet's sadness about his inaction, which makes people think deeply. This also shows that Wei would rather be a neglected grass than a big official. Wei was once a "Sanweilang" and a secretariat of Chuzhou, Jiangzhou and Suzhou. He was deeply worried about the political corruption in the mid-Tang Dynasty, and was also concerned about the sufferings of people's livelihood, but he could do nothing. This poem expresses his feelings euphemistically. Whether this poem has a sustenance or not, and what is the implication, has been debated endlessly. Some people think that it is a thorn in the "gentleman is next, villain is above", which contains a kind of helpless sadness that is not in place and not used. Some people think that "there is no need to entrust the scenery of Xixi to this couple." In fact, the emotions revealed in the poem are looming. At the beginning, when you mentioned Youcao and Orioles side by side, the poet used the word "lonely pity", which clearly showed the poet's state of mind when he was poor and sober, and he did not flatter him very much. The last two sentences contain a feeling of helplessness, anxiety and sadness that is not in place and not used. Poets write scenes with emotion, express their feelings by borrowing scenes, write their favorite and disliked scenes, and talk about their comfortable and uncomfortable situations, while inner peace and emotional sadness naturally show up. Express the author's love for life.

Four ancient folk songs with seven-character poems on love or local themes

It is about the mood of a girl who is immersed in her first love. She loves someone, but she doesn't really understand their attitude, so she has both hope and doubt; I am both happy and worried. The poet successfully expressed this subtle and complicated psychology in his own tone.

The first sentence describes the scenery she saw before her eyes. Willow by the river, hanging green strips; The running water in the river is as flat as a mirror. This is a beautiful environment. The second sentence is about what she heard. In such a touching environment, she suddenly heard a song coming from the river. What a familiar voice it is! As soon as it reaches your ears, you will know who sang it. The third and fourth sentences are her psychological activities after hearing this familiar song. Although the girl liked this young man as early as in her heart, the other party has not expressed anything so far. Today, he came from the river and sang as he walked, as if he had some interest in himself. This gave her great comfort and encouragement, so she thought: This man is a bit like the uncertain weather in Huangmei season. It's sunny, it's raining in the west, it's raining again, and the east is still basking in the sun. It's a little unpredictable Here, "sunny" in sunny and rainy days is used to imply emotional "affection", "Tao is sunny", that is, "Tao is heartless and affectionate". Through these two extremely vivid and simple poems, her confusion, her attachment, her anxiety, her hope and her waiting are all portrayed.

Chaotianzi

This work is not an ode to things, but its profound insight into the real society and strong emotional color are conveying a voice of resistance, and these ideological connotations are all contained in the ode to things. The work is criticizing eunuchs for harming the people, but in the end it is self-defeating. The conclusion is left to the reader to think, which is both stirring and subtle. This is "never leave".