Contents of blackboard newspaper for preventing natural disasters

1. Earthquake is a common catastrophic natural phenomenon. Once a strong earthquake occurs, it will cause houses to collapse, dams to break, trains to derail, roads to crack, fires, hydropower disasters and casualties. Although no country in the world can accurately predict the location, time and magnitude of the earthquake, there will be some abnormal phenomena in nature before the earthquake, which can remind us to prepare for earthquake prevention and resistance.

2. Animal abnormality: hundreds of snakes climbed out of the hole to migrate for a long time; Groups of mice climbed to the telephone line four or five meters high, motionless; Tigers and lions in the zoo are depressed and can't afford to lie down; Domestic dogs fidget, don't eat or drink, and bark; Mules, horses, donkeys and cows kick around in circles, don't eat grass, and cry constantly; Chickens, ducks and geese don't go back to their cages at night, flying around and barking.

3. Groundwater anomaly: before the earthquake, the well water surface was long, the water volume increased, and even overflowed the ground; Or the water level of the well drops, and sometimes the well will dry up; The underground well is bubbling constantly, and at the same time, it gives off the rumbling sound of "Gollum, Gollum".

4. Ground light and ground sound: In a short time before the earthquake, there will be ground light phenomenon, and sometimes there will be "colorful glow" on the ground, just like the sunrise in the morning; Sometimes it presents a "color beam" that goes straight into the night sky; Sometimes a "pink ball of light" will emerge from the ground and disappear in the dark for a short time. Like lightning in the dark, the earth light and the earth sound are emitted at the same time. People first see the light of the earth, and then hear the sound of the earth. Sometimes the ground sounds like a long freight train passing by, and sometimes it sounds like thunder or fierce gunfire.

5. People's abnormal feelings: Before the earthquake, people will feel both mentally and physically, especially children, the elderly and patients with cardiovascular diseases. Before the earthquake, the feelings will be more obvious: loss of appetite, inability to sleep, fidgeting, bad temper, difficulty breathing, dizziness and so on.

6. When an earthquake occurs, if you are in a bungalow, you should quickly get under the bed or table and protect your head with bedding, pillows and washbasins. And then leave the house in time to take refuge in a safe place. If the house collapses during the earthquake, don't move under the bed or table, and don't escape outside until the earthquake stops.

7. If it is confirmed that there is an earthquake in the building, don't try to run out of the building, because time is not allowed. In addition, when seismic waves propagate, buildings tend to fall down when they sway. The most effective way is to hide in the room with the smallest span between two load-bearing walls, such as bathroom and kitchen, or hide in front of furniture such as tables and cabinets and in the corner of the room to protect your head. Remember: don't hide under the window or on the balcony.

8. If there is an earthquake in class, don't panic and don't run around indoors. Students near the door can run outside; Students in the middle can hide under the desk in time and cover their heads with schoolbags. Students leaning against the wall can cover their heads with their hands. During the intermission of earthquakes in other places, teachers will evacuate outdoors in an orderly manner under unified command.

9. If you have left the room, don't go back to the house to get clothes immediately after the earthquake stops. Because after the first earthquake, there will be aftershocks, which pose a greater threat to people. After the first earthquake, various buildings may be damaged or partially collapsed, while aftershocks usually lead to large-scale collapse.

10. If there is an earthquake in a public place, you can't panic and run around. You can improvise and hide in the nearest safe place, such as the bathroom, under the stage, under the orchestra pit and under the desk cabinet.

1 1. If there is an earthquake in the street, don't run into buildings to avoid danger, and don't stay in narrow hutongs, tall buildings, hanging walls, bridge heads and other dangerous areas.

12. Being buried in a building after the earthquake, we should summon up the courage to survive and eliminate the fear. Those who can get out of danger by themselves should find ways to get out of danger as soon as possible. When they can't get out of danger by themselves, they should first try to free their hands and feet, remove the objects that are pressing on them, especially those above their abdomen, and wait for rescue. At the same time, cover your nose and mouth with towels and clothes to prevent smoke suffocation and keep breathing smoothly. Pay attention to save your strength, and don't shout for help unless you hear someone outside. You can use stones to attract people's attention, try to reduce physical exertion, try to find food and water in the movable space, create living conditions and wait for rescue.

Second, tropical storm disasters.

1, tropical storms often bring strong winds, heavy rains and huge waves to regions and sea areas. It is a common disastrous weather phenomenon, which has great destructive power to ships at sea, oil drilling platforms, offshore aquaculture and land buildings, traffic lines, farmland and fruit forests.

When the tropical storm comes, try to stay at home and don't go out easily. Outdoor pedestrians should return to the house as soon as possible, because flying objects can easily hurt people. Unplug the power plug and TV antenna in thunderstorm weather. If the wire breaks and falls, power supply is interrupted, etc. , should notify the relevant departments for maintenance, absolutely can't touch by hand. If the roof is blown away, the indoor wires are short-circuited and caught fire, and the doors and windows are scraped off, the first thing to do is to cut off the power supply and put out the fire in time, and then deal with other problems; If you can't solve it for a while, move to another house as soon as possible. When floods, mountain collapses, waves and other phenomena endanger the safety of houses, they should be resolutely moved to safety.

Three. flood

1, when the flood occurs, it is necessary to transfer refuge according to the predetermined route, pay attention to helping the elderly and the young, and help each other. If the flood comes too fast to move on foot, it is necessary to use boats or floating objects such as door panels and wooden beds prepared in advance as tools to transfer water.

2. When the flood comes too fast and the flood has entered the house, you should quickly climb the tree near the roof and wall, take refuge temporarily and wait for the ambulance personnel to move. You can't swim alone.

3. Earth walls, barricaded houses or mud brick houses can only be used as temporary shelters. If there are no big trees and no courtyard walls, the roof will not be able to climb up for a while. At this time, it is necessary to grasp the fixture and call for help from others.

4. After the flood, in order to prevent the epidemic of diseases, the accumulated water and dirt should be removed first; Ventilation and drying, spraying disinfectant to prevent infectious diseases and mosquitoes and flies from breeding. Take preventive drugs to avoid infectious diseases. If there is an infectious case, it must be treated in isolation. Household appliances should be cleaned and disinfected, and damp and moldy items should be ventilated.

If it rains heavily in the mountainous area, flash floods will occur within half an hour. Mountain torrents are fierce, fast in velocity, strong in scouring ability and destructive, which will cause serious disasters in mountainous areas.

6. When flash floods occur, primary and secondary school students should be escorted by teachers when crossing the river. When the water is knee deep, singles can't cross the river, and when the water is waist deep, no one can cross the river.

7. If you are washed down by the river in an accident, you should be clear-headed and try to catch the floating objects in the river or the roots and forks on the shore to escape.

8. When the mountain torrents rise rapidly and the teacher can't escort them across the river, all the students have to go back to school for the night.

9. During the summer vacation, it is raining cats and dogs on the mountain. When you enter the valley to take shelter from the rain, you should prevent landslides, rolling stones and collapses. In thunderstorm weather, the water in the valley rises quickly, so we have to move to a higher place, but we can't stay under the big tree or run to the top of the mountain to avoid being hurt by lightning.

10, the wires are drooping, and you can't touch them with your hands or body; When the low power line has been washed away by the river, you can't stay by the river, let alone cross the river here. When the water depth is less than one meter, the fluctuation of water potential is not obvious, and several pupils have to cross the river. Teachers can organize the following measures: tie everyone's waist into a straight line with long rope, schoolbag belt and kettle belt, and connect their hands tightly, and cross the river obliquely in the same direction as the current to reduce the resistance of the current.

1 1. When the road collapses, the bridge is washed away, or the road is cut off by the middle, and there is a torrent passing through, you can only "temporarily take refuge" in a safe place, and you must never force it through.

12. When roads in mountainous areas are blocked due to landslide accumulation, they should bypass the mountain and pass through the upper part of the landslide surface.

13. When the culvert of the bridge is washed away by flood, the river is in an emergency and the bridge deck is still collapsing, never risk crossing the river by force.

14. When the high-voltage pole falls and the wire is perpendicular to the road, it should be kept away to prevent electric shock; The second is to report to the relevant departments for timely maintenance. At this moment, we must not muddle through.

15. If there is a mudslide, we should be clear that the mud and stone broke out from the top of the ditch with a loud noise like a thunderbolt. No matter day or night, when sheltering from the rain in the house, as long as you hear this sound, you should quickly run outside and transfer to the top of the mountain. Debris flow broke out in a short time, and it was too late to find and carry food and drinks. The transfer route should be selected in advance, and obstacles along the way should be removed to avoid injuries caused by pumice and landslides when going up the mountain quickly. At the same time, lightning strikes and wire injuries should be prevented.

Fourth, hail disaster.

1. In midsummer, it suddenly hails on the way to school or school, so use rain gear to protect your head; If you forget to bring rain gear, you should protect your head with your arms. At this time, you should run to a safe "temporary shelter" quickly.

2. When the hail has accumulated to a certain thickness on the ground and cannot be melted for a while, don't go barefoot because of curiosity, because the water temperature is very low, which is easy to cause frostbite.

When it hails, don't rush to the door to pick up the ice, which is the most likely time to hurt your head.

During the rainstorm, the wires may freeze and break, or sag. Do not touch the wires to avoid electric shock. Common sense of preventing natural disasters