Travel Notes of Six Countries (8) Budapest, Hungary

20 17 at 8: 30am on June 26th, we left the hotel by bus and bid farewell to Bratislava. After more than 200 kilometers, we arrived in Budapest, the capital of Hungary, at around 0: 30 on June 26th, 20 165438.

I know very little about Hungary: I only remember that Mr. Lu Xun translated a poem by Hungarian poet petofi: "Life is precious, but love is more expensive; If you die freely, you can throw both "; I remember 1956 there was a so-called "Hungarian incident", which was suppressed after the Soviet Union sent troops to Budapest. I learned something when I came to Hungary this time.

Hungary, which China called Madzar in ancient times, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. In 896 AD, Madzar People's Congress Chief arpad led seven Madzar tribes to migrate westward from the western foothills of the Ural Mountains and the Volga River bend, and settled in today's Hungarian plain. This is the beginning of the history of the Kingdom of Hungary. Legend has it that a big crow led the Madzar tribe out of the Asian grassland and came here. The sword in the crow's mouth fell on the castle hill, so magyars settled here.

Hungary is poor in resources, but beautiful in mountains and rivers, with many magnificent and distinctive buildings. Budapest, the capital, is located on the Danube River and is an ancient historical city in Europe. Known as the "Pearl on the Danube", it has been listed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO. Hungary's unique natural scenery and cultural landscape attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.

We came to the foot of Gailit Mountain and looked up at Fisherman's Castle. We were immediately shocked by its majestic momentum. We see the spire of magaz Cathedral in the middle rising into the sky, and there are seven spire-type bunkers representing seven magyars tribes symmetrically distributed on both sides. Fisherman's Castle is dominated by gray limestone, and its architecture combines neo-Gothic and neo-Romanesque styles, adding Hungarian national characteristics.

Walking up the steps and onto the observation deck, you can get a panoramic view of Budapest. Buda and Perth on both sides of the Danube River, although merged with 1.20 years ago, still retain their own styles and features: Buda in Hexi is built on gently undulating hills, and the Magash Church with a history of more than 700 years is ancient and mysterious, symbolizing the seven minarets of seven tribes in magyars, telling the vicissitudes of the Millennium, and it is also a residential area for the rich; Pace, on the east bank of the river, is located on the endless plain, where there are magnificent buildings such as Parliament Building, Heroes Square and St. istvan Cathedral. It is a solemn administrative center and cultural center. In the bustling commercial street, tourists flow all day long. Standing here, you can have a panoramic view of the Capitol, but because it is cloudy, the scenery is not so clear. It is said that the best time to take pictures here is afternoon or evening.

We climbed the stone steps on the left, passed a stone arch, and saw the bronze riding statue of Hungarian King istvan standing in Fisherman's Fort Square. It is said that around 1000 AD, istvan converted to Roman Catholicism and became the first Christian king in Hungary, and was later posthumously sealed.

In the center of Fisherman's Fort Square, magaz Cathedral stands tall. /kloc-in the middle of the 3rd century, King IV. Bella built this neo-Gothic church. /kloc-In the 5th century, King Magas built a steeple bell tower on the south side, and the whole church was named Magash Church. Because the coronation ceremonies of Hungarian kings in past dynasties were held here, it is also called "Coronation Church". Now it has become one of the symbols of Budapest.

We climbed the wall of Fisherman's Fort, which is the best place to take photos and have a better view of magaz Cathedral. We were deeply impressed by its exquisite appearance sculpture. Go ahead, you can enter the steeple and look out through the arched window. Further on, you can see Perth across the Danube, the Parliament Building and many bridges on the Danube, including the famous chain bridge.

At the appointed time, after we assembled, we went out from the southwest corner of Yufubao Square and headed for the boarding place. Looking back at magaz Cathedral at this time, I feel even more magnificent. In the square of the Trinity (Father, Son and Holy Spirit) in the south, a memorial column is erected to commemorate the undead who died of the plague in Europe in the14th century. One third of Europeans (more than 20 million people) died in this huge disaster. This kind of memorial column can be seen in many cities in Europe. At the exit of Castle Square, there is a small bronze model of magaz Cathedral, and several Hungarian children are playing around.

We waited for the bus by the roadside. At the foot of the mountain is a residential area. Among the dense roofs of various colors, the green spires of several churches are particularly abrupt. After visiting the fisherman's castle, a group of students walked down the hillside under the guidance of the teacher.

Our bus, crossing the Danube Bridge, came from Buda in the west to Perth in the east. The buildings on both sides of the street look very old, but each building, such as the Hungarian National Opera House, has different styles and unique styles, which makes people have to admit that Budapest is worthy of being an architectural art museum.

In the center of the square is a 36-meter-high Millennium Monument. On the top of the monument stands a statue of the archangel Gabriel. In his right hand, he holds the sacred crown of St. istvan, the first Hungarian king, and in his left hand, he holds a double cross. This cross with two bars is also called the Archbishop's Cross, or Byzantine Cross. There is also this kind of cross on the national emblem of Hungary, representing the unity of politics and religion. At the lower end of the monument, there is a group of bronze knights, with arpad as the leader in the middle and the leaders of seven tribes behind them.

If the Millennium Monument symbolizes the founding pioneer of Hungary, then the two arc colonnades in the rear symbolize the successors of past dynasties. There are seven bronze statues under each colonnade, arranged in chronological order. They are all outstanding kings and national heroes in Hungarian history, including King Istvan I and King Margash I..

At the top of the two colonnades, there are four statues: one is a man driving a carriage with a snake as a whip, symbolizing war, and the opposite is the goddess holding an olive branch, symbolizing peace; There are also men with sickles ready to harvest, and women with seeds sowing, which means "getting rich through labor"; The corresponding statue means "knowledge and honor".

On both sides of Heroes Square are art museums and modern art museums with ancient Roman architectural style. The relief on the red brick wall on the side of the art gallery is very beautiful.

Go through the middle of the colonnade and you will enter the city park area. The city park was built in 18 17, with an area of about 1 km2. There are hot springs, zoos, playgrounds and botanical gardens, which belong to a compound park suitable for all ages.

This romantic Jacques church is said to have been built with reference to a13rd century church near the Austrian border town of Jacques. The main entrance of the church is triangular and gradually changes into a back arch beam with more than a dozen carved figures on it. The whole church is elegant and exquisite.

Szechenyi Tiesuo Bridge was famous a long time ago. When I first entered Budapest, I passed it and saw it from Fisherman's Castle. Now we need to get close to it. It is reported that in 1820, cavalry commander Szechenyi had to rush to the other side to attend his father's funeral, but due to the bad weather, the wooden pontoon bridge could not pass, so he had to wait for a whole week before crossing the river. From then on, he decided to build a bridge over the Danube. After raising enough funds, he invited British designers and architects to build the chain bridge, a landmark building in Budapest today, in seven years.

Chain Bridge is the oldest and grandest of the nine bridges connecting Buda and Perth. At both ends of the bridge, there is a neoclassical arch, which looks like the Arc de Triomphe in Paris, and a pair of lion sculptures. The paws of four lions cling to the river bank, symbolizing the close connection between Buda and Pace. There are two lanes in the middle of the bridge and sidewalks on both sides of the bridge. Pedestrians can walk from this bank to the other side.

Some people say that it is difficult to fully appreciate the charm of Budapest without walking on the iron cable bridge. So, we went to the bridge and went back and forth. When we walk to the middle of the bridge, we can see the scenery on both sides of the Danube River in the distance: the Fisherman's Fort and the steeple of magaz Cathedral on the other side: the Danube River flows slowly under its feet, and the sightseeing boat passes under the bridge and sails to the distance; Looking back, you can see the Capitol in the bright sunshine. Go to the other side of the bridge, look back at the whole chain bridge, and then walk back to the east bank, walking all the way, patting the scenery on the bridge, feeling very happy.

From the iron chain bridge, we went to the Capitol. The Parliament Building facing the Danube was also built in 1896 to celebrate the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1000. The main design of the building is intended to imitate the British Parliament Building, but at the same time, it has also made some breakthroughs and innovations, incorporating Hungarian national characteristics. The Capitol is milky white with a 96-meter-high red conical dome and a Renaissance-style hexagon. There are two 72-meter-high white minarets in front of it, with symmetrical square corners on both sides of the dome and 22 small green bronze minarets on the top. The combination of red, green and white is the color matching of the Hungarian flag. The whole building * * * used 400,000 bricks and 6,543.8+0,000 precious stones, used 40 kilograms of gold as building materials, and comprehensively adopted advanced equipment such as electric lights, elevators, mechanical ventilation and air conditioning, showing how luxurious it was at that time!

The Hungarian flag stands in Kossut Square, and the guards stand guard. There is a pool on the east side of the square, and the children are playing with water. The building diagonally opposite the Parliament Building is the National Museum, formerly the Royal Palace, and now it is one of the largest theme museums in Europe. On the left side of the building wall, there are still bullet marks left by the Soviet army when shooting at 1956, and there is a statue nearby. It is estimated that he should be the former Hungarian leader Najib who was killed after the "Hungarian incident".

We walked past the South Square of the Capitol. There is also a knight statue in the square, but I don't know who he is.

We walked down the steps and returned along the sidewalk on the Danube. Seen from this direction, the Capitol is more magnificent against the blue sky and under the bright sunshine. There are many turrets and spires erected in the whole building, and the huge red dome in the middle is in sharp contrast with the white tower in front. It is said that the dome structure is rarely used in Gothic architecture, because Gothic architecture should show the feeling of going straight into the sky, so it is characterized by a thin structure rather than a spacious spherical dome. However, the combination of the red dome and the white tower of the Hungarian parliament building has become its most unique highlight.

The last tourist attraction today is istvan Cathedral. It is located in Zrins Street in Budapest, and it was also built to celebrate the anniversary of the founding of Hungary 1896. The bus took us to the street behind the church and then drove away because we couldn't stop. We walked around the square in front of the church from the left, and saw that the church is also a dome and two sharp bell towers, which are 96 meters high. Like the Parliament Building, it is the tallest building in Budapest. The ground in front of the church gate is inlaid with circular color patterns; There is a beautiful statue on the high wall above and on both sides of the gate. It is said that the interior decoration of the church is magnificent, and the right hand of King Istvan is preserved.

Due to the limited visit time, we didn't visit the church, but went back to the back of the church and waited for the bus to pick us up. At this time, the sunset in the west is hanging on the bell tower on the left side of the church, and the golden sunshine shines through the arched window, which is very beautiful.

After a day's visit to Budapest, I always have a question in my mind: Hungary, as a medium-sized country in Europe, built such magnificent buildings as Parliament Building, Heroes Square and istvan Cathedral on such a large scale more than/kloc-0.00 years ago. How can it have so much financial resources? (To be continued)

Note: The travel photos of Deborah, Hungary and Austria-America were all taken by the author.