Summary of regional geographical knowledge points

Induction of regional geographical knowledge points

1, the ratio of the distance on the scale map to the actual distance (text type, number type, line type)

2. Direction ① North Method ② refers to North Method ③ Latitude and longitude method.

3. Legend and Notes ① Symbols ② Words and Numbers

4. Interpretation of contour topographic map ① Ridges and valleys ② Steep slopes and gentle slopes ③ Cliffs.

5. Drawing method of topographic profile ① Establish abscissa ② Establish ordinate ③ Draw intersection ④ Connect lines.

6. The four points in the territory are Mohe (53 N), Zengmu shoal (4° N), Pamir (73 E) and Wusuli River (135 E).

More than 72,000 kilometers of land and land neighbors. Neighboring countries: 15 (North Korea, Mongolia, Hajita, Aba, Indonesia, Shiwu, Laos, Myanmar)

8. The coastline of the mainland18,000 kilometers. Yalu River Estuary to Beilun River Estuary.

9. Countries across the sea: Japan, South Korea, Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia.

10, the territorial sea and inland sea extend from the coastal baseline to the sea area of 12 nautical mile. Bohai Sea and Qiongzhou Strait.

1 1, the main islands and peninsulas are Taiwan Province Province Island, Hainan Island and Chongming Island. Shandong Peninsula, Liaodong Peninsula and Leizhou Peninsula.

12. Three-level administrative divisions: provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government), counties (autonomous counties) and townships (towns).

13. Name, abbreviation, provincial capital and location of provincial administrative regions: 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government. Hong Kong and Macao are special administrative regions.

14, the population of China is 1.295 million (the fifth census in 2000 was 1 1.05),1.300 million (1.05).

15, the outstanding characteristics of China population ① large population base ② rapid population growth.

16, the national characteristic of China is that it is less mixed.

17. The main features of the terrain are diverse, with a vast mountainous area and a stepped distribution.

18. The main mountain ranges and their distribution are east-west, northeast-southwest, northwest-southeast and north-south.

19, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (cold), Inner Mongolia (flat), Loess (loess), Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (rugged)

20. great basin Tarim (largest), Junggar (northernmost), Qaidam (highest) and Sichuan Basin.

2 1, northeast plain, north China plain and middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River plain.

22. The main hills are Liaodong hills, Shandong hills, Jiangnan hills and southeast coastal hills.

23. The influence of topography on the geographical environment of China ① Climate ② Traffic ③ Hydraulic power.

24. The temperature in China is in tropical, subtropical, warm temperate zone, middle temperate zone, cold temperate zone and alpine region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

25. General characteristics of temperature distribution in winter and summer ① It is hot in the south and cold in the north, with a large temperature difference between north and south. ② The temperature difference between north and south is small, and the temperature in China is generally high.

26. The distribution of annual precipitation is characterized by a gradual decrease from the southeast coast to the northwest inland. 200mm, 400mm, 800mm,1600mm.

27. The passing of rain belt and the seasonal variation of precipitation.

May (Nanling), June (Yangtze River Basin), July and August (North China and Northeast China) and September.

28. Dry and wet areas, semi-humid areas, semi-arid areas and arid areas in China.

29. Monsoon and non-monsoon areas are affected by the summer monsoon. Daxinganling-Yinshan-Helan Mountain-Bayankala-Gangdise Mountain

30. The climatic characteristics and their causes in China are complex and diverse, and the continental monsoon climate is remarkable. It has a vast territory and complex terrain.

3 1, disastrous weather drought, flood, cold wave and typhoon in China.

32. The boundary between outflow and inflow of China.

Daxinganling-Yinshan-Helan Mountain-Qilian Mountain (East End)-200mm Annual Isorainfall Line

33. Tarim River, the main inland river.

34. The main freshwater lakes are Poyang Lake (Jiangxi), Dongting Lake (Hunan), Taihu Lake, Hongze Lake (Jiangsu) and Chaohu Lake (Anhui).

The main saltwater lakes are Qinghai Lake (Qinghai) and Namco (Tibet).

36. Hydrological characteristics of rivers: water level, discharge, sediment concentration and ice age.

37. Overview of the source of the Yangtze River (Tanggula Mountain) and division of the upper, middle and lower reaches (Yichang and Hukou)

38. Minjiang River, Jialing River, Wujiang River, Hanjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Ganjiang River and Huangpu River are the main tributaries of the Yangtze River.

39, the development and utilization of the Yangtze River Gezhouba, the Three Gorges golden waterway.

40. Overview of the source of the Yellow River (Bayan Kara), the upper, middle and lower reaches (estuary and old Jin Meng).

4 1, Fenhe River and Weihe River, the main tributaries of the Yellow River

42. The development and utilization of the Yellow River includes Longyangxia, Lijiaxia, Liujiaxia, Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi.

43. Xijiang, Beijiang and Dongjiang rivers in the Pearl River system.

44. The Beijing-Hangzhou Canal includes six provinces and cities (Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang) and five major water systems (sea, yellow river, Huaihe River and Changqian River).

45. Main modes of transportation and their characteristics: railway, highway, waterway, aviation and pipeline (volume, speed and freight rate).

46. The railway trunk lines are 5 vertical lines and 3 horizontal lines (Beijing-Shanghai, Beijing-Kowloon, Jingguang, Liu Jiao, Baocheng-Cheng Kun, Bao Jing, Longhai, Zhejiang-Jiangxi-Hunan-Guizhou).

47. Major railway hubs include Beijing, Zhengzhou, Zhuzhou, Xuzhou, Shanghai, Shangqiu, Nanchang, Luoyang, Baoji and Kunming.

48. The foreign trade ports of the Yangtze River are Yibin, Chongqing, Yichang, Wuhan, Jiujiang, Wuhu, Nanjing, Zhangjiagang, Nantong and Shanghai.

49. Fourteen coastal open port cities, Daqintian, Yanqing Company and Wen Ning in the south and Fu Guang Station in the north.

50. The main commercial centers are Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Xi.

5 1, the main tourist resources are natural scenery, cultural treasures, revolutionary holy places and ethnic customs.

52. The world's land and sea1490,000 square kilometers, and the ocean1100,000 square kilometers.

53. Submarine topography: continental shelf, continental slope, ocean floor, trench and ridge.

54. Distribution of main races in the world: white, yellow and black.

55. Countries and regions with a population of over 100 million in the world rank in the top six.

56. Location and scope of geographical divisions in the world, including Asia, Africa, North and South America, Antarctica and Europe.

57. Characteristics of major countries, cities and regions in the world

Japan, India, Egypt, Germany, Russia, USA, Brazil, Australia.