Where are the four major drug producing areas in the world? What is the "Golden Triangle"

"Golden Triangle" refers to a triangle located in the border areas of Thailand, Myanmar and Laos in Southeast Asia. Because this area is rich in opium and other drugs, it is the main drug producing area in the world and is known as the "Golden Triangle". The "Golden Triangle" covers Shan, Kachin, Chiang Rai, Langnanta, phongsaly province, Udomsay in northern Chiang Mai and Luang Prabang in western China, with more than 3,000 villages and towns. The total area is 6.5438+0.94 million square kilometers.

Because most of the "Golden Triangle" areas are in mountainous areas above 1000 meters above sea level, the climate is hot, the rainfall is abundant, and the soil is fertile, which is very suitable for the growth of poppies. In addition, the dense jungle, rugged roads, blocked traffic and the remoteness of the three countries provide unique political, economic, geographical and climatic conditions for poppy cultivation.

165438+20051October 4th, located in a hotel in the jungle of qingsheng county, northern Thailand. Qingsheng County, located on the Thai side of the "Golden Triangle", was a famous drug source in the past. Since the implementation of the alternative planting policy, the local poppy cultivation has fallen sharply. In order to help local farmers find jobs, the Thai authorities have also vigorously promoted the development of tourism, and now it has become one of the most popular tourist attractions for foreign tourists. By the 1960s, it had become one of the four major drug producing areas famous for its abundant opium, and a golden area for poppy cultivation, refining, trafficking and smuggling. For a long time, there are many anti-drug armed forces and other drug armed forces here, so it is also called "the paradise of adventurers".

Jinxinyue No.2

The "Golden Crescent" is located at the junction of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran. It is called "Golden Crescent" because its geographical shape is similar to that of a crescent moon, and it is rich in highly profitable drug opium. The "Golden Crescent" area includes Pakistan's Northwest Frontier Province and Baluchistan Province, Iran's Sistan-Baluchistan Province, Afghanistan's Reggie and Nuristan.

The "Golden Crescent" area is sparsely populated, with inconvenient transportation and dry climate, mainly inhabited by Patan and Baluchi people who are famous for their martial arts. For a long time, they have maintained their traditional national style and personality, and freely traveled to and from the border areas of the three countries. Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran * * * failed to manage effectively, making this region a major opium producing area in the world.

In the late 1970s, due to the dry weather, the opium harvest in the "Golden Triangle" region of Southeast Asia was poor, and the demand for drugs such as heroin on the black market was in short supply, and the price soared. At this time, poppy growers of the "Golden Crescent" seized the good opportunity of rising drug prices, expanded their planting area and entered the traditional overseas market of the "Golden Triangle". It is an important producer of opium drugs in the world, second only to the "Golden Triangle".

198 1 year, the opium production in the "Golden Crescent" area reached more than 800 tons, twice the total opium production in the "Golden Triangle" and Mexico. However, since 1986, the opium production of the "Golden Triangle" has recovered rapidly and increased sharply, once again replacing the "Golden Crescent" as the main heroin producing area in the world. Despite this, the opium production of the "Golden Crescent" has developed rapidly, and it has always maintained the second position in opium and heroin production.

At the end of the 20th century, due to ethnic conflicts, religious conflicts and wars, the "Golden Crescent" drug economic circle rose again, making it replace the "Golden Triangle" and become the largest opium drug producer in the world.

The poppy planting area of "Golden Crescent" is about 1 1 000 hectares, and the annual opium output has been kept between 3,000 tons and 4,000 tons. According to United Nations statistics, in 2003, the opium output of "Golden Crescent" reached 3,600 tons, and it is expected to exceed 4,000 tons in 2004. Besides opium and heroin, it also produces marijuana and cocaine. Besides, it is the gateway to Europe and America, and drugs can be transported from Turkey, Pakistan and Iran to all parts of Europe and America. The "Golden Crescent" has now become a link and continental bridge connecting the drug trade between Europe and Asia.

3 Silver Triangle

"Silver Triangle" Latin America: Its centers are Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia and Peru. Among them, Ecuador and Colombia border the Amazon region, about 50 kilometers, which is the central area controlled by Colombian drug dealers. The situation is similar to the "golden triangle" in Asia, and people call it the "golden triangle" in South America. Peru, Colombia and Bolivia are the most important coca growers and cocaine producers in this region. According to the World Drug Report: 1997 published by the United Nations, the cocaine production of these three countries exceeds 98% of the global total, and the global coca leaf cultivation area is 220,000 hectares, of which Peru accounts for12, and Colombia and Bolivia each account for14.

4 black triangle

The "Black Triangle" is a drug base in Africa, including the border areas of Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Sudan and South Africa. Its "fist product" is marijuana. In Africa, cannabis is the main drug cultivated, trafficked and abused. The area under cannabis cultivation in South Africa alone exceeds 82,000 hectares.

In addition, Africa is also the main transit point for drug trafficking in the world, while Morocco is the main distribution center for transporting marijuana from Africa to the European drug market. Drugs such as marijuana in Africa's "black triangle", opium and heroin in Asia's "golden triangle" and "golden crescent" are transported to Europe and other parts of the world in large quantities through seaports, airports and expressway in many African countries.