From the numerous Northern Expeditions, what are Zhuge Liang's outstanding points?

Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi are very similar, not referring to character and virtue, but to experience. Both of them are in charge of the army as civil servants, and both of them have done a good job.

The difference between the two is that Zhuge Liang is in charge of military affairs by taking charge of the court power, while Sima Yi is in charge of the court power by military affairs. On the other hand, Zhuge Liang fulfilled Sima Yi.

Before Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition, the focus of Cao Wei was Huainan and Jingzhou. He fought with Dongwu from time to time, and paid insufficient attention to the western region of Liang Yong. Maybe he thinks Shu Han's strength is the worst, so he just keeps honest and never goes to war easily. However, after Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang did this to accumulate the strength of Shu Han. Is it honest? It took a long time.

In the 6th year of Jian Xing in Shu Han Dynasty (AD 228), Zhuge Liang made his first Northern Expedition, threatened to attack the valley with praise and slanting, and sent Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi as suspected soldiers. He personally led the army out of Qishan and attacked Longyou.

As a result of the first Northern Expedition, many people already know that Ma Su was defeated by Zhang He in Jieting, Zhuge Liang lost the initiative, and the number of troops was not dominant, so he had to move a part of the population to Hanzhong, which ended in nothing. Zhuge Liang did not have an advantage militarily in this Northern Expedition, but it also caused a lot of trouble to Cao Wei.

Cao Rui not only sent Cao Zhen and Zhang He to lead 65,438+10,000 troops to war, but also personally settled the situation in Chang 'an, showing Zhuge Liang's influence on Cao Wei. At that time, there were even rumors that Cao Rui died in Luoyang, the capital of Wei, and Cao Zhi ascended the throne. This is another supplementary evidence that Zhuge Liang's army had a great influence on Cao Wei.

Zhuge Liang confronted Sima Yi in the fourth Northern Expedition. Although the second and third northern expeditions were divided into two times, they were adjacent in time. At this time, Cao Wei was attacking Wu Dong and Zhuge Liang was attacking Chencang. The main purpose should be to relieve the pressure on Wu Dong. As for taking Chen Cang, Zhuge Liang probably won't take it.

When the grain ran out, Zhuge Liang withdrew from Chen Cang. Wei attacked and was beheaded by Zhuge Liang, indicating that Zhuge Liang took the initiative to retreat. Say it's withdrawing troops, but don't fight Chen Cang. Zhuge Liang turned and ran to the northwest and captured Wudu and Yin Ping counties. This is the third Northern Expedition.

Judging from the final result, Zhuge Liang's attack on Chen Cang may be a lose-lose, if not to relieve Wu Dong's pressure and excuse himself. In any case, the second and third attacks on Shu Han did not cause great losses. They not only killed Xinmeile Co., Ltd., but also won great victories in Wudu and Yin Ping counties.

Zhuge Liang's constant harassment made Cao Wei miserable. In 230 AD, in the second year of Zhuge Liang's three strikes, Cao Rui sent three armies, Cao Zhen, Sima Yi and Zhang He, to attack Shu, but they ended in vain because of the weather.

In February, 23 1 year, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition. At this time, Cao Zhen died, and Sima Yi took charge of Guanzhong, leading the troops against Zhuge Liang for the first time.

Before Sima Yi went to war, Zhang He suggested that we divide our troops and station in the Yong-Yan line to stop Zhuge Liang from attacking. Sima Yi disagreed. He believes that dividing troops will only reduce his combat effectiveness and is not conducive to fighting Zhuge Liang. Sima Yi has only one plan, to find Zhuge Liang's main force, and to rush over and crush each other with strength (Cao Wei's army is under siege).

Zhuge Liang will not fight against Sima Yi's main force. The population of Shu Han is not comparable to that of Cao Wei, so it is difficult to train a soldier. He found that Sima Yi's rear was empty, so he left some soldiers to continue to attack Qishan, and he led his army to bypass Sima Yi and attack Shangguan.

Zhuge Liang attacked Shangguan in order to get rations. The new grain in Cao Wei's field near Shangguan has not been harvested yet. After Zhuge Liang won this part of the grain, he had the strength to fight again. Fei Yao and Guo Huai who stayed in Shangguan would naturally stop Zhuge Liang, but Zhuge Liang killed them. After harvesting the new wheat, the army of Shu and Han moved its target again.

Zhang He told Sima Yi that Zhuge Liang was short of food and grass and didn't have to catch up. When he has no food, he will retreat. Sima Yi, perhaps to prove himself, must defeat Zhuge Liang head-on and ignore Zhang He's suggestion. Sima Yi has been chasing Zhuge Liang. Which one could it be? Hit and run? Another explanation of Wuhou (The Book of Jin records that Sima Yi defeated Zhuge Liang), who can tell it clearly?

Sima Yi was the commander in chief, so Zhang He had to obey orders and continue to pursue Zhuge Liang. Cao Wei's army chased out the wooden door and fought with Zhuge Liang. Cao Wei's rider Zhang He was shot dead by Shu Han. Cao Wei's riding general is the highest-ranking general who died in battle, second only to the general.

Many people in modern times thought that Zhang He's death was Sima Yi? Conspiracy? This idea is a bit naive.

At this time, Cao Rui was in the prime of life, and Sima Yi had just taken over the power in Guanzhong. Why did he dare to usurp the power of Cao Wei? Does he know that he will outlive Cao Rui? Or did Sima Yi calculate that Zhuge Liang would definitely kill Zhang He? If you really think so, it is better to think that Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi have discussed it in advance.

Zhang He was killed by Sima Yi, not by Sima Yi's conspiracy. General idea? He didn't expect that Zhang He, who is famous for his prudence, would die at the hands of Zhuge Liang.

Zhang He is famous for his caution. At first, Cao Cao asked him to be Xia's lieutenant. Because Xia is impatient, he needs a cautious person to observe.

It was with this defeat that Sima Yi adopted the advice of the dead Zhang He? Not directly with Zhuge Liang. Zhuge Liang's last northern expedition, stationing troops in Wuzhangyuan, confronted Sima Yi in Weinan. Zhuge Liang challenged several times, but Sima Yi just couldn't hold on, waiting for Zhuge Liang to run out of food and grass.

Cao Wei did not respond to the enemy's provocations several times, which dealt a great blow to his morale. In order to appease the generals, Sima Yi put pressure on the generals in the name of Xin Pi's observance: It's not that I don't want to beat Zhuge Liang, but that my superiors don't allow it. Even if there is Xin Pi, Sima Yi? Afraid of Shu as a tiger? The brand has also spread.

Jin Shu? "Xuandi Ji" also recorded one thing. In order to force Sima Yi to fight, Zhuge Liang gave him women's clothes and laughed at Sima Yi for not being a man. Even if it was so humiliating, Sima Yi didn't come out to play Zhuge Liang.

The emperor (Sima Yi) couldn't get out because the emperor left a woman's jewelry. ? Jin Shu? Xuandi Ji

Zhuge Liang saw that the other side didn't send troops, and the food in Shu Han was not enough, so he thought about clearing land on the spot. Zhuge Liang intends to turn this place into a long-term garrison. I just want to say: Lord Wuhou, this is the front line. Are you like this? Lai? Don't go, that's great, Cao Wei don't face?

Dividing troops and fixing fields is the basis of long-term defense. The tillers are mixed among the residents of Weibin, which is covered by the people and selfless by the army. ? Reflection? Zhugeliangchuan

Zhuge Liang was able to settle the fields in front, indicating that Cao Wei's control over Liang Yong declined, and Zhuge Liang gained the upper hand at this time. Although he gained a strategic advantage over Guanzhong, Wuhou himself had no time.

If Zhuge Liang is given another year (Zhuge Liang died in 234 and Cao Rui died in 239), he may not be able to enter the Central Plains, and it is probably no problem to win Guanzhong.

Zhuge Liang and Sima Yi, the fourth Northern Expedition, Zhuge Liang won completely. The fifth northern expedition could not tell who won or lost. Sima Yi knew that he was no match for Zhuge Liang on the battlefield, so he thought about taking advantage of Zhuge Liang's lack of food and grass, hoping to defeat each other.

Do it. Know yourself and yourself? In order to be an army commander, Sima Yi has done a good job in this respect. Knowing that you can't compare with your opponent, you are still hard. That man is headstrong, not a general. Sima Yi, isn't it? Afraid of Shu as a tiger? Only then have self-knowledge.

Sima Yi wanted to wait for Wuhou to run out of food and grass, but he didn't know Zhuge Liang was leaving. You have a good plan. I have a ladder, everything has its vanquisher! If there is no weather, who knows what will happen in the end?