Human measures to protect the natural environment

In the main peak of Wumeng Mountain system in northeast Yunnan, there is such a pearl embedded: mountainous, but separated by continuous cultural exchange and integration. It has little publicity, but it is difficult to hide the original richness and beauty of its cultural treasures. When it officially stood in front of the world as a famous historical and cultural city, people were attracted by its unique charm, amazed by its rich cultural heritage and fascinated by it. ...

There are more than 100 halls and temples left by the elderly, more than 2,000 black-necked cranes left in the world, the world's largest ancient coin-"Jiajing" (weighing 4 1.47 kg), and a group of celebrities who have lived in Huize for generations, such as the founding father Tang. However, for a long time, due to the increasing population, serious deforestation, excessive reclamation of steep slopes, serious destruction of forest and grass vegetation, and gradual decline in forest coverage, people who should rely on mountains to eat mountains have not benefited from it, but have been plagued by barren hills and hills, which directly led to poverty and backwardness. People can only look forward to the return of green in painful patience.

In order to improve the ecological environment of Huize County, located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River, protect their homes, advocate youth league members and the masses to establish green civilization awareness and ecological environment awareness, promote the construction of Huize ecological environment, and create a good social atmosphere for protecting the ecological environment, combined with the implementation of the "Protect Mother River" action, with the efforts of the Huize County Committee of the Communist Youth League and the strong concern and support of the Communist Youth League Central Committee, the Communist Youth League Provincial Committee, the county party Committee and the county government, The implementation of the national key project for the development of the western region and the only large-scale grassland vegetation restoration and improvement project of the Communist Youth League system in our county, "Protecting the natural grassland vegetation restoration and construction project in Huize County of the mother river", has opened a new page for our county to carry forward the spirit of volunteerism, spread ecological civilization and build a green home.

First, extensive publicity and education to create an environment-friendly atmosphere.

In order to make the awareness of ecological environment deeply rooted in people's hearts and guide more teenagers and the public to consciously devote themselves to the great cause of protecting the mother river and the ecological environment, the Communist Youth League Committee has been actively expanding publicity channels. In addition to using group news, billboards, newspapers and other publicity to protect the awareness of ecological environment, it has also held many activities such as environmental protection knowledge lectures and speech competitions. At the same time, the National Mother River Protection Day, Arbor Day, Earth Day, World Water Day and other activities are used to carry out publicity and education activities with the theme of "Young Volunteers in Action" and "Little Green Guardian", vigorously advocate the awareness of protecting the mother river and the ecological environment among the majority of young people, advocate young people to "plant green, protect their lives, save resources and fight pollution" every year, and extensively organize young volunteers from government agencies and schools in the county to take to the streets to carry out ". Organize young volunteers to plant trees in barren hills; Carry out the essay-writing activity of "starting from small things and protecting our mother river" in the school league club. Up to now, 56 grass-roots youth league committees in the county have successively built "* * * green forests". Through these continuous publicity activities, the action of "protecting the mother river" has become a household name, attracted everyone's attention and received positive response and support from all walks of life.

Second, in-depth investigation and study to win the support of all parties.

In order to effectively promote the ecological environment protection in combination with the actual situation in Huize, the Communist Youth League Committee believes that it is particularly important to seize the great opportunity of the country's western development and choose a suitable work carrier. From 200 1, the local resources and ecological conditions in our county were investigated. Our county is located in the northeast of Yunnan, on the east bank of Jinsha River, with complex geological structure, serious vegetation destruction and a significant proportion of sloping farmland. The sloping farmland above 25 degrees accounts for 1 1.46% of the county's cultivated land area. Large-scale grassland improvement and artificial planting of high-quality pasture can not only solve the forage problem of livestock, but also improve and restore vegetation quickly, enhance rainwater infiltration rate, reduce runoff and prevent erosion, and create a good ecological environment, which is of great significance to ecological environment protection and poverty alleviation. Therefore, doing well the restoration and construction of natural grassland in a planned and step-by-step manner, developing grassland animal husbandry, restoring forest and grass vegetation, fundamentally reversing ecological deterioration and soil erosion, and improving living environment are good foundations for realizing the sustainable development of animal husbandry in our county and even the whole rural economy.

On this basis, after many efforts and preparations, the project "Mother River Protection Action-Restoration and Construction of Natural Grassland Vegetation in Huize County" was officially launched in Dahai Township of our county, and Dahai Township, Tianba Township, Kaiche Township and luna Township were listed as townships (towns) to which the project belongs. The total investment of the project is 5.6 million yuan, including 4.6 million yuan from the central government, 500,000 yuan from the provincial finance, 300,000 yuan from the municipal government and 200,000 yuan from the county finance. Since the implementation of the project, the county government has paid nearly 654.38+million yuan of special funds for the "Mother River Protection Action" for part of the daily expenses of the green ecological monitoring station where the project is located and the daily maintenance of the project. At the same time, due to the vigorous publicity of the media and the active support of county-level units, the donation from 1 1 unit (Qu Yan Huize Branch, Water Affairs Bureau, Land and Resources Bureau, etc.) is nearly 4 1 10,000 yuan. ).

Third, expand the volunteer team and carry forward the spirit of dedication.

In August of 20001year, the Communist Youth League Committee officially announced the recruitment of young volunteers in the county TV station. In just one week, the number of applicants reached 1400, with more than 10,000 farmers, students and elderly volunteers from 56 grassroots youth league committees. In order to carry out volunteer activities smoothly, the Communist Youth League Committee reached an agreement with the party and government leaders of 23 grass-roots youth league committees (general branches and branches) in the city through consultation. Whenever the Communist Youth League Committee carries out public welfare publicity activities, the city's 240 young volunteers are not bound by the unit and are on call, obeying the task arrangement of the Youth Volunteer Work Department of the Communist Youth League Committee. Nowadays, these volunteers play an irreplaceable role in environmental protection in our county. Both urban and rural areas are active with their enthusiastic figures. Wherever they go, they spread the fire of ecological civilization and carry forward the spirit of voluntary dedication.

Fourth, build local brands and highlight the characteristics of the project.

1. The construction and management of the project are relatively standardized.

At the beginning of the project implementation, the county people's government set up a leading group with the county magistrate as the team leader, the deputy county magistrate as the deputy team leader, and the leaders of the Youth League Committee, the director of the Animal Husbandry Bureau, the director of the Forestry Bureau and the director of the Finance Bureau as the specific leaders. The Animal Husbandry Bureau is responsible for technical guidance, and the Youth League Committee is responsible for the implementation, supervision and management of activities. The four townships (towns) to which the project belongs operate in full accordance with the three mechanisms of "improving working mechanism, improving mobilization mechanism and improving management mechanism". Leading bodies with leaders in charge of each township (town) as the team leader, the secretary of the township Communist Youth League as the deputy team leader and the heads of other stations as the team members were set up respectively. Ecological monitoring stations for protecting the mother river were set up in the project towns, and * * * organized four project towns. Responsible for post-planting management, help solve problems encountered in the implementation process, monitor grassland ecology all the year round, protect grassland ecological balance, slow down soil erosion, establish a responsibility implementation system, and ensure the smooth implementation of the project.

The restoration and improvement of ecology, environment and grassland vegetation is a practical activity, which requires the teaching of advanced technology and the dissemination of advanced scientific methods. To this end, the Communist Youth League Committee contacted all relevant departments to strengthen technical training for ordinary people, especially the four townships (towns) under the jurisdiction of the project, contacted all scientific and technical personnel to go to households and communities, gave classified guidance, strengthened management, and adopted the form of "helping five farmers" (one volunteer is responsible for five farmers), centralized publicity and on-site technical training, so that farmers can basically master grass planting technology and management knowledge, and adopt different treatment methods according to different ecological types, ground and slopes. And use training opportunities to strengthen publicity and education for farmers, so that they can master the principles and policies of the party and the government, and let them understand that the direct beneficiary of planting grass is themselves, and a good living environment is the premise of sustainable economic development. When the environment improves and the economy develops, life is guaranteed. At the same time, it takes the form of "one gang one". That is, a student at school plays a helping role, publicizes environmental awareness to relatives, and drives a family to participate in environmental protection practice, or members of the leading group go to the schools of the relevant village committees to publicize the relevant knowledge of "Mother River Protection Action" and the basic situation and significance of implementing this project in their own townships (towns), so as to let them know the importance of protecting the ecological environment, thus driving the whole society to participate in project implementation and environmental protection action.

2. The project area is large and easy for public participation.

There are 4 townships (towns) in the project area, * * governs 8 village committees and 13 villagers' groups, with a total of 27,428 households, including 26,560 rural households and a total population of 10.72 million, including rural population of 10.37 million and rural labor force of 62,700. The project area is 65433. The barren hills and grassland 1.2407 million mu is divided into six categories: mountain grass, barren hills and woodlands, mountain shrubs and alpine meadows, with an average yield of 237 kg of fresh grass per mu, which is the region with the richest forage resources and the largest planting area of artificial grassland in the county. Since the launching ceremony, * * * more than 2,500 rural volunteers have joined the project construction. Up to now, the total number of participants in the whole year has exceeded 1 000, with a high mass base and great social influence.

3. High technology content and great promotion value.

Our county is located in the low latitude plateau, belonging to the compound climate type of south subtropical zone and temperate zone. It has a typical three-dimensional climate, abundant light, heat and water resources in most areas, unique plateau monsoon climate and rich three-dimensional climate characteristics, which is suitable for developing grassland animal husbandry with Yunnan characteristics. The county has 4.06 million mu of grassland, accounting for 45.9% of the total land area. There are11species in this grassland, but the community structure of different grassland types is diverse due to the influence of altitude and complex climate. From May 24th to June 5th, 2003, the leaders and technicians of the County Animal Husbandry Bureau, the County Development Planning Bureau, the Communist Youth League Committee and relevant party committees built 1 grassland ecological monitoring points, and purchased four general grassland monitoring equipment, a grassland management monitoring point of 150 square meters, a grassland management and ecological monitoring production vehicle and a meteorological monitor. Monitor meteorological factors, soil nutrients, vegetation communities, pests, soil and water conservation functions, soil animals, etc. In the project area, we have mastered some real information, such as seriously degraded grassland, barren hills and slopes, returning farmland to grassland, etc. , we will take full reclamation to plant grass, establish new vegetation, and make rational use of the recovery mode (i.e. treating the ground-clearing weeds-applying base fertilizer-treating seeds-sowing) [For the vegetation recovery of sparse woodland, mountain grass, grassland, forest grassland, shrub grassland and stony grassland with moderate or slight grassland vegetation degradation, we will take enclosure improvement, cultivation rejuvenation and light utilization (i.e. enclosure-replanting [perennial leguminous grass as the main methods]

4. Pay attention to practical results and strive for success.

Since the implementation of the project, the four townships (towns) to which the project belongs have attached great importance, carefully organized and received good results. Among them, Tianba Township has completed the restoration and construction of 6,000 mu of natural grassland in Dazhuqing in quality and quantity, and through organizing the masses and greening young volunteers to monitor the grassland for a long time, two village committees in this township 1074 households and 4,632 people directly benefited, which not only achieved the goal of "planting grass-restoring vegetation-protecting ecology-increasing livestock income-protecting mother river", but also In Tianba Middle School, the activities of beautifying and greening the campus are in full swing. The teachers and students of the whole school voluntarily donated 8307.9 yuan, and donated materials 1 18 cubic meters, with a discount of 2832 yuan. Party member teachers donated 28 green saplings at a discount of 1 120 yuan. Teachers and students used their spare time to invest 2,800 volunteers to dig more than 200 cubic meters of earth. And make full use of holidays and the National Arbor Day as an opportunity, * * * three times lasted for 20 days, mobilizing 120 government officials and workers, 32 middle school teachers, more than 8,000 people and more than 3,800 primary and secondary school students to plant 1.25 million trees voluntarily, so that 6,000 mu of barren hills were covered with green clothes, further optimizing the ecological environment of the whole town and further improving it.

On the basis of clarifying the working operation mechanism, formulating the working system, scheme and working measures, Dahai Township contacted and cooperated with relevant professional and technical departments, and organized monitoring team members to make outstanding contributions to improving 1.5 million mu and newly reclaiming 0.5 million mu of grassy hills. The ecological monitoring station in Kaiche Township publicizes and mobilizes the masses to put in their efforts in suitable seasons every year, replants more than 10% of the plots lacking seedlings and broken ridges, and carries out seedling cultivation, impurity removal and topdressing on the newly-built artificial grassland. Arrange the management and protection personnel to guard, and clarify the management authority and right to use. Implement a reasonable rotation system so that the grassland has sufficient regeneration time. At present, artificial grassland 1000 mu has been built in Dashui Changpingzi, and 5,000 mu of fences have been completed in Longtan and Dushongshu in Yaodian Village.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) social, economic and ecological benefits of project construction

(1) Economic and social benefits

65,438+0. After completion, 5 1 0,000 mu of artificial grassland and improved grassland can be added with 1 0,400 sheep units, with an annual output of 7,200 sheep, mutton output of10/5 tons, and new animal husbandry production and planting1.. The per capita income of farmers in the project area is above 20 yuan.

2. After the project is implemented, it will drive the adjustment of rural industrial structure and realize the rational allocation of resources. Promote the rational adjustment of the structure of breeding industry and realize the goal of sustainable development.

(2) Ecological benefits

1. Through the implementation of this project, 20,000 mu of forage base will be increased, 3 1000 mu of grassland will be improved by fencing, and the surface vegetation coverage rate will be increased from the current 38% to over 90%, thus improving the present situation of grassland resources in our county, increasing vegetation coverage, preventing soil erosion, reducing man-made damage and protecting people's living environment.

2. The artificial grassland and improved grassland constructed by the project are 5 1 1,000 mu, and its grass yield is equivalent to an increase of 1 1,700 mu of natural grassland.

In a word, the restoration and construction of natural grassland is the need of implementing the western development and the important content of accelerating the construction of ecological environment. During the implementation of the project of "Protecting Mother River and Restoring Natural Grassland Vegetation in Huize County", we have done a good job in the restoration and construction of natural grassland in a planned and step-by-step manner in strict accordance with the "project construction design approval, project target management responsibility system, project fund management method and project management method". Through the construction of the project, the ecological benefits are more obvious, and both economic benefits and social benefits are taken into account, which not only improves the vegetation coverage rate of natural grassland, but also solves the forage problem of livestock. It can also improve and restore vegetation, and really play a role in promoting the ecological environment protection of our county and the poverty-stricken people to get rid of poverty and become rich, and promoting the all-round economic and social development of our county.

Ecological environment is the basic condition for our survival and development. The implementation of the mother river protection action needs the understanding and support of the whole society and calls for the participation of the whole society. Care for nature, protect our ecological environment, cultivate our mother river (lake), and for the bright future of red soil plateau, let us build a green monument for mankind towards 2 1 century with love and hands.