Wang Chun's Writing Style

1. Wang Chun rewrites the composition in 300 words: tears, feelings and worries.

The sky is overcast, the weather seems to be comparable to frost, and gray rain spots hit people's heads. Standing on this bare hill, I saw the scene in front of me-it was so gloomy and cold, as if people felt that there was only endless emptiness above the gray sky. So, I bowed my head and sighed, but I saw a listless wild flower, bowed my head, bent down, shed tears and sighed. The soil on one side is as dry as pine bark, but it is still struggling on the edge of the endless valley of death. Why are you crying? Why fight? Just because the country has been scattered, I feel that I am crying because of current events! I want to block my ears! Because I don't want to hear birds singing with nowhere to run. It was a sad and mysterious sound, like the bell of death ringing, with a sense of rhythm and urgency.

A cool breeze, like a low tune, tore all my emotions. The wind, whether you have heart-rending pain or screaming at the top of your lungs, is gnawing at it and seems to destroy everything I have. My relatives and friends are far away, thousands of miles away from me. Can they hear the cruel howling of the wind? Have they received my letter from home? Perhaps, the letter from home has drifted to the boundless sky with the smoke of war, or it has been bitten by the ruthless wind and refused to let go. However, why doesn't it also devour my bitter emotions?

And then what? So that I can indulge myself in this desolate and sad early February spring.

The maple forest is dyed and the autumn leaves fall. When can I see my relatives and friends? I'm afraid the mountains will stop us. Sorrow is like late autumn, and sorrow is like thick hair, which is countless. Now even the hair is shaved short, and even the hair clasp can't be inserted.

2. Seek an article in the form of "Hope for Spring". Although a country is divided, mountains and rivers last forever, and trees and grass turn green again in spring.

Sad state, can not help but burst into tears, amazing birds, leaving sorrow and hate. The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold.

Twisting with melancholy, scratching my head and thinking, the more I scratch my white hair, I can hardly insert a hairpin. The Artistic Charm of Du Fu's Worry Consciousness in Spring Hope Du Fu is a great poet who came into being during the historical turning point of the Tang Dynasty.

He insisted on the creative principles of "learning from many teachers" and "language is not surprising and endless", and pushed "modern poetry" (new poetry style in Tang Dynasty, that is, regular poetry and quatrains) to the extreme. He personally experienced the eight-year Anshi War, so social unrest, the sufferings of the middle and lower classes, worries about state affairs, and his own misfortunes are all intertwined and fused in his representative works.

Later generations evaluated Du Fu's poems as "the history of poetry", and summarized their style characteristics with Du Fu's own "gloomy and frustrated" words (see Biography of Fu in the New Tang Dynasty). "depressed" refers to the content of poetry, that is, the deep meaning of thoughts and feelings, which has a strong sense of the times; "frustration" refers to the form, that is, changing the composition of songs and melodious language.

This feature can be clearly seen in the five-character poem "Spring Hope". In 755 AD, 1 1, An Lushan launched a mutiny in Fanyang (now southwest of Beijing) and attacked Chang 'an in June the following year.

Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty fled to West Shu. Du Fu escorted his family to take refuge in the countryside.

When he heard that Prince Hengli ascended the throne in Lingwu (now Lingwu, Ningxia) in July, he immediately left Qiang Village in Zhangzhou (now Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province) and went to the new court. He was captured by rebels and sent to occupied Chang 'an. It was not until April 757 that he fled to the Suzong court in Fengxiang (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province).

During this period, he was deeply touched by the scene and deeply touched by the state affairs, and wrote such famous articles as Moonlit Night, Day of Mourning for the King, Mourning for Qingban, Racing Deer, Mourning for the Head of the River, Snowing, Spring Hope, etc. "Spring Hope" was written in 65438+757 10, on the eve of his escape from Chang 'an.

The poem focuses on the poet's grief over the broken country, his yearning for his loved ones, his ignorance of life and death, his regrets over time and his hatred for parting. The word "hope" runs through the poem. The poem "Looking at Spring" means looking at spring.

The author is moved by the return of spring to the natural season and hopes to restore the stability and prosperity of the country. The first two sentences bear the title and write the general impression you saw from afar in spring.

The fall of the capital, the mountains and rivers remain the same, and the personnel are completely different. "Spring in the city" and "Mountains and rivers are here" ushered in the annual spring in Beijing.

After "the vegetation is deep", it is "the country breaks down and the family dies". The people fled, and the vegetation was allowed to grow wild and desolate. Both of these sentences use the turning point method, but the upper sentence is reversed and the lower sentence is straight, showing the change of composition.

The ruins of "national destruction" are in sharp contrast with the vitality of "urban spring". This contrast highlights the dilapidated scene after the fall of Chang 'an and reflects the poet's deep concern for the country and the people.

Sima Guang appreciated this couplet very much in the Song Dynasty: "The ancients were poems, which were more valuable than words, making people think and get it ... Du Zimei was the most famous poet in modern times. For example, this sentence' where the mountains and rivers are' means that there is nothing; The vegetation is deep and there is no one. "

(See Wen Gong's Continued Poem) The couplets are received in the distance, and the panorama is pushed to a close-up. There are differences in understanding these two sentences in various notes.

The point is who is "throwing tears" and who is "shocking". One explanation is that the poet himself shed tears at the flowers and was shocked by the smell of birds.

Another explanation is that the subject in the sentence is "flower", not "bird". Flowers cry because of "feeling time", and birds are frightened because of "hating farewell".

This seems unreasonable, but it actually takes advantage of empathy. Flowers and birds are natural things, but now because of the poet's special mood, I place my feelings on them and think they are human beings.

The flowers are full of dew, which means the sad time is crying and the birds are jumping. That's because of where will you go. It is more meaningful and effective to write like this than to express your inner feelings directly.

As the saying goes, "the world is sad, and the vegetation is sad" is not only a personal feeling, but also the feeling of many people who suffered from war at that time. It is difficult to describe it properly without using special expression skills.

Because from a distance to a close look, the neckline changes from looking up to looking down, and the feelings naturally change from mourning for the country to missing relatives. In the way of expression, from the feelings in the scene, it has become a direct expression of one's own mind.

"March in a row" means that the war disaster lasted until March, that is, the time to write poetry. Some notes say "refers to the first month, February and March of that year".

Or all spring. In fact, the Anshi Rebellion began in November last year, and Du Fu was trapped in Chang 'an for seven or eight months.

He once said: "Tongguan was broken last year, but his wife and children were separated for a long time" ("Shu Huai"), and "news of several States was broken, so I was worried about books" ("Snow"). The poet was trapped in Chang 'an, and the life and death of his wife and children were unknown, which led him to lament that "a letter from home is worth a ton of gold".

The interpretation of poetry is too solid, and the original intention is often misinterpreted. This poem first describes two kinds of scenery: national ruin and spring coming, and then two kinds of feelings: "feeling of time" and "hating farewell".

Here, bonfires are used to inherit the sense of time, and letters from home are used to inherit the hatred of parting, and the parting of relatives is precisely caused by the time of war. This is a link, and the composition is very rigorous.

Belinsky once said: "Any great poet is great because his pain and happiness are deeply rooted in the soil of society and history, so he has become the representative and spokesman of society, times and mankind." (See "belinsky Literature") Du Fu interweaves family worries and national worries in his poems, which profoundly shows that the personal fate of honest intellectuals is closely related to the fate of the country and the nation, with a high degree of generality and typical significance, and is the spiritual essence of "depression and frustration".

The last two sentences of this poem are the pen of genius. A few crosses make the image of a sad white-haired old man stand in front of readers.

The author looked forward to spring, but he didn't get any pleasure. Instead, he was trapped by "feeling the time" and "hating parting", and finally he was restless and scratched his head frequently. Although the poet is only forty-five years old at this time, his hair is getting less and less because he is worried all the time, and he can't even insert a hair clasp.

From the point of view of composition, this couplet unifies the two feelings of "feeling of time" and "hating farewell" expressed in front of it, and closes the whole article. The author chooses the subconscious action of scratching his hair, which turns the full sadness into a vivid image that can be seen and touched, naturally guides the reader into the artistic conception of the poem and produces a * * * sound.

The metrical form of this poem belongs to five-character style. The two couplets in the middle are antithetical sentences, which are even in part of speech, structure and tone.

3. Write Du Fu's Spring Hope in the first person. That evening, I stood on the high Mount Tai, and the scenery of the motherland was really beautiful. However, now I see that the country is still broken.

I couldn't help crying, and my mood was extremely depressed and sad. Looking at the blooming flowers, tears can't help falling, but listening to the birds singing, I can't help but feel scared.

What is wrong with me? Just because the country is ruined! Since the Anshi Rebellion, this war has been going on until now, and a letter from home is really worth thousands of dollars! Thinking of this, I can't help but get used to coquettish head, and suddenly I am surprised: Why is my hair so sparse and short? Oh, I see. In the past three months, I have experienced pain and confusion, worrying about national affairs and my family. I often feel bored and hesitant. I always scratch my head with my hands, so that my hair almost falls off! It turns out that Wu Zixu's growing old overnight is not a gap. It's only 45 years old, young, and old before old. Alas, I am sad!

4. Where is the hope of spring written? The whole article revolves around the word "Wang", and the first four sentences are lyrical and combined with the scene.

The poet set off the ruin of the country by describing Chang 'an, which is lush and sparsely populated. The first song "Although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers live forever" is shocking and has a sense of historical vicissitudes.

Wrote the sad scene of the country destroying the city. The phrase "Where the petals have fallen like tears, and the lonely bird has sang mourning" personifies the flowers and birds, feeling that the country is divided and the national affairs are difficult, and the flowers and birds in Chang 'an are all shocked by tears.

Write about spring with flowers and birds, hurt things, and express the sadness of national subjugation and parting with personification. Reflect the poet's patriotic feelings.

The poet's cross-conversion of feelings and scenery implicitly conveys the poet's sigh, anxiety and anger from climbing to farsightedness, from far and near, from weak to strong. The country is in turmoil, the war has been going on for years, the people are in poverty, and Le Shu is impassable. At this time, it is particularly valuable to receive a letter from home.

The poet reflects from the side the great pain brought by the war to the people, and the urgent mood of people wanting to know whether their loved ones are safe during the turbulent period. At the same time, it also shows the poet's deep concern for the country through hard-won letters from home.

In the last two sentences, the poet's increasingly sparse white hair can't even be inserted into the hair clasp, and the poet's anxiety and indignation are deeply and widely expressed by action. The whole poem is mixed with scenes, but it is implicit and concise, which fully embodies the artistic style of the poet's "depression and frustration"

The whole poem expresses the poet's feelings of worrying about the country, hurting his time, homesickness, self-pity and missing his loved ones. The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural, which embodies the poet's feelings of loving the motherland and caring for his family.

Modern people such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is not straight, the scenery is not smooth, the feelings are strong but not floating, the things are rich but not miscellaneous, and the meter is rigorous but not rigid." This theory is quite appropriate.

"A letter from home is worth a thousand pounds of gold" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages. In June of the first year of Germany (756), the Anshi Rebellion captured Chang 'an, Tang Dou.

In July, Du Fu heard the news of Tang Suzong's accession to the throne in Lingwu, and made his home in Qiang Village, Fū State, and went to Su Zong. On the way, he was captured by rebels and taken to Chang 'an.

He was not imprisoned because of his humble position. Hope in Spring was written in March of the following year.

The poet witnessed Chang 'an's flute falling and homesickness in adversity, and he couldn't help feeling deeply. One, two, four sentences in the poem, writing about the defeat of Spring City, are full of sighs; Three, four, two and four sentences are full of feelings about their loved ones.

The whole poem is calm, sincere and natural. "Although the country is divided, the mountains and rivers remain forever, and the vegetation turns green in spring."

At the beginning, I wrote what I saw in spring: the capital fell and the city was broken. Although the mountains and rivers are still there, there are grass everywhere and the trees are gray. A word "broken" makes people stunned, and another word "deep" makes people sad.

Sima Guang said: "The mountains and rivers are all there, and there is nothing in the Ming Dynasty." : the vegetation is deep and no one is there. "("Wen Gong Xu Shi ") The poet here clearly wrote about scenery, but in fact he expressed his feelings. He entrusted his feelings to things and scenery, creating an atmosphere for the whole poem.

The antithesis of this couplet is ingenious, mature, natural and poetic. "National destruction" is opposite to "city spring".

The ruins of "the country breaks down and the family dies" are in sharp contrast with the "urban spring" of commercial prosperity. "The country is broken" is followed by "the mountains and rivers are here", which means the opposite and is unexpected; "Spring in the city" was originally a beautiful scenery, but the suffix "deeply planted" is ridiculous and contradictory.

In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng spoke highly of this couplet, saying that "duality is not implicit, but it changes vertically and horizontally, making it more stereotyped, more implicit and deeper, and taking justice from nature." ("Tang Yin Gui Qian", Volume 9) "The petals there are already like tears, and the lonely bird has sang grief."

The general explanation of these two sentences is: the sad scene of flowers crying and birds leaving in troubled times. The author touched the scene, empathized with it, and saw the richness of good poetry.

Using intertextuality, it can be translated as "when I feel it, I hate tears, but I feel that lonely birds sing their grief." The first four sentences of the poem are all in the word "Wang".

The poet looks from near to far, from far to near, and his vision ranges from mountains and rivers to cities, and then from cities to flowers and birds. Feelings are from hidden to obvious, from weak to strong, step by step.

In the change of scenery and emotion, it seems that the poet gradually turned from longing for the scenery to overlooking and thinking about the scenery, and naturally transitioned to the second half-missing his loved ones. "After three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold."

From the Anshi Rebellion, "the war was fierce and the countryside was broken", until the end of March and spring, the war continued. How I look forward to hearing from my relatives at home. At this moment, a letter from home is really better than "tiger balm"! "A letter from home is worth a ton of gold" wrote the long-awaited urgency of news isolation. This is the idea in everyone's mind, which naturally makes people * * * sound, thus becoming a famous sentence that has been told through the ages.

"I stroked my white hair. It has become so thin that it can no longer hold hairpins. "There are bonfires everywhere, and my family doesn't trust me. I miss the tragic image in the distance, and I look at the scene of decline in front of me. I don't feel bored and hesitant, but my hair is sparse and short.

"White hair" is caused by worry, "scratching" is an action to relieve worry, and "shorter" indicates the degree of worry. In this way, in addition to the grief of national demise and death, sighing and aging will add another layer of sadness.

This poem reflects the poet's good feelings of patriotism and love for his family. The meaning is full but not straight, the scenery is full but not free, the emotion is strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not miscellaneous, the meter is rigorous but not rigid, and it is written by the five methods of ascending and descending, so it has been circulated for more than 1,200 years. The antithesis in the poem "Hope in Spring" is: petals fall like tears, and lonely birds sing their sadness.

The war lasted for more than half a year, and letters from home were rare, with a hundred thousand gold. The poet is only 45 years old this year, but Whitehead is realistic-half a year later, he mentioned again in the Northern Expedition: "I fell into the dust and returned to China."

"Whitehead" is sparse to the point of "invincible", and its old state can be imagined. He is getting old so fast, which is entirely caused by worrying about the country and the people, hurting time and homesickness.

Du Fu was trapped in a thief for eight months and wrote about twenty poems, which were profound and implicit. At the most important time of this poem, every sentence has a meaning and is worth tasting. Wang Chun's Hope expresses his nostalgia for his family (after three months of war, a letter from home is worth a ton of gold); Despair and anxiety about the future of the country (although a country is divided, mountains and rivers remain forever, trees and grasslands are blooming in spring); Lian Po's lament in his later years (I caressed my white hair. It has become too thin to hold a hairpin. It shows the poet's concern for his country, homesickness and self-pity when he is hurt.

5. How did Du Fu's Spring Hope be rewritten into prose? The mountains and rivers remain the same, and the land has not changed. It's spring, but Chang 'an is desolate and overgrown with weeds. The war took away happiness, prosperity and former prosperity. All that is left is pale and dusty leaves everywhere. The cold wind crossed the border, rolling up the dust all over the sky, and my eyes were confused. I didn't feel tears. Is the wind and sand in my eyes, or sadness. Early in the morning, birds are singing and flowers are fragrant, which is a good scene, but the pain in my heart makes my tears shocking.

After March, the war continued and I was homesick. My heart is burning, but I can't. Looking forward to receiving letters from family members, even treasures are not comparable.

The pain of national subjugation is heartbroken, and the sadness of leaving home is bald. Hair is rare, but even silver hair is sparse. My hair is falling off and I can't get it in.

Spring has come, but the real spring has not yet arrived. Helpless, helpless, things don't look back; Alas, alas, leave home and die; Look away, look away, spring will come soon.