Junior high school geography knowledge is needed! !

Where there is extreme day and night, it is the place north of the Arctic Circle and south of the Antarctic Circle!

Climate (characteristics of various climates);

1. Let me tell you what the climate is like in the tropics:

Rainforest climate (high temperature and rainy season all year round) \ savanna climate (high temperature all year round, divided into dry and wet seasons) \ tropical monsoon climate (high temperature all year round, divided into dry season and rainy season) tropical desert climate (dry season and rainy season all year round)

2. Subtropical: Subtropical monsoon climate (low temperature and little rain in winter and high temperature and rainy in summer) \ Mediterranean climate (low temperature and rainy in winter and dry heat in summer).

3. Temperate zone: temperate monsoon climate (cold and dry in winter, hot and rainy in summer) \ temperate continental climate (cold in winter, hot in summer, dry and little rain) \ temperate maritime climate (mild and rainy all year round)

Sub-frigid zone: Sub-frigid zone continental climate (long and cold in winter and short and warm in summer).

5. Cold zone: tundra climate (cold all year round) and ice sheet climate (cold all year round)

6 Plateau and alpine climate (the climate changes obviously vertically, and the temperature decreases with the increase of height)

About Topography: Isn't it in junior high school books? There are five landforms in China: mountains, plains, plateaus, hills and basins. The characteristics of China's topography are: the topography is complex and diverse; The mountainous area is vast, accounting for about 2/3 of the national area; The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, decreasing step by step, showing a three-stage distribution.

The main terrain unit of the average height terrain type.

The first step is the plateau above 4000 meters, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Qaidam Basin.

Boundary Kunlun Mountain-Qilian Mountain-Hengduan Mountain

Step 2 1000-2000m plateaus and basins: Inner Mongolia Plateau, Loess Plateau, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Tarim Basin, Junggar Basin and Sichuan Basin.

The boundary line is Daxinganling-Taihang Mountain-Wushan-Xuefeng Mountain.

The plains and hills below 500m of the third step are the Northeast Plain, the North China Plain, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southeast hills.

There are two famous volcanic seismic belts in the world: (Pacific Rim volcanic seismic belt) and (Mediterranean-Himalayan volcanic seismic belt). Plate tectonic theory holds that these two belts are both (plate boundary) belts.

Countries located in two major volcanic earthquake zones in the world: 1. Chile, Mexico, Italy, Japan, Iceland and Indonesia are all countries with frequent volcanic earthquakes, and they are all located in the volcanic earthquake belt around the Pacific Ocean.

2. Countries located in the Mediterranean-Himalayan volcanic earthquake zone include Myanmar, Bhutan, Sikkim, Nepal, India, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Yugoslavia, Albania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovenia, Croatia, Italy, France, Spain, Morocco, Algeria and so on.

The world's drought pole-Taakala desert.

The coldest pole in the world, Antarctica, has ever measured an extreme minimum temperature of -89.2 degrees Celsius.

The World's "Hot Pole"-Gallian, Liberia

The world's "rainy pole"-Kira Peng Qi

The wet pole of the world-Vialille.

The world's "dry pole"-Atacama Desert

Yuji, China: The fire in Changyuan Village, Shuangxi Township, northwest of Taibei County, Taiwan Province Province.

China Dry Pole Turpan-Toksun Basin in Xinjiang

Turpan basin, a hot spot in China.

It snows about all year round.

Judging whether it is possible to have snow all year round on the mountain is to look at the highest temperature (or the hottest month temperature) at the foot of the mountain in a year. Because there is snow on the top of the mountain at the highest temperature, that is, it is lower than or equal to 0℃, then there is snow at other times or seasons, that is, snow all year round.

In fact, there are many more! The largest port in the world: Rotterdam, the Netherlands! I'm going to review the high school text, and the college entrance examination is coming soon! Good luck in the exam! !