What are some famous poems?

"Reminiscence of the Ancients in Xisai Mountain" by Liu Yuxi

Wang Jun's boat sailed down to Yizhou, and the king of Jinling lost his spirit sadly. Qianxun's iron chain sank to the bottom of the river, and a flag fell out of the stone.

Many times in this life, the past has been forgotten, but Yamagata is still pillowed in the cold current. From now on, the four seas are home, so the forts are rustling and the reeds are blooming in autumn.

Commentary: This is a poem that pays tribute to the past and reflects on the present, expressing the emotions that mountains and rivers remain the same but people and affairs are different. The first four sentences of the poem describe the historical facts of the Western Jin Dynasty's invasion of the east to destroy Wu, showing that national unification is a historical necessity, and elucidating the idea that the rise and fall of things is determined by people. The last four sentences describe Xisai Mountain, pointing out that it is famous because it was once a military fortress. Today, the mountain shape remains the same, but the personnel and personnel are completely different, which expands the theme of the poem. Finally, I wrote that today we are home all over the world, the country is unified, and the divisions like the Six Dynasties are gone forever. The whole poem has profound meaning and smooth language. However, the poet's true feelings are not seen in the poem, and there is little frustration and depression, which is a major flaw.

"Jin Se" by Li Shangyin

The Jin Se has fifty strings for no reason, each string and one column is reminiscent of the past. Zhuang Sheng was obsessed with butterflies in his dawn dream, and looked forward to the emperor's spring heart with cuckoos.

The moon in the sea has tears, and the sun in Lantian is warm and the jade produces smoke. This feeling can be remembered later, but it was already at a loss.

Commentary: There have always been different interpretations of this poem, and there is no consensus. Some people think it is a mourning work, some people think it is a patriotic piece, some people think it is a self-comparison of literary talents, or some people think it is an expression of longing for my son Jinse. But most people think it is a mourning poem. Some people think that the beginning of the poem is fifty-fifty and half is twenty-five, implying that the late wife was twenty-five years old. This is a bit far-fetched. However, it is true that the first couplet mourns the premature death. The couplet depicts Zhuangzi's deceased wife singing on the drum and expecting the emperor to transform into Zigui and crying for blood, which indirectly describes the joys and sorrows of life. The neck couplet uses the allusions of a shark weeping for pearls and a good jade producing smoke, which vaguely depicts the confusing and trance-like customs of the world, which can be expected but cannot be set aside. Finally, it expresses the carelessness of love during life, and recalls the confused and difficult-to-dispel emotions after death.

"Untitled" Li Shangyin

Last night the stars and the wind blew, west of the painting building and east of Guitang. There is no colorful phoenix flying wings in the body, but there is a clear understanding in the heart.

Gouchun wine is given to every other seat to warm it, and the wax-covered lamp is red. Sighing, I listened to the drum and went to answer the official's request. I walked around Malantai and turned around.

Commentary: There have always been different views on the so-called "untitled" poems: some people think they should be allegorical, while others think they are all about talent. Judging from Li Shangyin's "untitled" poems, they all seem to be about erotic love. They actually have something to say, but it's just inconvenient to say it out. This poem is a recollection of an erotic scene encountered. First, write about the time and place of the banquet; then write about the physical distance and the connection of people; then write about the lingering affection of the encounter; and finally write about the regret after parting. Gorgeous but not obscene, sincere but not crazy.

"Sui Palace" Li Shangyin

The Ziquan Palace is locked in haze, and he wants to take Wucheng as the emperor's home. The jade seal is not destined to return to the sun, but the brocade sail should reach the end of the world.

Today there are no fireflies in the rotting grass, but in ancient times there were dusk crows in the weeping poplar trees. If you meet Empress Chen underground, why should you ask about the flowers in the backyard again?

Commentary: This is also a poem that pays tribute to history and mourns ancient times. Although the content is to praise the Sui Dynasty, it actually satirizes Emperor Yang's debauchery and subjugation of the country. The title of the first couplet is about the empty palace in Chang'an locked in haze, but Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was greedy for enjoyment and wanted to take Jiangdu as his imperial home. However, the couplet does not mention that Jiangdu is the imperial family's business, but it is written that if it were not for the emperor's jade seal falling into the hands of Li Yuan, Emperor Yang would not be satisfied with traveling to Jiangdu, and the dragon boat could travel all over the world. The neck couplet writes the facts of Emperor Yang's two pleasure trips. First, he once solicited fireflies from the Jinghua Palace in Luoyang, and "went out to the mountains at night to release them, and the light spread all over the rocks and valleys." He also built a "firefly garden" in Jiangdu to release fireflies for fun. The first is to open a canal, and the people are ordered to offer a willow tree and a piece of silk as a reward, and the embankments are covered with willows. The author cleverly uses the words "nothing now" and "existence in ancient times", implying that fireflies "existed in those days" and dusk crows "none in the past", exaggerating the desolate scene after the subjugation of the country. The last couplet makes use of the allusion of the dream encounter between Yang Guang and Chen Shubao, using a hypothetical and interrogative tone to reveal the theme of debauchery and national subjugation. Chen is a monarch known in history for his debauchery and the ruin of his country. After he surrendered to the Sui Dynasty, he became very familiar with the prince Yang Guang. Later, when Yang Guang traveled to Jiangdu, he met the dead Chen Shubao and his beloved concubine Zhang Lihua in his dream, and asked Zhang to dance a song "Flowers in the Backyard of the Yushu". This song was composed by Liao Chen and reflected the debauchery of court life. It was denounced by later generations as "the sound of national subjugation". The poet mentions it here, and his intention is that Emperor Yang made the same mistakes as Empress Chen, and as a result he died and his country was destroyed, making the world laugh. The whole poem adopts Bixing technique, written flexibly and implicitly, with bright colors and sonorous syllables.

"Untitled? Part 1" Li Shangyin

It came with empty words and disappeared without a trace, the moon was tilted upstairs at five o'clock. The dream is so far away that it is difficult to recall it, and the book is hastily turned into ink.

The wax illuminates the half cage of golden jade, and the musk smoke slightly embroiders the hibiscus. Liu Lang already hated Pengshan for being far away, and even more so because he was separated by 10,000 layers of Pengshan.

Commentary: This is an erotic poem. In the poem, the hostess misses her lover who is far away from her, and feels resentful that good times will not last forever. The first couplet contains the resentment of not being able to make an appointment. The first sentence talks about breaking the promise, and the second sentence talks about dreaming that it was already dawn when I woke up. The chin couplet writes about farewell, the first sentence writes about farewell and misses you like a dream, and the second sentence writes about sending a letter after waking up. The neck couplet describes that the past love life has become a fantasy. The first sentence says that the quilt can be seen, and the second sentence writes that the incense tent can be heard. The last couplet states that the person is far away. Although the love is deep and sincere, one cannot help but hate him. Li's erotic poems are good at refining and sublimating the raw materials of life into the nectar of emotion, making them transcend vulgarity and reach perfection. However, because of this, Li's poems are rather profound and difficult to understand.

"Untitled" Li Shangyin

It is difficult to say goodbye when we meet, the east wind is powerless and the flowers are withered.

The spring silkworms will not run out of silk until they die, and the wax torches will not dry until they turn to ashes.

When you look into the mirror at dawn, you are worried about the clouds on your temples. When you sing at night, you should feel the cold moonlight. There is not much way to go to Penglai, and the blue bird is eager to visit.

Commentary: As far as poetry is concerned, this is a love poem that expresses the love between two people until death. However, many people have always believed that there may be a cover-up in human relations. The two words "difficult" at the beginning of the sentence point out that it is not easy to get together and even more difficult to say goodbye. The emotions are long, the language is colorful, and the writing is extraordinary. The mandibular couplet uses spring silkworms and wax as a metaphor, which is very wonderful. It is both painful and unswerving. Then the neck couplet writes that at dawn, looking in the mirror, stroking the temples and injuring oneself is self-inflicted; singing bitterly in the good night, with the moonlight covering the cold, is an act of troubling others. I urge you to cherish yourself and take good care of yourself, but you are also affectionate and considerate. It can be said that you have turned around a thousand times, and your expression is graceful. In the last couplet, I hope that messengers will frequently convey good news, and the meaning is graceful, and the flowers are bright and the willows are dark. Two sentences about spring silkworms are perfect for the ages.

"Su Wu Temple" by Wen Tingyun

In front of the Han Dynasty envoy, Su Wu's soul was enchanted, and the tall trees in the ancient temple were at a loss. The wild geese cut off Hu Tianyue by the clouds, and the sheep in Longshang returned to the grass smoke.

When I returned to Japan, the tower was not a tent. When I left, Guanjian was in the Ding year. There is no seal of marquis in Maoling, and I cry to the autumn waves in the sky.

Commentary: This is a poem that pays homage to the ancients. The poem praises Su Wu, who is full of national integrity, loyal and unyielding, and devoted to his motherland. In the late Tang Dynasty, when the country was in decline and ethnic conflicts were acute, it was necessary to commend the national integrity, praise loyalty and unyielding devotion to the motherland. This poem by Wen Tingyun creates the image of a hero who upholds national integrity. The antithesis of the neck couplet is quite clever, and uses the "reverse method", saying "returning to the sun" first and then "going to the time", which is flexible but not rigid, lively but not rigid.

"Poor Girl" Qin Taoyu

Pengmen didn't know Qiluoxiang, so he hurt himself by asking a good matchmaker. Who loves fashion and high style, but pity the times when they are frugal in dressing up.

Dare to praise the skills of the needle with all ten fingers, and do not draw the eyebrows into elongation. I regret pressing the golden thread every year to make wedding clothes for others.

Commentary: Although this is an ode to the life experience of a poor girl, it also expresses the sentimentality of a poor man’s unrecognized talent. Because of its pun meaning and rich connotations, it has always been recited by people. The image is vivid and the poetry is sad. Although the protagonist is "skilled" and "skilled", no one appreciates his "pretend to be a good matchmaker", so he has to "hate bitterly" "year after year". "Making wedding clothes for others" highly summarizes the resentment of a poor man who has worked hard all year round, but has no use for the world and has been subordinated to subordinates for a long time.

Five-Character Rhymed Poems from Ancient Poetry Student Aid Materials

"Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" by Zhang Jiuling

The bright moon rises on the sea, and the end of the world is at this time. Lovers complain about the distant night, but they miss each other at night.

When the candle is extinguished, it is filled with pity and light, and when I put on my clothes, I feel the dew. I can't bear to give it away, but I still have a good night's sleep.

Commentary: This poem is a famous poem about looking at the moon and thinking about it. It describes the scenery and expresses emotions at the same time, and the scenes blend together. When the poet saw the bright moon, he immediately thought of his relatives far away in the sky, who were looking at me at this moment. People who have long-term feelings will inevitably miss each other all night long and stay up all night. Living indoors, extinguishing candles and looking at the moon, the clear light fills the house, which makes me feel even more lovely; when I put on my clothes and go out, I will be moistened by dew, and the moonlight will shine like a ray of light, making me even more intoxicated. In such a situation, I suddenly thought that although the moonlight is beautiful, it cannot be collected and given to relatives far away. It is better to go back indoors and find a sweet dream or a fun date. The artistic conception of the poem is quiet and beautiful, and the emotions are sincere. The layers are deep and orderly, the language is bright and sonorous, and savoring it carefully is like tasting an olive, with endless sweetness. "The bright moon shines on the sea, and the world is at this moment" is an eternal saying, with a powerful and open-minded artistic conception.

"Sending Du Shaofu to Shuzhou" by Wang Bo

The city gate assists the Three Qin Dynasties, and the wind and smoke look forward to Wujin. I want to say goodbye to you, we are both eunuchs.

There are close friends in the sea, and there are neighbors in the world. Inaction is on the Qi Road, and the children are wet with towels.

Commentary: This poem is a masterpiece of farewell. The poetic comfort is not to be sad when parting. The first sentence is a strict antithesis, and the third and fourth sentences are continued with loose tone. The truth turns to emptiness, and the literary mood is ups and downs. The third couplet "There are close friends in the sea, and neighbors are as close as the end of the world", with strange peaks rising up, which highly summarizes the scene of "deep friendship, strong mountains and rivers are unstoppable". The great words are self-made, passed down through the ages, and are well-known. The last couplet points out the theme of "send". The whole poem opens and closes with pauses and fluctuations, the energy flows smoothly, and the artistic conception is broad-minded. It washes away the sadness and melancholy in ancient farewell poems. The tone is hearty, fresh and far-reaching, and there is a single tree monument.

"Singing Cicadas in Prison? Preface" by King Luo Bin

The sound of cicadas singing in the Western Land makes the guests in Nanguan think deeply. Unbearable to see the shadow on the temples, I came to sing to Bai Tou.

It is difficult to fly in due to heavy dew, and it is easy to sink due to the strong wind. No one believes in Gao Jie, who can express his sincerity?

Commentary: In the third year of Yifeng, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (678), the poet moved to serve as the imperial censor. He angered Empress Wu because of his comments on matters, and was falsely accused and imprisoned. The poem was written at this time. The poet uses the cicada's nobility as a metaphor for his own integrity. The first couplet uses the sound of cicadas to stir up excitement and arouse people's thoughts, and the "Nanguan" gets to the point. The couplet uses the running water pair of "unbearable" and "coming to the right" to illustrate the relationship between things and myself, exposing the ugliness of the government and the sadness of the self. The neck couplet uses metaphors, using "heavy dew" and "many winds" to describe the dirty world and harsh environment. "It's difficult to fly in" means that it's difficult to enter the officialdom, which is ups and downs. "Sound is easy to sink" means that speech is suppressed. The last couplet uses the nobility of the cicada as a metaphor for one's own character, and the concluding sentence uses questions to point out the hatred of injustice. This is a very good poem about chanting things. It expresses emotions through chanting things, and is full of loyalty and indignation. It is beyond words

"Chanyuan behind Poshan Temple" Chang Jian

Entering the ancient temple early in the morning, the first sunshine shines Gao Lin. The winding path leads to a secluded place, and the meditation room is deep with flowers and trees.

The light of the mountain is pleasing to the birds, and the shadow of the pond is empty of the human heart. Everything is silent here, except for the sound of bells and chimes.

Commentary: The poem aims to praise the tranquility of the scenery of Houchanyuan and express one's love for the mountains and rivers. The poet climbed Poshan Mountain in Changshu County early in the morning and entered Poshan Temple (improving Fu Temple). In the scenery of the rising sun illuminating the mountains and forests, he expressed his feelings of praising the Buddha. Then walk to the quiet backyard, face the wonderful scenery, admire it with emotion, and express your feelings of escapism. "The winding path leads to a secluded place, and the Zen room is deep with flowers and trees." The artistic conception is particularly quiet and pure. The starting sentence is antithetical, but the couplet is not neatly matched. Although it belongs to the five rhymes, it has the charm of ancient poetry.

"Gift to Meng Haoran" by Li Bai

I love Master Meng, and he is known all over the world. The beauty abandons the crown, and the white head lies in the pine clouds.

The drunken moon frequently hits the saints, and the lost flowers are of no concern to you. The mountains are safe and you can look up to them, just to bow to the clear fragrance.

Commentary analysis: The whole poem praises Meng Haoran's elegant and unrestrained character. The title of the first couplet expresses admiration for Meng Haoran; the second and third couplets depict Meng Haoran's elegant image of abandoning his official position, turning his head into seclusion, drunken with wine in the moonlight, and being obsessed with flowers; the last couplet is directly lyrical and expresses Meng's story. Gao Ya is like a towering mountain, which is depressing. The poem adopts a lyrical-descriptive-lyric way, and expresses the poet's admiration in a relaxed and sighing tone.

"Farewell at the Jingmen Gate" by Li Bai

I traveled far beyond the Jingmen Gate to travel from the Kingdom of Chu. The mountains end with the plains, and the river flows into the wilderness.

Under the moon, there is a flying mirror, and the clouds form a sea tower. I still feel sorry for the water in my hometown, and send my boat sailing thousands of miles away.

Commentary: In the 14th year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty (726), the poet left Shudong and went to the east of Shu with the feeling of "going to the country with a sword, saying goodbye to relatives and traveling far away". This poem was written during the trip. From a poetic point of view, the poet and the sender were in the same boat, and they chanted the farewell in the boat. Shen Deqian of the Qing Dynasty believed that there was no meaning of "farewell" in the poem and that the word "farewell" in the title could be deleted, which was incorrect. Although this poem is intended to describe the landscape, upon careful consideration, the meaning of "farewell" is still there, which shows the skill of his writing skills. "The mountains follow the plains and the fields end, and the rivers flow into the wilderness" and Du Fu's "The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are vast, and the moon surges into the rivers", which are comparable in skill. It may be thought that Li was boating for a tour, while Du stopped the boat to take a closer look. This statement is quite reasonable.

"Send Off a Friend" by Li Bai

Green mountains stretch across Beiguo, and white water surrounds the east city. This place is a different place, and I can conquer thousands of miles alone.

The wandering clouds are like a wandering child, and the setting sun is about old friends. I waved my hand and went away, and the horses roared.

Commentary: This is a farewell poem, full of poetic charm. The first couplet is right and the writing is unique. First, I will write about the landscapes elsewhere: green mountains lie across the north of the outer city, and white water flows around the east city. These two sentences use "green mountains" versus "white water" and "Beiguo" versus "Dongcheng". "Green" and "white" alternate with bright colors. The character "horizontal" depicts the static state of the mountain, while the character "rao" depicts the dynamic character of the water. Such tracing, free and easy, beautiful and fresh. The two couplets in the middle are to the point, describing the emotions of separation when breaking up. The first two sentences express concern for a friend's wandering life, and the writing is smooth and natural. The last two sentences describe the mood of farewell, and cleverly use "floating clouds" and "setting sun" as comparisons to express their feelings. It is written with scenery and emotion, and the scenes blend together. The last couplet goes a step further and expresses the inseparable emotions. Translation: The sentence "Xiao Xiao Ma Ming" in "The Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Che Gong" is embedded with the word "class" to write that horses are unwilling to leave the group, let alone people? It is truly a miraculous work to create a lingering friendship. The poems are novel and unique, rich and unique. The colors are bright, the language is fluent, the affection is subtle and subtle, the beauty of nature and the beauty of humanity are in perfect harmony, creating a unique flavor.

"Listening to a Sichuan Monk Playing the Qin" by Li Bai

A Sichuan monk hugged the green feather and headed west to Mount Emei. Wave your hand for me, it's like listening to thousands of pines.

The guest's heart is washed by the running water, and the remaining sound is the frost bell. Unexpectedly, it was dusk in the green mountains, and the autumn clouds were dark.

Commentary: This poem is about listening to a monk from Shu playing the harp, and is extremely fascinated by the sound of the harp. The first two sentences state that he is from his hometown of Sichuan and express his admiration for him. The chin couplet is written about playing the harp, comparing it to the sound of pines and waves in nature, which makes people feel that the sound of the harp is extraordinary. The sound of the piano in the neck couplet cleanses the mind, makes people relaxed and happy, and has endless aftertaste. The last couplet is about listening to the piano with concentration and concentration, not knowing that the time is running out, which contrasts with the wonderful and attractive nature of playing the piano. The whole poem is written in one breath, with momentum like flowing clouds and flowing water, bright and smooth.

"Spring Outlook" by Du Fu

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation. The flowers shed tears when I feel grateful, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.

The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the hairpin is full of lust.

Commentary: In July of the fifteenth year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (756), the Anshi rebels captured Chang'an. Suzong ascended the throne in Lingwu and changed the Yuan Dynasty to De. On his way to Lingwu, Du Fu was captured by the rebels and brought to Chang'an. He wrote this poem the following year (the second year of Germany). The poet witnessed the fall of Chang'an's flutes after the fall, and felt homesick after experiencing adversity. The first and second couplets of the poem describe the devastation of the Spring City, full of sighs; the third and fourth couplets describe the situation of missing relatives, full of feelings of separation. The whole poem is calm and subtle, sincere and natural, reflecting the poet's love for the motherland and his feelings for his family. Modern scholars such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is thorough but straight, the scenes are comprehensive but not dissociated, the emotions are strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not complicated, the rhythm is rigorous but not rigid." This comment is quite interesting. For appropriateness. "A letter from home is worth ten thousand dollars" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.

"Moon Night" Du Fu

Tonight in Yanzhou, I can only watch the moon in my boudoir. I pity my children from afar, but I still remember Chang'an.

The fragrant mist and clouds make the servant girl wet, and the clear jade arms are cold. When will I lean on Xuguo, and my tears will dry up under my eyes!

Commentary: This poem was written in the first year of Zhide (756).

In August of that year, Du Fu fled with his family and fled to Su Zongxing in Lingwu. He was captured by the rebels and taken to Chang'an. The poem is written by a pregnant woman on an autumn moonlit night. Looking at the moon and thinking about it has happened since ancient times. However, the poet does not write about himself looking at the moon and conceiving his wife, but imagines that his wife looks at the moon and misses him. He also uses the meaning of the children (because they are young) to "unremember their mother's memories of Chang'an" to highlight the wife's "loneliness" and sadness, and then hopes to gather together to lean on each other, and the two Photo reunion. It reflects the pain of the people in the era of chaos and separation. The purpose of the poem is tactful, the composition is tight, and the emotions of separation are touching.

"Moonlight Night Remembering My Brother" by Du Fu

The sound of drums breaks the line of people, and there is a sound of wild geese on the edge of autumn. The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown.

My brothers are all scattered, and I have no family to ask about life and death. The letter sent was not delivered, but the troops were not suspended.

Commentary: The poem was written in the second year of Qianyuan (759), when the Anshi Rebellion had not yet been calmed down. As a teacher, he was displaced during the war, experienced national disasters and family worries, and was filled with sorrow and indignation. Looking at the autumn moon, I miss my brothers and sisters, expressing my nostalgia for my family and country. The whole poem is well-organized, with the beginning and the end echoing each other, and the structure is tight and interlocking. Every sentence is inherited and completed in one go. The sentence "The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown" shows the magic and vigor of sentence making.

"Embrace Li Bai at the end of the day" Du Fu

A cool breeze rises at the end of the day, what does a gentleman think? When will the swan geese arrive? There will be plenty of autumn water in the rivers and lakes.

The article is full of hatred and destiny, and the charm is delightful. In response to the words of the wronged soul, I sent a poem to Miluo.

Commentary: In the second year of Zhide (757), Li Bai was implicated in the sins of King Yong and exiled Yelang. He traveled to Wushan and was pardoned and returned. Du Fu wrote this poem in the second year of Qianyuan (759). He was fond of Li Bai and imagined that he would pass through Miluo, so he compared it with Qu Yuan. In fact, Li had already been pardoned at this time and was boating in Dongting. I miss my old friends because of the cool breeze, and miss the wild geese in autumn. Literati cherish each other, and their love at the end of the road is vividly reflected on the paper.

"The Four Rhymes of "Fengji Post Sending Off Yan Gong Again" by Du Fu

Farewell from afar, the green mountains are empty and the love returns. When will the cup be heavy and the moon will be with me last night?

The counties eulogized and cherished, and the three dynasties came and went with glory. Jiangcun lives alone, recuperating in solitude.

Commentary: This poem is intended to send Yan Wu back to the court after being summoned. The poet once served as Yan Wu's staff and was deeply cared for by Yan Wu, so it goes without saying that his feelings of separation go without saying. The beginning of the poem points out "send far away", which shows that the meaning is deep and affectionate. When we break up and say goodbye, we naturally think of the farewell scene "last night" and wonder when we will meet again. Then he praised Yan Wu for his achievements as a minister and as a general, and was praised by the people. Finally, I wrote about the loneliness and helplessness I felt after saying goodbye. The language is simple and affectionate, and the organization is rigorous and orderly.

"The Tomb of Taiwei in the Biefang" by Du Fu

Resuming his service in a foreign country, he stayed in his solitary tomb. There is no dry soil near the tears, and there are broken clouds in the low sky.

Play chess with Xie Fu, and look for Xu Jun with the sword. I can only see the flowers falling in the forest and hear the cries of orioles to see off the guests.

Commentary: Fang paid homage to the Prime Minister when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty visited Shu. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), he was demoted by Suzong. Du Fu once advised his superiors, offending Su Zong and nearly being killed. In the second year of Baoying (763), Fang Feozhi was the Minister of the Ministry of Punishment. He fell ill on the road and died in Langzhou. Two years later. Du Fu passed by Langzhou and wrote this poem to visit the grave of an old friend. This is a mourning poem that expresses sentimental feelings. The whole poem describes the interactions during life and the mourning at the grave. The first four sentences describe the sorrow and indignation before the grave, and the last four sentences describe the lingering farewell. The poem is written gracefully, elegantly and deeply. Write about Fang Zhu, Lai Mandan, and write about communication. Every word is affectionate. The feeling of knowing and meeting deeply penetrates between the lines.

"Walking at Night" by Du Fu

On the shore there is a gentle breeze with fine grass, and a lonely boat with dangerous rafts. The stars hang down over the vast plains, and the moon surges across the river.

What is the name of the article? The official should retire due to old age and illness. How can the fluttering look like a sand gull in the sky and the earth?

Commentary: The poem was written in the first year of Emperor Yongtai's reign (765), when the poet was dismissed from his post in Huazhou and on his way to Chongqing from Chengdu. The whole poem reveals the poet's feelings of running around and encountering unexpected situations. The first half of the poem describes the scene of "night travel". Use scene descriptions to express situations and feelings, embodying feelings in the scenery. In the second half, write "书情". He expressed his original political ambitions, but he did not expect that he would become famous all over the world because of his articles, but his career would be marginalized due to old age and illness. It expresses the sadness of wandering and helpless in the heart. Every word is filled with tears and every sound is lamented, which is deeply touching. "The stars hang down on the plains and the fields are vast, and the moon surges into the great rivers" is similar to Li Bai's "The mountains follow the plains and the fields end, and the rivers flow into the vast wilderness".

"Climbing Yueyang Tower" by Du Fu

In the past I heard about the water in Dongting, now I am going up to Yueyang Tower. To the southeast of Wu and Chu, the universe floats day and night.

There are no relatives and friends, and there are no old and sick people. The soldiers and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and Pingxuan Tisi flows.

Commentary: After the third year of Daizong’s Dali (768), Du Fu went out to wander the two lakes. This poem is a poem about climbing the Yueyang Tower and looking at his hometown, touching the scenery and feeling nostalgia. At the beginning, I heard that Dongting was famous for a long time, but it was not until the end of the century that I realized my wish to see the famous lake. On the surface, it seems to be the joy of climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time, but it is actually intended to express the feeling that my early ambition has not been realized yet. The second couplet represents the vastness of Dongting. The three couplets describe the ups and downs of political life, wandering around the world, and the mood of not being able to appreciate talents. The last couplet writes about the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and being unable to serve the country. Although there are only two sentences to describe the scenery, it shows superb skills. Although the lyricism is dark and lonely, it is natural and effortless.

"Wangchuan Leisurely Presents to Pei Xiu Caidi" by Wang Wei

The cold mountains turn green, and the autumn water flows day by day. Leaning on a stick outside the firewood door, I listen to the evening cicadas in the wind.

The sun is still setting over the ferry, and the lonely smoke is rising in the ruins. When I get drunk again, I sing wildly in front of the five willow trees.

Commentary: This is a poem about scenery. It depicts the aspirations and interests of living in a secluded mountain forest and transcending things. Therefore, Jie Yu is compared to Pei Di and Tao Qian is compared to himself.

Scenery and figures alternate in writing, complementing each other, forming an artistic conception of a blend of things and myself, expressing the joy of leisurely life and the true friendship for friends. The first two sentences describe the scenery, depicting the loveliness of the water, color, and mountain light. Although it is late autumn, the mountains are still green and the water is still flowing. Three or four sentences, turn to emotion. Leaning on the stick and wood door, listening to the cicadas in the wind, my spirit is far away, and I am free and at ease. The fifth or sixth sentences also describe scenery. The sun sets over the ferry, the lonely smoke in the ruins, and the authentic mountain village scenery. Write the last two sentences about human feelings. Jieyu, Wuliu, clean oneself, be well behaved and refined from vulgarity. The scenery is infinite, coupled with the characters' arrogance, how can it not make people feel at ease? ! The starting line of the poem is right, but the couplet is wrong. It is really out of line. The first couplet and the chin couplet of Yu Shou Zhenxin are inverted and confused. If they are reversed, the flat and oblique rhythms will not lose their cohesion and will be more natural in meaning. The sentence "leaning on the stick" means looking, followed by "cold mountain"; the sentence "linfeng" means listening, followed by "autumn water". There is something unique about this statement.

"Dark Autumn in the Mountains" by Wang Wei

After the new rain in the empty mountains, autumn comes late. The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows over the rocks.

The bamboo noise returns to Huan Nu, and the lotus moves off the fishing boat. The spring fragrance rests at will, and the king and grandson can stay.

Commentary: This is a famous poem about landscapes, which expresses the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of ideals in the poetic and picturesque atmosphere. The first couplet describes the scenery of a mountain residence at dusk in autumn, with the first rain falling on the mountain, quiet, leisurely, fresh and pleasant. The chin couplet describes the natural beauty of the bright moon in the sky, green pines like a canopy, clear mountain springs flowing on the rocks, and quiet, clear and pure nature. The neck couplet writes that I heard the noise in the bamboo forest, saw the lotus leaves spread out, and discovered the Huan Nu and the fishing boat. The last couplet writes that this scene is beautiful and a place of peace and tranquility. The whole poem expresses its aspirations through the description of the landscape, which is rich in meaning and thought-provoking. "The bright moon shines among the pines, and the clear spring flows over the rocks." This is truly an eternal saying.

"Returning to Songshan" Wang Wei

The Qingchuan belt is long and thin, and the carriages and horses go leisurely. The water flows as intended, and the birds return at dusk.

The deserted city is near the ancient ferry, and the setting sun fills the autumn mountains. After a long journey, he came back and went into seclusion.

Commentary: This poem is about the scenery and mood seen on the way to resigning and returning to seclusion. The first couplet describes the scene when setting out for seclusion. The couplet on the chin is written about water and birds. In fact, it is to convey feelings to something, and to write about one's own feelings of leisurely contentment in returning to the mountains. Just like the flow of water, the heart of seclusion does not change, like the birds knowing that they will return at dusk. The neck couplet describes the ancient crossing of the deserted city and the sunset over the autumn mountains. It embodies the emotions in the scenery and reflects the poet's emotional twists and turns. The last couplet describes the height of the mountain, which points out the nobility and isolation of seclusion and the purpose of not caring about worldly affairs. Describing scenes and feelings at the same time, embodying deep feelings in the descriptions of scenes. The levels are neat and the scene is bleak.

"Zhongnan Mountain" Wang Wei

Taiyi is close to the capital of heaven, stretching from mountains to sea corners. The white clouds look back and merge, and the green mist comes in to see nothing.

The peaks in the field change, and there are many valleys and clouds. If you want to stay somewhere, ask the woodcutter across the water.

Commentary: The poem aims to sing the magnificence of Zhongnan Mountain. The first couplet describes the distant view, using artistic exaggeration to express the height of the mountain. The chin couplet describes a close-up view, what you see in the mountains, and describes the changing clouds and deformation as you move, which is very pregnant. The neck couplet further describes the vastness of the mountain from north to south and the myriad shapes of thousands of rocks and ravines. The last couplet says that in order to go to the mountains to win the victory, I want to stay in a family in the mountains. The word "across the water" points out the author's "far-looking" position. The whole poem describes scenery, people and objects, moving like a rabbit, quiet like a lady, full of sound and color, and the artistic conception is fresh, just like a landscape painting.

"Reward Zhang Shaofu" Wang Wei

In his later years, he was very quiet and didn't care about anything. I have no long-term plan, and I know I will return to the old forest.

The pine wind blows the belt, and the mountain moon shines on the piano. When you ask poor questions, the fishermen's songs go deep into Pu Shen.

Comment: This is a poem for a friend. The whole poem is dedicated to describing one's ambition and interest in "being quiet". The first four sentences are all sentimental, implying the contradictory and depressed mood after the great ambition cannot be realized. Because of reaching old age. I had no choice but to "just be quiet". The neck couplet describes the taste of reclusive life. The last couplet is about understanding the situation immediately, concluding in the form of question and answer, pretending to be a mysterious explanation, and answering with no regard. It is subtle and full of charm, free and elegant, and thought-provoking. The whole poem is more about emotion than scenery. Three or four sentences imply dissatisfaction with the government.

"Passing Xiangji Temple" Wang Wei

I don't know Xiangji Temple, but I have entered Yunfeng several miles away. There are no people walking through the ancient trees, and there is no clock in the deep mountains.

The sound of the spring is swallowed by dangerous rocks, and the sun is cold and green. In the dusk, the empty pond is melodious, and Zen is used to control the poisonous dragon.

Commentary Analysis This is a poem about traveling, mainly describing the scenery. The title is intended to describe the mountain temple, but it does not describe it from the front, but uses a profile of the environment to express the tranquility of the mountain temple. "Yunfeng", "ancient wood", "deep mountain", "dangerous stone", "green pines" and "empty pond" are all linked to the identity of the temple. Finally, when I saw that the deep pool was empty, I thought that the violent poisonous dragon mentioned in "Nirvana" had been subdued, which meant that the monk's delusions of conspiracy had been subdued, and I realized the profoundness of Zen principles again. The whole poem does not mention the temple, but the temple is already in it. Wonderfully conceived and exquisitely crafted. "The sound of the spring swallows the dangerous stone, the sun is cold and the green pines are green," has been praised as a model of calligraphy in the past dynasties.

"Hanjiang Linfan" Wang Wei

Chu and Sanxiang are connected, and the nine factions of Jingmen are connected. The river flows beyond the sky and the earth, and the mountains are beautiful.

In the county town of Bucheonpo, waves are moving in the distance. It's a nice windy day in Xiangyang, and I'm left drunk with the mountain man.

Commentary: The poem mainly writes about the experiences of traveling around the Han River and praises the vastness of the Han River. The first couplet describes the majestic and majestic scenery of the Han River, which flows from Chu to Hunan and merges with the nine schools of the Yangtze River, adding atmosphere to the whole poem. The couplet describes the long and far-reaching flow of the Han River, the vastness and vastness of the mountains and the confusing scenery. The neck couplet describes the "floating" of the counties and the distant sky, exaggerating the majestic water potential. The last couplet leads to the story of a mountain slip from Jin who once served as a general in the southern expedition to guard Xiangyang, showing his love for the scenery of Xiangyang.

The whole poem has a fresh style and beautiful artistic conception. It is full of optimism in the description of the scenery, giving people a beautiful enjoyment. "The river flows beyond the sky and the earth, and the mountains are beautiful and beautiful" has always been recited by people, and it is worthy of being an eternal saying.

"Zhongnan Farewell" Wang Wei

In his middle age, he was quite good at Taoism. In his later years, he came to Nanshan. Every time I go alone when I am happy, I know my victory in vain.

Walking to a water-poor place, sit and watch the clouds rise. Occasionally, I visited Lin Sou, chatting and laughing for a long time.

Commentary: This poem is intended to express the leisure and joy of living in seclusion in Zhongnan Mountain, and the feeling of being at peace with the situation. The first couplet describes that after middle age, he disliked the secular world and embraced Buddhism. The second couplet describes the poet's interest and pleasure in admiring the beautiful scenery. The third couplet expresses a relaxed mood, walking freely and freely. The last couplet further expresses the leisurely and contented mood. When he met "Lin Sou" "by chance", he started "talking and laughing" without any delay, and wrote about the poet's leisurely nature and transcendental style. The couplets are both purely natural and implicitly philosophical. It is not easy to condense it to this point.

"Prime Minister Zhang at the Dongting" by Meng Haoran

The August Lake is horizontal, and the emptiness is mixed with the clarity. The steam is rising over the Yunmengze, and the waves are shaking Yueyang City.

If you want to save money without a boat, you will live in shameful sage. Sitting and watching the fishermen only envy the fish.

Commentary: This is a "Qianlu" poem. The so-called "Qianlu" means presenting poems and essays to dignitaries in order to be recommended and hired. In the 21st year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign (733), Zhang Jiuling was the prime minister. The author traveled west to Chang'an and presented this poem in hopes of being accepted. The first half of the poem generally describes the majestic Dongting and the magnificent scenery, which symbolizes the Qingming politics of Kaiyuan. The second half is filled with emotions, expressing the personal difficulties of having no way forward and living in boredom, and expressing the determination to make a living in the world. The whole poem praises the other party without going too far, begs for employment without depreciating oneself, is neither arrogant nor humble, and is very appropriate.

"Climbing Xian Mountain with the Scholars" by Meng Haoran

People have their own metabolism, and their exchanges have become the past and the present. The mountains and rivers have left traces of their beauty, and we will come here again.

The fish beam is shallow when the water falls, and the dream is deep when the weather is cold. The Yanggong Monument is still there, and I shed tears after reading it.

Commentary: The poem is about recalling the past and touching the present, and the first two sentences reveal the title. The words "landscapes and scenic spots" in the third sentence correspond to "personnel metabolism"; the words "my generation came here" in the fourth sentence correspond to "the past and the present"; the fifth and sixth sentences describe what you see when you visit; the last two sentences are solid and really " A dragon that has come from thousands of miles away has come here to form a cave." The first half of the poem has a certain philosophical nature, and the second half describes the scenery, which is full of images and passion. The language is easy to understand and the emotions are sincere and touching.

"Feasting with Plum Blossoms in the Taoist's Mountain House" by Meng Haoran

The forest is lying in sorrow at the end of spring, and the curtains are drawn to see the beauty of things. Suddenly I met the envoy of Blue Bird and invited him to Chisong's house.

The golden stove is on, and the peaches are blooming. If the childish face can stay, why not be drunk and drifting into the clouds.

Commentary: The poem is about a hermit feasting in the Taoist mountain house in Mei, so it borrows terms such as Jinzao, Xiantao, Zhuyan, Liuxia, etc. and uses allusions such as blue bird and red pine nut to describe the Taoist mountain house. The scenery gives it the charm of traveling to immortality and reveals the meaning of pursuing the Tao.

Five-Character Quatrains from Ancient Poetry Student Aid Materials

"Lu Chai" by Wang Wei

No one can be seen in the empty mountain, but the sound of people's voices can be heard. The shadow returns into the deep forest and shines again on the moss.

Commentary: This is a landscape poem. Describe the quiet scenery of Luchai in the evening. The beauty of poetry is that it uses movement to contrast stillness, and parts to contrast the overall situation. It is fresh and natural, without any artificiality. When he started writing, he first wrote "empty mountain" with no human traces, and then switched to "but heard" to bring out the "sound of human voice". When sound is transmitted through the empty valley, the emptiness becomes more apparent; after human words pass by, the emptiness becomes even greater. Finally, I write some reflections of the sunset, which further triggers the feeling of darkness.

"Zhuli Pavilion" Wang Wei

Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo, playing the piano and whistling loudly. People deep in the forest don't know that the bright moon comes to shine.

Commentary: This is a poem about the leisure life of a hermit. The poem's use of words, descriptions of scenery (hull, deep forest, bright moon), and descriptions of people (sitting alone, playing the piano, and screaming) are all very ordinary. However, the beauty of it is that it uses a natural and plain style to depict the fresh and attractive artistic conception of the moonlit night forest, blending the scene into one, and containing a special kind of beautiful artistic charm, making it an eternal masterpiece. Playing the piano and whistling, it contrasts with the tranquility of the bamboo forest on a moonlit night, and the light and shadow of the bright moon contrasts with the darkness of the deep forest. On the surface, it seems plain and simple, but it seems to be written casually, but it is actually a masterpiece of ingenuity and extraordinary skill.

"Lovesickness" by Wang Wei

Red beans grow in the southern country, and a few branches will appear in spring. I hope you will pick more of them, this is the most loved thing.

{Commentary Analysis: This is a poem that expresses lovesickness by chanting objects. One is titled "A Presentation to Li Gui Nian on the River", which shows that it is undoubtedly a tribute to a friend. The first sentence is inspired by things, and although the language is simple, it is full of imagination; the next sentence is a question, which expresses feelings meaningfully; the third sentence implies cherishing friendship. On the surface, it seems to be telling people to miss each other, but behind it, it deeply expresses the weight of one's own lovesickness; The last word is a pun, which not only hits the point of the topic, but also relates to the emotions. The writing is full of flowers and the song is touching. The mood of the whole poem is healthy and elegant, the thoughts are full and unrestrained, the language is simple and unpretentious, and the rhythm is harmonious and soft. It can be said to be the best product of quatrains!

"Miscellaneous Poems" Wang Wei

You come from your hometown, so you should know the things in your hometown. The next day, in front of the beautiful window, the winter plum blossoms have not yet bloomed.

Commentary: This is a poem that expresses nostalgia. There are three original poems, and this is the second one. The poem uses the technique of descriptive words to concisely and vividly depict the protagonist's homesickness. For those who have left their hometown, there are many things to miss in their hometown.

However, the poem does not write about nostalgia for the mountains and rivers, local customs and customs, but about nostalgia for "have the winter plum blossoms bloomed yet?" in front of the window. It is really "the spirit is seen in the details", combining skill with simplicity, rich charm and lifelikeness.

Nothing, nothing fancy. The white clouds are used to compare the nobility of the hermit, and the green pine trees are used to symbolize the character of the hermit. Writing about finding someone but not meeting him brings out his admiration and admiration.