The main reasons for the total defeat of the Soviet Union in the early days of the Great Patriotic War

The main reasons for the total defeat of the Soviet Union at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War are as follows:

1. All the soldiers and civilians in the Soviet Union did not fully understand Nazi Germany's aggressive intentions.

The height of a person's thought determines his behavior and directly leads to the result of handling things. The most important reason for the Soviet Union's serious failure in the early stage of the war was that it did not have a good understanding in thought, so it was very weak in war defense, and blindness and indecision could be seen everywhere, which also predicted the direction of the war.

Although Soviet leaders realized the danger and inevitability of war, they underestimated the whole strategic policy of German fascism. Compared with the ideological struggle between Britain and France against the Soviet Union, Stalin even stood on the same front with Germany in some aspects, which made Stalin suffer a lot in the early days of the war.

After the war broke out, the Soviet army misjudged the main attack direction of the German army.

The Germans' undeclared war caught the Soviet Union off guard. Stalin blindly believed that the main attack direction of the German army should be in the southwest, aiming at the grain in Ukraine, the coal in Donbass and the oil in the Caucasus, so Stalin put the main force of the Soviet army in the southwest. In fact, Stalin guessed only a small part correctly.

Due to the weak defense of Soviet troops in Minsk-Smolensk-Moscow, the German Central Army Group was annihilated several hundred kilometers away from Moscow, and the Northern Army Group also successfully reached the periphery of Leningrad.

It was only the strong resistance of the Southern Army Group that led to the slower attack of the Southern Army Group than the other two routes, which made it possible for the 2nd Armored Army Group of the Central Army Group to go south and the 3rd Armored Army Group to go north to surround the Soviet Union, thus staged the largest siege war and increased the losses of the Soviet Union.

Third, due to the failure to accurately judge the outbreak of war, the domestic economy failed to fully turn into the wartime track.

This is closely related to the first point. Economic construction in peacetime does not focus on the military field. When a large-scale war broke out suddenly.

The direct result is the shortage of weapons and equipment, insufficient troops, and other strategic materials used in the war can not meet the needs, which leads to the end of the war is failure. Compared with the economic adjustment that Germany has completed, the Soviet Union can't even afford a protracted war, thanks to the weather in Moscow.

The Soviet army itself lags behind the German army.

There is a big gap between the Soviet Union and the German army in military thinking and weapons and equipment. It stands to reason that the Germans have used the new tactic of "Blitzkrieg" for two years, and the Soviets should know how powerful this new tactic is. However, when the "blitzkrieg" really hit itself, the Soviet Union's response was still very conventional and fragile.

The Soviet army with 29 tanks before the war was not in an order of magnitude with Germany in tank quality and tactics. The communication system against surprise attack is even more backward, and many orders cannot be issued directly, which leads to the lag of orders and slow action.

5. Domestic political influence.

Due to the counter-revolutionary movement from 1937 to 1938, the Soviet Union lost a large number of outstanding leading cadres and scientific and technological experts. The Soviet Union could not make up for this loss in a short time, but in order to cope with the increasingly severe international environment, the Soviet Union hastily promoted a large number of young officers.

These young officers lack theoretical knowledge and practical experience, and some even hold positions that do not meet their actual standards. The cruelty of war can best test the level of a military general, and the failure of the Soviet Union in the early stage can not be separated from the commander's ability to command the situation.