Can I swim in the indoor swimming pool during a thunderstorm?

My family also has an indoor swimming pool, but I never swim in thunderstorm weather!

First, safety comes first! Better not, because lightning will move,

Second, life is precious. Don't lose the pleasure of enjoying swimming for a long time for a thrill!

By the way, send some knowledge about swimming, I hope it will help you!

Equipment that should be prepared when swimming

Whether you are a beginner or a frequent swimmer, you should prepare some necessary equipment so that swimming activities can be carried out successfully.

First, the swimsuit that fits: the swimsuit must fit. If it is too big, it is easy to bring water when swimming, which will increase the weight and resistance of the body and affect the swimming action. Therefore, it is advisable to wear comfortable bathing suits and pants. As for quality, middle-aged and elderly people should choose pure wool or cotton wool products, and dark color is appropriate. Young people can choose beach-style nylon swimming trunks, and the bright colors are better, which can increase the aesthetic feeling.

Second, the appropriate swimming cap: wear a swimming cap when swimming, especially for women, to prevent messy hair. Sometimes poor water quality will prevent hair from turning yellow. The swimming cap should be made of elastic nylon or rubber-like products, not too big, otherwise it will fall off easily.

Third, swimming glasses: If the water quality is not clean, bacteria can easily enter the eyes when swimming, leading to pinkeye. In order to prevent eye diseases, you need to wear swimming glasses to swim. For beginners, wearing swimming glasses can also correct the problem of being unable to open your eyes in the water.

Earplugs: It is inevitable that water will flow into your ears when swimming. Water in the ear is uncomfortable, sometimes it hurts, which affects hearing. To prevent water from entering the ears, earplugs should be provided.

Five, floating objects: beginners, it is best to bring some floating objects, such as lifebuoys (clothes), foam boards and so on. However, when carrying these items with you, always check whether the life jacket and ring are leaking to prevent accidents.

Bath towels and slippers: Bath towels and slippers are necessary for swimmers. When swimming or going ashore after swimming, you can dry your body with a towel, put on a bath towel and put on slippers, which can not only keep warm, but also prevent colds and be more hygienic. In winter swimming, it is even more indispensable.

7. Nose clip: When swimming, water waves often flush water into the nostrils, causing coughing, especially for novices. In order to prevent water from entering the nostrils, it is best to prepare a nose clip (available in sporting goods stores), which can force inhalation through the mouth instead of the nose to avoid suffocation.

A treatment method of ear water injection-water injection method

There are two traditional ways to deal with ear water when swimming. The first method is suction, that is, lean your head to one side with water, press your palm against the ear with water, hold your breath, then quickly raise your palm and repeat it several times to suck out the water. Practice has proved that the effective rate of this method is only about 50%.

The second method is jumping, that is, standing on the shore, tilting your head to the side with water, supporting your body with your legs on that side, and jumping in the same place several times in a row to let the water flow out of your ears. Practice has proved that the efficiency of this method accounts for 80%-90%.

But if the methods of attraction and jumping don't work, we can try a new method-water lure. The way to do this is: turn your head to the waterless side, with the ear on the watery side facing up, ask your partner for help, or pour water into your ear with your own water, so that the ear with water faces down, or jump a few times, and the water will flow out by gravity. Practice has proved that the effective rate of this method is 100%.

Safety knowledge of swimming and prevention of drowning

First, swimming safety points

1. Don't be too hungry or too full when you go into the water. Don't go into the water for an hour after meals to avoid cramps;

2. Try the water temperature before entering the water. If the water is too cold, don't go into the water.

3. Swimming in rivers, lakes and seas must be accompanied by someone, not swimming alone;

4. Observe the swimming environment before launching. You can't swim here if there is a danger warning.

Don't swim in the canyon with unclear geographical environment. The water in these places is different in depth and cold, and obstacles may hurt people in the water, which is very unsafe;

6. Before diving, make sure that the water depth here is at least 3 meters, and there are no weeds, rocks or other obstacles underwater. It is safer to enter the water with your feet first;

7. When swimming in the sea, you should be parallel to the coastline. Those who are not skilled in swimming or lack of physical strength should not get involved in the depths. Make a mark on the coast, pay attention to whether you are washed too far, and adjust the direction in time to ensure safety.

Second, how to prevent lower limb cramps when swimming?

You must warm up before swimming.

You should consider your physical condition before swimming. If you are too full, hungry or tired, don't swim.

Before swimming, splash some water on your limbs and then jump into the water. Don't jump into the water at once.

If you have chest pain while swimming, you can press your chest hard and wait until you get better before going ashore.

When you have abdominal pain, you should go ashore. You'd better drink some hot drinks or soup to keep warm.

Third, the self-rescue strategy of swimming and drowning in summer

How to ensure the health and safety of swimming and avoid drowning? Unfamiliar with the water situation, rushing into the water can easily lead to life-threatening. For the unfortunate drowning incident, experts said that drowning people should not panic, but should remain calm and actively save themselves:

(1) For people with cramps in their hands and feet, if they have cramps in their fingers, they can hold their hands tightly, then forcibly open them and do them several times quickly until the cramps are eliminated;

(2) If the calf or toe cramps, first take a breath and float on the water, hold the toe of the cramped limb with the hand on the opposite side of the cramped limb, and pull it toward the body, and at the same time press the palm of the same side on the knee of the cramped limb to help the cramped limb straighten;

(3) If the thigh cramps, you can also use the method of lengthening the cramped muscles.

For drowning people, besides actively saving themselves, they should also actively carry out land rescue:

(1) If there is silt, weeds and vomit in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, it should be removed first to keep the upper respiratory tract unobstructed;

(2) If the drowning person has drunk a lot of water, the rescuer can kneel on one leg, bend his knees on the other leg, put the abdomen of the drowning person on his knees, hold the drowning person's head with one hand, and press his mouth with the other hand facing down to discharge the water;

(3) If the drowning person is unconscious, breathless or stops breathing, artificial respiration should be carried out after the above treatment. The drowning person can lie on his back, and the rescuer can hold the nose of the drowning person with one hand, hold his chin with the other hand, take a deep breath, and then blow air into the drowning person's mouth with his mouth. After blowing one breath, leave the mouth of the drowning person, release the hand holding the nose at the same time, and press the chest of the drowning person with your hand to help him exhale. This is repeated regularly, about 14-20 times per minute, which can be slightly slower at the beginning and accelerated appropriately at the later stage.

Fourth, drowning first aid.

Drowning is a common accident. Drowning can lead to suffocation and hypoxia. For example, if the heartbeat stops, it is called "drowning", and if the heartbeat does not stop, it is called "dying". This classification is of great significance to estimate the condition and prognosis, but the treatment principle is basically the same, so it is collectively called drowning.

First aid method

1. After the wounded are carried out of the water, the water, mud and dirt in their oral cavity and nasal cavity should be removed immediately. Wrap your fingers with gauze (handkerchief), pull the tongue of the wounded out of your mouth, unbutton the button and neckline, and keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. Then pick up the waist and abdomen of the wounded and let him pour water with his head back. Or pick up the injured person's legs, put his abdomen on the shoulders of emergency personnel, and quickly run over to pour out the accumulated water. Or the rescuer takes a semi-kneeling posture, puts the abdomen of the injured person on the leg of the rescuer, makes his head droop, and presses his back with his hand to pour water.

2. People who stop breathing should immediately carry out artificial respiration, and mouth-to-mouth blowing is generally the best. The first aider is located on the injured side, hold the injured person's jaw, hold the injured person's nostrils, take a deep breath, and slowly blow into the injured person's mouth. When the chest is slightly lifted, relax the nostrils and press the chest with one hand to help exhale. Repeatedly and rhythmically (blowing 16 ~ 20 times per minute) until breathing resumes.

People with cardiac arrest should do chest massage first. Let the wounded lie on his back, with a hard board on his back, his head down and his back tilted. The emergency personnel are located on the side of the wounded. Facing the wounded, put the palm of your right hand flat on the lower part of the sternum and your left hand on the back of your right hand. With the help of the body weight of the first-aid person, he should push slowly, but not too hard to prevent fracture. Then he should press the sternum down about 4 cm, then loosen his wrist (keep his hand from the sternum) to restore the sternum, and repeat it regularly (60-80.

5. What should I do if my ears get water while swimming?

Because water has a certain tension, it forms a barrier after entering the narrow external auditory canal, which divides the external auditory canal into two sections, and because of the gravity of water, secondary pressure is generated between the water barrier and the eardrum, maintaining the pressure balance on both sides of the water barrier, making it difficult for water to flow out automatically. Sometimes there is a large cerumen obstruction in the external auditory canal, so it is easier for water to wrap around cerumen after entering the ear canal, and it is not easy to flow out. After water enters the ear, it will cause deafness, dizziness and discomfort, so people often want to drain the water very urgently. Some people even use unclean clips, match sticks, small keys, etc. It can break the water barrier and make water flow out, but it is also easy to damage the external auditory canal and even the eardrum, leading to ear diseases.

After the water enters the ear, it should be discharged in time. The most common methods are:

1, one-legged jumping method: the affected ear is downward, and the water flows downward from the external auditory canal by the gravity of water.

2, external auditory canal method: you can press the tragus continuously with your palm or pull the auricle with your fingers; Or repeatedly open your mouth and move the temporomandibular joint, which can make the skin of the external auditory canal move up and down, left and right, or change the stability of the water barrier and pressure, so that water can flow out of the external auditory canal.

3, external auditory canal cleaning method: gently probe into the external auditory canal with a clean fine cotton swab, once you touch the water barrier, you can suck out the water.

Because the swimming pool or river water is unclean, the skin and eardrum of the external auditory canal are infected after the sewage enters the ear, or the water is improperly treated after entering the ear, which can often cause the following ear diseases, such as unclean ear digging. : otitis externa, swelling of external auditory canal, cerumenitis, suppurative otitis media.

If the above symptoms appear after entering the water, you should temporarily stop swimming and go to the hospital for examination and symptomatic treatment.

Matters needing attention in summer swimming with intransitive verbs

Swimming is the most popular activity in hot summer. Besides indoor and outdoor swimming pools, there are charming beaches, rivers and streams ... but while enjoying the fun, please pay special attention to the hidden crisis. More preparation and consideration in advance can bring us infinite laughter and avoid some unnecessary misfortune and regret.

There are many precautions for swimming in summer, which should be considered from many aspects. Here is a brief introduction:

It is not advisable to swim after meals and drinking.

Open wounds, skin diseases and eye diseases are not suitable for swimming.

If you have a cold, are sick, are unwell or weak, you are not suitable for swimming.

Thunderstorm weather is not suitable for swimming

The water temperature is too low and too cold to swim.

It is forbidden to make excessive jokes with your companions when swimming.

Don't go into the water, especially in the wild.

Don't swim when the wind and waves are too strong and the lights are not good.

Don't swim or dive in unknown waters.

The water is shallow and there are too many divers.

You should swim where there are lifeguards and where conditions permit.

Do warm-up exercises before going into the water.

Bring all the equipment for launching, and be sure to bring goggles.

Don't panic, don't mess in the water. If you have a cramp, please keep calm and drift backwards.

Try to participate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and self-help training in water. If you are not sure whether you should go into the water to save people, you can use bamboo poles, branches, ropes, clothes or floating objects to rescue while calling for help.

When camping, fishing and outdoor activities are near the water, children should be prevented from accidentally falling into the water.

Swimming at the seaside or outdoors should prevent sunburn and foot stab wounds.

Seventh, drowning

1, cause of death by drowning

It is mainly due to the inhalation of a large amount of water in the trachea that hinders breathing, or because of the strong spasm of the larynx and the closure of the respiratory tract.

2. Symptoms

The drowning person's face is bruised, his eyes are bloodshot, and his mouth, nostrils and trachea are full of blood bubbles. Cold limbs, weak pulse, even convulsions or respiratory heartbeat stop.

3. Self-help and mutual aid

When drowning happens, if you are unfamiliar with the water, you can take the method of self-help: in addition to calling for help, take a supine position and tilt your head back so that your nose can breathe out of the water. Shallow exhalation and deep inhalation. Because when inhaling deeply, the body specific gravity drops to 0.967, which is slightly lighter than water, and can surface (when exhaling, the body specific gravity is 1.057, which is slightly heavier than water), so don't panic at this time, and don't raise your arm and flap it left and right to make your body sink faster.

Swimmers, if they have cramps in their calves, should keep calm, take a backstroke posture, bend the toes of the cramped legs backwards with their hands to release the cramps, and then slowly swim to the shore.

To rescue the drowning man, swim to the vicinity of the drowning man quickly, observe the position clearly and rescue him from the rear. Or throw boards, lifebuoys, long poles, etc. So that the drowning person can climb ashore.

After the water rescue:

First clean up the silt and sputum in the mouth and nose of the drowning person, take off the false teeth, and then control the water. The rescuer kneels on one leg and puts the drowning person on his thigh, so that the water in the drowning person can be discharged from the trachea and mouth by posture. In some rural areas, the drowning person will lie on the back of the cow, with his head and feet suspended, driving the cow to walk, thus controlling water and playing the role of artificial respiration. If the drowning person's breathing and heartbeat have stopped, give mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration immediately and massage the chest at the same time.

Eight, how to prevent drowning

Swimming is one of teenagers' favorite sports. However, if you are not prepared, lack safety awareness, panic when you encounter an accident, and you can't save yourself calmly, it is easy to cause drowning casualties.

In order to ensure the safety of swimming and prevent drowning accidents, the following must be done:

1, don't go swimming alone, let alone in places where you don't know the bottom and water conditions, or dangerous places where drowning casualties are likely to occur. Choose a good swimming place and have a clear understanding of the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water.

You must be organized and swim under the guidance of a teacher or someone familiar with water. Take care of each other. If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after launching and designate lifeguards for safety protection.

Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in limbs should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then go swimming after getting used to the water temperature. Students with dentures should take them off to prevent them from falling into the esophagus or trachea when choking.

4. Be self-aware of your own water quality, don't be brave after entering the water, don't dive and snorkel rashly, and don't fight with each other to avoid drowning. Don't swim in rapids and whirlpools, let alone drink and swim.

5. If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help.

6, in swimming, if the calf or leg cramps, don't panic, you can kick or jump hard, or massage hard, strain the cramp, and call for help to your partner.

7. When a drowning accident occurs in swimming, the first aid on the spot is urgent, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, the vomit, sediment and other impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity should be removed immediately to keep breathing smooth; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the abdomen of the drowning person so that his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his abdomen on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water". Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly.

How did you save yourself from drowning?

During the summer vacation, many students like to travel together, especially because of the hot weather, everyone is willing to play and swim by the water, and often at this time, it is easy to have dangerous situations. Since this summer vacation, students have been drowning from time to time, and some of these accidents are caused by students not mastering scientific rescue skills when helping each other. Not long ago, a drowning incident occurred in qitaihe city, Heilongjiang Province. Five high school students drowned to save their drowning classmates.

On July 14, 2004, some students from Class 5 of Qi Mei Group Senior Middle School spontaneously organized a visit to Wanbao Reservoir in qitaihe city, Heilongjiang Province. Along the way, the students walked on the steep mountain road and enjoyed the charming natural scenery around them. /kloc-Qing Li, a 0/6-year-old girl, went to the reservoir without guardrails to wash her hands alone. The cement dam is relatively flat, with a steep long slope, and the underwater part near the dam is covered with moss. At this time, the accident happened. She slipped and fell, and soon. Qing Li, who can't swim, panicked. She struggled for help. Students Li Quanrui and Xu Bao Zhong, who are playing nearby, rushed over after hearing the cry for help. They held their hands to save people. Just as they touched their hands, Li Quanrui and Xu, who were unfamiliar with water, slipped and the lake immediately flooded their heads. They drifted farther and farther away, and seemed to have felt closer and closer to death. Eight boys, including Li Kai, saw this situation and immediately ran to the dam. They formed two groups of human chains and went hand in hand to the lake to rescue three students who fell into the water. At this time, the students who fell into the water were 6 or 7 meters away from the shore, and Fang Weixin and other students had reached waist-deep water. At this time, the accident happened again. The students standing there slipped several times. Fang Wei Xinhe and Li Kai were pulled ashore by their classmates because they were close to the shore, and the other three students suddenly disappeared after sinking into the water. Just then, Zhang Zhiyu, a girl of 16 years old, ran down from the mountain and rushed to the dam. She jumped into the water and swam to Qing Li, which was struggling 8 or 9 meters away. Qing Li gripped Zhang Zhiyu's arm like a lifesaver. In the panic, the students shouted for help from passers-by, and several migrant workers who could swim jumped into the water without saying anything, saving the drowning boy. Because the water was particularly turbid and the visibility was above 1 m, several people kept swimming forward, looking for it. At the same time, the students quickly called the 120 emergency center. When several children were fished ashore, their faces were blue, their pupils were dilated and they had been drowning for a long time. The five students who fell into the water were then taken to the hospital for rescue, but due to the long drowning time, five students died after being rescued. Five young lives just disappeared. Their desperate efforts to rescue their classmates at the critical moment were shocking, but the accident was regrettable. In fact, in our daily life, drowning accidents happen from time to time. What should we do if we meet a drowning person?

Drowning is a common accident such as swimming or falling into puddles and wells. Drowning generally occurs in swimming pools, reservoirs, puddles, ponds, rivers, streams, beaches and other places. Summer is the season with frequent drowning accidents. Every summer, there will be drowning accidents in swimming. Among the drowning people, some can't swim, and some can swim and are good at water.

Now is the season when the weather is getting hotter. With the coming of summer vacation, the number of drowning casualties among primary and secondary school students has also increased significantly. Surveys by the Ministry of Education and other units in Beijing, Shanghai and other 10 provinces and cities show that at present, there are10.6 million abnormal deaths of primary and secondary school students in China every year, and on average, more than 40 students die every day from accidents such as drowning, traffic or food poisoning, among which drowning and traffic are still the top two accidental deaths. Let's look at a set of drowning accident data in 2004.

On June 2 1 day, five female students drowned in Ziyang County, Shaanxi Province. Among the five students killed, the oldest was 14 years old and the youngest was only 7 years old.

On June 25th, three primary school students in Fu 'an City, Fujian Province drowned while swimming by the stream.

On June 29th, three female students aged about 10 in Dazhou, Sichuan Province drowned while playing in the pond.

On July 1 day, three female students in Shangdu City, Henan Province drowned while swimming in the reservoir.

On July 4th, four junior high school students, aged about 16, swam in Songhua River in Jilin Province, and three of them drowned, 1 still alive.

How should you save yourself from drowning?

When someone falls into the water, rescuers should not rush to save people, because it will be very dangerous if they are caught by the drowning person. Entanglement with the drowning person in the water will not only consume a lot of physical strength of the rescuer, but sometimes even lead to exhaustion of physical strength of the rescuer and eventually death. If the situation is very urgent at that time, and the rescuer has certain rescue skills, then the rescuer should take off his clothes and shoes as soon as possible before entering the water, and try to avoid being caught by the drowning person when approaching.

10. How much do parents know about their children's swimming safety when they take their children to swimming venues for summer fitness?

Swimming in hot summer is a pleasure, but the danger brought by swimming every year can not be ignored. What safety knowledge do you need to master in swimming?

Don't inhale through your nose.

Breathing in through the nose when swimming is the most likely cause of suffocation. Before the child goes into the water, parents should explain this problem clearly to the child to arouse his vigilance. If you choke on water, first open your mouth and take a deep breath. Even if you drink a few mouthfuls of water, you should open your mouth and not gasp through your nose. Children are often afraid of drinking water. In fact, for beginners, drinking more saliva is better than choking. World swimming champions sometimes have to drink in the pool. Fu pointed to the beginners in the swimming pool and told reporters, you see, it's easy for beginners to swim with their mouths closed. Although the coach has repeatedly stressed swimming with his mouth open, the children are still not used to it.

Don't play around the swimming pool

The swimming pool is mostly surrounded by mosaic ground, and swimmers walk back and forth on it, leaving a lot of water, so the ground is very slippery. Children are very active and often run around on them. Once they fall, they will be in danger.

Never dive upside down.

Some children like to dive upside down by the pool, thinking it is exciting, but they don't know that there is danger hidden inside. According to coach Fu, the child dives backward, his body leans slightly, his mouth is easy to touch the pool water, and his chin is easy to fracture. Other children turn and dive, and they will be in danger if they are not careful. Some children bow their heads and feel funny; But some swimming pools are not deep, and some children are hard and fierce. For this reason, people sometimes touch their heads at the bottom of the pool, which will seriously endanger their lives.

Prevent leg cramps

Children are in a panic when they learn to swim. In addition, the water is very cold, and if he stays in the water for a long time, he may have a cramp in his leg. At this time, parents and children should not be too nervous. They should stop swimming immediately and float on their backs. According to coach Fu, one of the effective ways to prevent cramps is to make full preparations before swimming. Warm-up activities include moving the joints of the head, neck, shoulders, arms, waist and legs, hands and feet. Sometimes parents can also splash some water on their children's limbs to let them gradually adapt to the water temperature and then swim in the water. You can also drink some light salt water in advance.

Don't let children leave their parents' sight.

The child is too young to have the concept of safety. Although their parents talked about this knowledge, they still played with water and forgot their parents' advice. Therefore, when children swim, parents must always pay attention to ensure the safety of their children. Even if children learn to swim, or the area looks safer, parents should always keep an eye on their children so that they can take immediate action when they perceive something bad.

Prevent children's earache and tinnitus

When a child swims, if his ear gets water, he will tilt his head to the side where the ear gets water, pull the earlobe hard and jump on one leg on the same side; Aim the palm of your hand at the ear canal, block the ear tightly with your hand, tilt your head to the left when the left ear enters the water, tilt your head to the right when the right ear enters the water, and then quickly remove your hand to suck out the water. Then use a sterile cotton swab to send it into the ear canal to suck water.

Prevent children from nausea and vomiting.

When a child swims, some will cause temporary nausea due to choking water, drinking water, fatigue and nervousness. He should go ashore in time, press Zhongwan and Neiguan points with his fingers or take some Ren Dan.

Don't swim in rivers, lakes, seas and reservoirs.

Try not to let children swim in rivers, lakes, seas and reservoirs. Every year, children drown because they swim alone in these places. The water in these places seems calm, but because there is a vortex hidden underwater, it may be swept away by the vortex as soon as it enters the water. If you want to go to these places, you must be accompanied by your parents and bring safety equipment such as floating and drifting. Swimming in the sea, preferably parallel to the coastline. Those with poor swimming skills and insufficient physical strength should not get involved in the depths. Be more careful when swimming in places with unclear geographical environment. If there are obstacles underwater, it will be dangerous to hit hard things or get entangled in underwater things.

XI。 Self-help after swimming distress

Accidents often encountered in swimming include cramps, fatigue, whirlpools, sharp waves and so on. Mastering certain self-help skills can eliminate danger or buy time to wait for others to save you.

When you encounter an accident in swimming, you should be calm and save yourself according to certain methods. If it is really not possible, send out a distress signal so as to get help and rescue from peers or rescuers in time.

In the following cases, self-help methods can be adopted:

Self-rescue method of cramp in water

The main parts of cramps are calves and thighs, and sometimes fingers, toes and stomach also occur. The main reasons for cramps are that there is no or insufficient warm-up activity before entering the water, the organs and muscle tissues of the body are inactive, and after entering the water, they suddenly do violent kicking and paddling, or cramps occur because the muscles suddenly contract due to cold water. Swimming for a long time, excessive fatigue and physical exertion, a lot of heat dissipation in the body or mental tension, swimming movements are not coordinated, cramps can also occur.

Don't panic when you have cramps while swimming. Be sure to stay calm, stop swimming, float on your back, and take different methods to save yourself according to different parts.

If leg cramps are caused by fatigue due to low water temperature, you can put your body in a supine position. Hold the toe of the cramped leg with your hand, pull it up hard to straighten the cramped leg, step on the water with the other foot, and paddle with the other hand to help the body float, and it will return to normal for many times in a row. After landing, knead it into a mountain point or a weizhong point with your fingertips and massage it.

When your hands cramp, you should make a fist quickly, then straighten it hard and repeat it many times until you recover. If one hand cramps, in addition to the above actions, you can also massage Hegu, Neiguan and Waiguan points.

For upper abdominal muscle cramps, you can pinch Zhongwan point (four inches above the umbilicus), cooperate with Zusanli point, or lie on your back in the water, bend your legs to the abdominal wall, then straighten them, and repeat several times.

After pulling the tendons, swim back to the shore in a different swimming position. If you have to still use the same swimming posture, you should be wary of cramping again.

Water grass self-help method

Rivers, lakes and berths near the shore or shallow water generally have weeds or silt. Swimmers should try to avoid swimming in these places. What should I do if I am unfortunately entangled in aquatic plants or stuck in the mud?

First of all, be calm, don't step on the water, and don't tamper with it, otherwise it will make your limbs more difficult to get rid of, or get deeper and deeper in the mud.

Use backstroke (legs straight, palms back) to slowly back along the original path. Or lie flat on the water, let your legs separate and let go with your hands.

If you carry a knife with you, you can cut off weeds, or try to kick them away or smooth your hands and feet like socks. When you can't get rid of yourself, call for help in time.

After removing the aquatic plants, swim with a gentle kick and leave the place where the aquatic plants are overgrown as soon as possible.

Self-help method in whirlpool

Vortex will appear where the river suddenly widens, narrows and twists, where there are obstacles such as protruding rocks at the bottom of the water, where there are sunken deep pools, and where the riverbed is uneven. When flash floods and the river surges, the vortex is the most. There are always whirlpools at the seaside, so pay more attention.

Where there is a whirlpool, garbage and leaves often swirl around the whirlpool on the water. As long as you pay attention, you can find it early and try to avoid approaching.

If you are close, don't step in the water. You should lie flat on the water immediately, swim quickly and crawl along the whirlpool. Because of the weak attraction of the vortex edge, it is not easy to get involved in large objects, so the body must lie flat on the water, and must not step on the water or dive vertically into the water.

Fatigue excessive self-help method

Swimming after excessive fatigue or swimming after excessive swimming is easy to cause cramps or drowning due to lack of physical strength. What should I do in this situation?

If you feel cold or tired, you should swim back to the shore at once. If you are far away from the shore, or too tired to return to the shore at once, float on the water to save your strength.

Raise a hand, relax and let the other person save you. Don't cling to the rescuer.

If no one comes, continue to float on the water and swim back to the shore after recovering.

Twelve, swimming 16 bogey

Swimming is a good way to temper people's will and exercise, but swimming also has taboos.

1, avoid swimming before and after meals.

Swimming on an empty stomach will affect appetite and digestive function, and there will be accidents such as dizziness and fatigue during swimming. Swimming with a full stomach will also affect the digestive function, and it will also cause stomach cramps and even vomiting and abdominal pain.

2. Avoid swimming after strenuous exercise.

Swimming immediately after strenuous exercise will increase the burden on the heart; A sudden drop in body temperature will weaken resistance and cause colds, pharyngitis and so on.

3, avoid swimming during menstruation

Swimming during menstruation, germs easily enter the uterus, fallopian tubes and other places, causing infection, leading to irregular menstruation, excessive menstruation and prolonged menstruation.

4. Avoid swimming in unfamiliar waters.

When swimming in natural waters, don't jump into the water. Under complicated circumstances, it is not advisable to swim around the water surface and underwater to avoid accidents.

5. Avoid swimming in the sun for a long time.

Prolonged exposure can lead to sunburn or acute dermatitis, also known as sunburn. In order to prevent sunburn, it is best to use an umbrella to shade the sun after landing, or rest in a cool place, or use a bath towel to protect the skin, or apply sunscreen to exposed parts of the body.

6. Avoid swimming unprepared.

The water temperature is usually lower than the body temperature. Therefore, warm-up activities must be done before entering the water, otherwise it will easily lead to physical discomfort.

7. Avoid eating immediately after swimming.

It is advisable to rest for a while before eating after swimming, otherwise it will suddenly increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract, which will easily lead to gastrointestinal diseases after a long time.

8. Avoid swimming for too long

Skin generally has three reaction periods to cold stimulation.

The first stage: after entering the water, stimulated by cold, the skin blood vessels contract and the skin color is pale.

The second stage: after staying in the water for a certain period of time, the blood flow on the body surface expands, the skin turns from pale to reddish, and the skin turns from cold to warm.

The third stage: if you stay too long, your body temperature will dissipate more than your fever, and your skin will get goose bumps and chills.