When planting melons and fruits, what are the causes of melon and fruit deformity?

First, let's analyze why it is difficult to set fruit.

1. The damage caused by climatic environment is the main reason:

1. Temperature. Watermelon is a female and male flower crop, which generally uses bees and other insects for pollination, but in flowering period, if it meets rainy weather and low temperature weather, it will affect the pollination of watermelon, which will lead to poor watermelon sitting; At the same time, if the watermelon encounters high temperature weather in full bloom, it will also cause the vines of watermelon to grow wildly, which will affect the fruit's absorption of nutrients and lead to poor fruit setting.

2. Lighting. During the whole growth period from sowing to maturity, a lot of light intensity and time are needed. If the light is too weak, the watermelon will have long internodes and large and thin leaves, which will lead to the inability to carry out strong photosynthesis. Finally, the flowers and fruits will drop because of insufficient nutrition, and the final sugar content of the fruit will also decrease, resulting in poor quality.

3, moisture. Watermelon has strong drought tolerance, and it is sensitive to excessive air humidity. If the air humidity is too high, it will seriously affect the fruit setting rate, and it is also prone to diseases and pests. In particular, continuous rainy weather will make watermelon unable to pollinate and fertilize normally, resulting in serious imbalance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, plant overgrowth, and a large number of young fruits turning into melons, which will lead to serious consequences of watermelon's difficulty in sitting, late sitting and many abnormal fruits.

4. Planting density. Too dense will cause each watermelon not to absorb nutrients evenly, and it is impossible to ensure that all watermelons can grow and develop normally, and may even be deformed. Moreover, the field permeability is too poor, which seriously affects the growth of underground leaves and stems and causes poor fruit setting. Too thin will make watermelon over-nourished, cause watermelon to grow tillers, and affect normal fruit development.

5. Fertilize. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer, the vines and stems of watermelon grow in vain, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of plants appear unbalanced, and the fruit is malnourished, which eventually leads to poor fruit setting or even falling flowers and fruits.

second, prevention and control measures.

1. Reasonable close planting. The planting density should be based on the principle of good ventilation and light transmission, and should be cultivated reasonably according to the climatic environment of the region, neither too dense nor too thin.

2. Create suitable environmental conditions. Try to keep the temperature at about 25℃ during flowering and fruit setting. In early spring cultivation, we should focus on raising the temperature and prevent high temperature and humidity. Under the condition of protected cultivation, the light condition should be improved as much as possible in early spring cultivation, the dust and debris on the surface of plastic film should be cleaned frequently, and the opaque cover should be uncovered in time. Under the premise that the temperature can meet the growth, the shed film can be lifted or the covering can be reduced as much as possible.

3. Strengthen fertilizer and water management. Controlling nitrogen, supplementing phosphorus and increasing potassium. Don't water during the flowering and fruiting period to prevent the melon seedlings from growing vigorously. If the melon seedlings grow vigorously, the growth of stems and vines can be inhibited by methods such as strong pruning, deep pressure on vines and twisting the top of stems and vines.

4, timely control of pests and diseases. Watermelon is prone to diseases such as Fusarium wilt, virus disease, anthracnose, epidemic disease, aphids, thrips and other diseases and insect pests. After discovering the diseases and insect pests, it should be prevented in time, so as to prevent the flowers from falling and the melons from melting.