In which layer of the atmosphere do weather phenomena such as wind, rain and lightning occur?

In the troposphere, the main atmospheric activities are in this layer.

In the troposphere, the temperature decreases with the elevation, with an average increase of 100 m, and the troposphere temperature decreases by about 0.65℃. The reason why the temperature decreases with the increase of altitude is that the main heat source of troposphere atmosphere is ground long-wave radiation. The higher off the ground, the less heated and the lower the temperature. However, under certain conditions, the temperature in the troposphere will also increase with the increase of height, which is the so-called "inversion phenomenon".

Extended data

In the troposphere, according to the motion state of the atmosphere in the troposphere, the vertical variation characteristics of temperature and the variation characteristics of weather phenomena, the troposphere can be further divided into the following three layers:

(1) Lower layer: The lower layer is also called disturbance layer or friction layer. It generally ranges from the ground to a height of 2 kilometers. With the difference of seasons and days and nights, there are some changes in the scope of the lower layer, which is generally higher in summer than in winter and higher in day than at night.

In this layer, the airflow is greatly influenced by ground friction, and the turbulent exchange is particularly strong. Usually with the increase of height, the wind speed increases and the wind direction deflects. This layer is affected by the ground thermal effect, and the temperature also has obvious diurnal variation. Because of the high content of water vapor and dust particles in this layer, low clouds, fog and floating dust often appear. ?

(2) Intermediate layer: The bottom boundary of the intermediate layer is at the top of the friction layer, and the height of the upper layer is about 6 kilometers. Due to the weakening of friction, the turbulent motion in the middle layer decreases and the advection motion increases, which is much less affected by the ground than the friction layer. The motion law of the atmosphere is relatively simple and clear, and the airflow situation can basically represent the air motion trend of the whole troposphere. The main weather phenomena in the atmosphere, such as clouds and precipitation, are mostly produced in this layer.