Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Where is the planting base of Shuanggou watermelon in Jiangsu?
Where is the planting base of Shuanggou watermelon in Jiangsu?
Planting method of watermelon
1. Soak seeds to accelerate germination: dry watermelon seeds for 2 days before sowing, then disinfect the seeds, soak them in warm water at 55℃, wash the treated seeds, accelerate germination at 40℃ for 6 hours and at 33℃ in an incubator, and sow when radicle grows to 0.5 cm.
2. Prepare seedbed: Watermelon seedbed should be selected in the plot with sunny lee and high and dry terrain, which is convenient for management. Seedling should be raised in greenhouse or shed in early spring, and sunshade should be set up in late autumn. Nutritious soil should be loose and free from pests and diseases, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied in proportion and slightly sticky.
3. Sowing in time: Early-maturing watermelon varieties were sowed from mid-February to late March last year, while middle-maturing watermelon varieties were sowed from April to June, and sowing in autumn was postponed to mid-late July. Before sowing, water the seeds for 65,438 0 days. When sowing, spread the seeds in nutrient pots, with 65,438+0 seeds in each pot, and cover them with film.
4. Temperature management: the seedbed temperature of watermelon after sowing is controlled at 28~35℃ during the day and 20~25℃ at night. After 80% seeds break ground and emerge, it is kept at 20~25℃ during the day, at 15~ 18℃ at night, and after the first 1 real leaf appears.
5. Water management: Watermelon seedlings are generally not watered before they are unearthed, but should be watered during cotyledon period, and the amount of water can be increased after the real leaves are exhibited. In addition, attention should be paid to uncovering the film and ventilation to prevent high temperature and high humidity. Watermelon seedlings in autumn are dry at high temperature, so pay attention to hydration.
Planting management method of watermelon
1. Selective fertilization: Watermelon planting should choose sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and convenient irrigation and drainage. The base fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer, supplemented by inorganic fertilizer, which generally accounts for 60~70% of the total fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be reasonably matched, and topdressing or spraying micro-fertilizer at the bottom according to the situation.
2. Timely planting: Early-maturing watermelon varieties can be planted when they grow 2-3 true leaves at about 65,438+0 months old, middle-maturing watermelon varieties can be planted at 20-25 days old, and late-maturing watermelon varieties can be planted at 7-65,438+00 days old, with 2 rows of wide border and 65,438+0 narrow border.
3. Pruning and pressing vines: Watermelon generally adopts the three-vine method. When the main vine is 8-9 leaves, choose the main vine and two robust lateral vines. When the vines grow to 50 cm, combine pruning and soil compaction, and then press 1 time every 3-4 knots, and press each vine for 2-3 times to control the vines evenly.
4. Turn melons when sitting: Watermelon is selected to sit on the 2nd and 3rd female flowers on the main vine or 1 and 2nd female flowers on the side vine. In case of low temperature or rainy weather, artificial pollination should be used. When the fruit is fully grown, turn the melon in time and turn it in one direction, each time about 1/3.
5. Water and fertilizer management: When young watermelons grow to the size of eggs, you can choose Woye water-soluble fertilizer watermelon fertilization package according to the plant growth. When there is water shortage, irrigation should be carried out in the morning and evening when the temperature is low, and the accumulated water in the field should be drained in time after the rain.
6. Timely harvesting: Watermelon should be harvested in the morning, transported or stored for a long distance when it is eight ripe, and harvested when it is sold in the suburbs on the ninth ripe day. Generally, early-maturing varieties are harvested about 30 days after pollination, middle-maturing varieties are harvested about 35 days, and late-maturing varieties are harvested about 40 days.
7. Pest control: The main diseases of watermelon are Fusarium wilt, anthracnose, virus disease, powdery mildew and epidemic disease. The main pests are black cutworm, aphid, red spider, yellow cucumber, melon maggot, liriomyza sativae and so on. In the process of planting management, prevention and control should be strengthened.
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