Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Weather inquiry - Who's Zheng Zhenduo?
Who's Zheng Zhenduo?
[Edit this paragraph] Representative works
He is the author of Literature Outline, A Brief History of Russian Literature, Essays on China Literature, History of Popular Literature in China, Excavation of Centennial Tomb, Capital Construction and Protection of Ancient Cultural Relics, Overseas Collection of China Ancient Paintings, Historical Reference Atlas of China, Atlas of Great Artistic Tradition, Illustrated History of China Literature and Atlas of China Printmaking History. Prose collection rickets, diary of a trip to Europe, miscellaneous notes in the mountains, dagger collection, sleepy collection, sea salt, ethnic dialects, notes of seclusion, translation of Sha Ning, blood stains, grey horse, crescent moon collection, bird collection, Indian fable, and Zheng Zhenduo's collected works. Among them, "Farewell, My Love China" is one of the essays "Farewell", which was selected as the sixth volume of the fifth grade next semester of Shanghai Education Press. Cat was selected as the sixth lesson of the second semester of grade seven in the junior high school textbook of People's Education Press. Poetry: We are teenagers and swallows.
[Edit this paragraph] Resume
Zheng Zhenduo, a native of Changle, Fujian, was born in Yongjia, Zhejiang (now Wenzhou) on February 1898 19. 19 17 summer, with the help of relatives and friends, I went to Beijing Railway Management School (now Beijing Jiaotong University) to study. After school, I read a lot of western sociological works and Russian critical realism literature, and I was enlightened in thought and literature. Soon met Qu Qiubai, Geng Jizhi, Xu Dishan and others; When the May 4th Movement broke out, they became student representatives of their schools and actively participated in the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal movements. 191911.Together, they founded New Society magazine and advocated social transformation. 19 19 12, New China published his translation of Lenin's Russian Political Party. /kloc-in the summer of 0/920, he and Geng Jizhi translated the lyrics of The Internationale together. 10, Zheng Zhenduo, Ye and others initiated the establishment of the Literature Research Association. 192 1 spring, I went to work in Shanghai after graduation. Soon, he served as the editor of Deng Xue (Shanghai News Supplement) and was introduced by Shen Yanbing to work in the Compilation Institute of the Commercial Press. On May 10 of the same year, Literature Newsletter, the organ newspaper of the Literature Research Association edited by him, was founded, which was an influential publication in the early New Literature Movement. At the same time, he began to edit and publish literary research series, and also participated in the publication of plays and poems. From 1922 to 65438+ 10, he edited Children's World Weekly, the first children's literature publication in China, and wrote many works, which played a pioneering role in the cause of modern children's literature in China. 1923 65438+ 10 month, replacing Shen Yanbing as editor-in-chief of Novel Monthly. During this period, he published a large number of literary comments in the Journal of Literature Xun and the Monthly Novel, and fought resolutely against the old feudal literature, criticizing the view of some people in the new literary camp that "art is for art's sake" and became an important theoretical critic of the literary research society, which was as famous as Shen Yanbing at that time.
1925 After the May 30th tragedy, Zheng Zhenduo, Ye and Li founded the Axiom Daily to expose and attack imperialist atrocities. In the same year, he participated in the launching of "China Relief Society" and signed the Declaration on the Protection of Human Rights with Guo Moruo, Shen Yanbing and Hu Yuzhi. During this period, his main academic works include A Brief History of Russian Literature, A Biography of Thai Gore, and Literature Outline. A Brief History of Russian Literature (1924) is the first monograph in this field in China, which has played a positive role in introducing Russian literature (including Soviet literature). There is a special chapter in the book that introduces and comments on the literary theories of belinsky, Chernyshevski and Lyubov of Dobro, and gives high praise to Gorky's creation and his literary thoughts, which is especially rare at that time. The Biography of Tagore (1925) is the first monograph in China to introduce and comment on the famous Indian poet Tagore. The 800,000-word Literature Outline (1927) integrates the history of Chinese and foreign literature and its representative works in one volume, which broadens the horizons of literary workers and has great influence on introducing the history of world literature and strengthening the exchange and comparative study of Chinese and foreign literature.
1927 February, Zheng Zhenduo, Ye and others initiated the establishment of the "Shanghai Writers Association" and actively participated in the revolutionary activities of Shanghai workers before and after the third armed uprising. After the "April 12th" coup, He and others wrote to the Kuomintang authorities, strongly protesting against the massacre of revolutionary masses, and were arrested for taking the risk. In May, he took a boat to Europe to take refuge and study. In the libraries of France, Britain and other countries, I read books about China's ancient novels, operas and essays, studied Greek and Roman literature, and translated Introduction to Folklore (later destroyed by Japanese artillery fire), Introduction to Folklore (1934) and History of Ancient City Tombs Excavation in Recent Hundred Years (1930). 1928 10, returned to Shanghai.
After returning to China, Zheng Zhenduo participated in the launching of the Chinese Writers Association and served as the executive committee member. 193 1 autumn, went to Beiping as a professor of Chinese Department of yenching university and Tsinghua University. 1932, his illustrated history of China literature was published. This book is illustrated with pictures and texts, rich in historical materials and broad in vision, which fully affirms the position of folk literature in the history of literature. 1934 published essays such as Essays on China Literature and Rickets, and a collection of novels praising the realistic revolutionary struggle against Greek mythology, The Light Catcher. During this period, he also participated in editing famous large-scale literary publications, such as Literature and Literary Quarterly.
1in the spring of 935, Zheng Zhenduo went to Shanghai to be the dean of the College of Arts and the head of the Chinese Department of Jinan University. Since then, he has edited the large-scale literature series Universal Library, organized many famous writers, translators and scholars, systematically introduced Chinese and foreign classical literature masterpieces, and made a grand plan. Although the original plan could not be fully realized due to the limited conditions at that time, it was still an important achievement of cultural publishing in the 1930s. Before and after this, he participated in the compilation of China New Literature Series, cooperated with Lu Xun in compiling Beiping Annotation Spectrum and Shizhuzhai Annotation Spectrum, and assisted Lu Xun in compiling and publishing Qu Qiubai's posthumous work "The Forest at Sea". At the end of 1935, he participated in the "Shanghai Cultural Salvation Association". 1June, 936, "China Writers and Artists Association" was established, and Zheng Zhenduo was elected as its director. During this period, he also wrote literary prose Collection of Short Swords (1936) and historical novel Guigongtang (1937).
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Zheng Zhenduo participated in the launching of "Shanghai Cultural Salvation Society" and the founding of Wang Jiu Daily. Before and after the fall of Shanghai, he saved a large number of precious ancient documents for the country, edited and photocopied the Catalogue of China Printmaking History, Xuanlantang Series and Ming Dynasty Historical Materials Series. His History of Popular Literature in China was published in 1938, which represented the highest level of domestic research in this field at that time. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the head of Shanghai Branch of Ren Zhonghua National Federation of Anti-Japanese Literary and Art Circles participated in the establishment of China Association for Promoting Democracy. He is the editor-in-chief of Democracy Weekly. Together with Li Jianwu, he edited Renaissance Monthly, calling on writers to write for the people and democracy, and also compiled China Historical Reference Atlas and China Ancient Paintings Collected Abroad.
1February, 949, Zheng Zhenduo bypassed Hongkong and entered the Liberated Area. In July, he attended the first congress of all-China writers and artists and was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and Chinese Writers Association (later renamed Writers Association). After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as director of the Cultural Relics Bureau, director of the Archaeological Institute, director of the Literature Institute, academician of the China Academy of Sciences, vice minister of culture, vice chairman of the China Folk Literature and Art Research Association, and director of the China Quyi Workers Association. Editor-in-chief: Catalogue of Great Art Traditions (1952), A Brief History of China Ancient Prints (1985), etc. Editor-in-chief of Ancient Drama Series and China Ancient Printmaking Series. From 65438 to 0957, he edited and published three volumes of China Literature Studies, which basically covered all the fields and special topics of China literature studies he had involved before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and reflected his achievements in these fields. 1958 10 08 10 18, he was killed in a plane crash while leading a cultural delegation from China to visit abroad.
Social assessment
Zheng Zhenduo has made many outstanding contributions to China's cultural and academic career. In terms of literary theory, he was one of the important advocates of "for life" literature in the early days of literary revolution. 192 1 in June, he further put forward the slogan of "blood and tears literature" and asked progressive writers to create "blood and tears red works" (our miscellaneous notes). Since then, he has adhered to the revolutionary realism literary theory all his life, emphasized the role of literature in social reform and advocated that literature should serve the people. In terms of literary research, he advocated and engaged in the comprehensive comparative study of ancient and modern literature at home and abroad in the early 1920s, and put forward and began to sort out and study the history of China literature with new viewpoints and methods, especially paying attention to the collection and research of folk literature, novels and operas, and did a lot of pioneering work.
I went back to my hometown when I was young.
First of all, we want to explore whether Zheng Zhenduo returned to his hometown in his youth. Although Zheng Zhenduo grew up in Wenzhou and went to Beijing for further study, and went to Shanghai after graduating from Railway Management School, and worked in the Commercial Press for a long time, he still kept close contact with his relatives in his hometown and returned to his hometown. Mao Dun wrote a letter to Qi Ming (Zhou Shuren) on1921015 (see Mao Dun's Letters, published by Culture and Art Publishing House 1988). According to the research of Zheng Zhenduo research expert Dr. Chen Fukang, it took more than a month for his ancestors to be buried in Changle via Fuzhou. The "returning home to bury the ancestors" here naturally returned to the hometown of Changle Shouzhan Village. 1995 In early winter, Shouzhan Village in Changle collected relevant cultural relics in memory of Zheng Zhenduo, and collected a precious material-Shouzhan Zheng's incomplete Obituary. On a piece of octo paper, we can also see 36 names * * *, including the words "I brought my nephew, great-grandson Zhenduo". According to patriarch Zheng's memory, many plaques and introductions reflecting the deeds of Zheng Xianzu were hung in the first battle of the year, and the family motto of "Shi Pei's faithfulness" written by Zheng Shiwei (1503- 1584), a famous minister of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, hung in the middle ... Therefore, although he lived, studied and worked in a foreign land for a long time, he always cared and loved his hometown.
Heart to heart with people in my hometown.
19 19 The news of the May 4th Movement reached Fujian, which had a great impact. In Fuzhou, students from different schools gathered twice to support the patriotic movement of Beijing students and mourn Guo Qinguang, a Fujian student from Peking University who was killed by reactionary military police. In Xiamen, young students held rallies and demonstrations, which later developed into a national assembly attended by people from all walks of life, angrily condemning the crimes of the warlord government and Japanese imperialism. The May 4th fire broke out in Bamin. However, Japanese imperialism sent warships to Xiamen and Fuzhou successively to carry out armed threats, and even shot at them in Fuzhou. After hearing the news in Beijing, Zheng Zhenduo took an active part in organizing the Beijing Fujian Students' Anti-Japanese Federation and became one of its leaders. He participated in the compilation and publication of "Popular Tide", ran around, shouted for supporting the anti-imperialist patriotic movement in his hometown, and always kept in touch with the people in his hometown. Bing Xin, a famous writer, was originally from Changle, Fujian. At that time, she was studying preparatory courses at Peking Union Medical College Women's University. It was in this solidarity activity that she got to know Zheng Zhenduo. After 60 years, Bing Xin is still deeply impressed by his passionate speech about patriotism and hometown.
Warmly receive hometown classmates
Although Zheng Zhenduo has worked in Beijing and Shanghai for a long time, he always warmly receives visitors from his hometown and carefully understands the situation in his hometown. Historically, Changle was under the jurisdiction of Fuzhou government, so conceptually, the scope of hometown is naturally relatively large. 1939 in the summer vacation, a literary youth in Fuzhou, Chen Honghai, a senior three student in Sanshan Middle School (a member of Qingqing Literature and Art Society), heard that the College of Literature was chaired by Dean Zheng Zhenduo, and wanted to leapfrog to the College of Literature of Jinan University. Introduced by Yu Dafu (1886~ 1945), a famous writer who worked in Fuzhou at that time, he went to Shanghai to visit Zheng Zhenduo and was warmly received by him. After reading the letter of introduction, Zheng Zhenduo first learned about Yu Dafu's recent situation in Fuzhou, and then asked in detail: What did Chen Yi (1886~ 1949) do in charge of the Fujian provincial government? What achievements has Zheng (189 1~ 1969), director of the provincial education department, made in governance education? Because Zheng was carrying out educational reform in this province at that time, provincial and county schools stopped replacing teachers and principals. He read some reports in the newspaper. Thinking that "Zheng shared Zheng's difficulties", he asked with special concern: What is the performance of Japanese imperialism in Fuzhou, the progress of Fuzhou's construction and cultural undertakings, the number of unemployed people in his hometown, and the living conditions of the people? ..... After introducing the relevant situation, Chen Honghai said with emotion: "Probably in 1780, Fujian people were the most optimistic!" Finally, Zheng Zhenduo said that he had seen Chen Honghai's works in a literary magazine published in Fujian and had a good impression on him. Of course, young artists from more than one hometown have visited Zheng Zhenduo. Mr. Huang Junlin also talked about the cordial reception and care he received from this "Datong Township" during his study in yenching university and his teaching in Shanghai in the article "Remembering Xi Di Zheng Shi" (Hua Rong 198 1 Phase I). These examples show that although Zheng Zhenduo didn't go to Fuzhou at that time, he knew something about the situation in his hometown and paid great attention to it. Of course, there are many channels for him to know his hometown.
Don't forget your hometown and have a strong nostalgia.
Zheng Zhenduo does not forget his ancestral homeland, which is also reflected in his homesickness. He always publicly shows that he is from Changle, Fujian, and sometimes writes books and compiles them, and he also specially signs the word "Changle". For example, at the end of Epilogue of Early Collection of Zaju in Qing Dynasty, he signed "Epilogue of Zheng Zhenduo in Changle printed on March 23rd 193 1 year". One of his titles is Changle Zheng Chuanqi. Changle Zheng Zhenduo Xidi Collection. One day before his death 10, in his "last words", he also said, "I was from Fujian and grew up in Wenzhou."
Although Zheng Zhenduo grew up in Wenzhou, he can speak Fuzhou dialect because of his family's living environment. His daily conversation with his family is in Fuzhou dialect. In the winter of 193 1, Zheng Zhenduo wrote in the article "In memory of some friends who died this year" (the first issue of Tsinghua University Literature Monthly, Volume II): "He met Hu Yepin (193193) in Shanghai. I am often moved by his unfamiliar Fuzhou dialect. Although I grew up in a foreign country, I seem to be better at talking about the local countryside than him. " That is to say, although the two of them have been walking for a long time, Zheng Zhenduo's Fuzhou dialect is better than Hu's. In terms of food hobbies, Zheng Zhenduo also retains the characteristics of his hometown, and entertains relatives and friends with Fujian cuisine with rich flavor in his hometown. Obviously, Zheng Zhenduo is proud of it. He gave a banquet in honor of Lu Xun, Bing Xin and others. During the dinner, he ate Fujian dishes cooked by his mother. Zheng Zhenduo also likes the daffodils in Fujian, and once gave them to Lu Xun from his hometown.
Homesickness is revealed in the works.
From Zheng Zhenduo's literary works, we can also feel his deep affection for his hometown. From 65438 to 0926, when Zheng Zhenduo spent his summer vacation in Moganshan, he wrote the essay "Words on a Moonlit Night", which naturally revealed his love and appreciation of Fuzhou folk songs through the whisper of enjoying the cool under the moonlight. Mr. Gao introduced three Fuzhou folk songs to him. He copied them down one by one, translated them into Mandarin, explained them and introduced them to readers through his own works. Indeed, Fuzhou folk songs like True Birds are "incomprehensible to non-Fuzhou people", and Zheng Zhenduo can translate the original meaning because he knows Fuzhou dialect.
1April 927 12, Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution and slaughtered party member, workers and peasants and revolutionary intellectuals. Zheng Zhenduo was forced to go to Europe. He captured a fragment of his life on his way to Europe and wrote Haiyan. Based on his understanding of his hometown, he described his hometown in a nuanced way in a scene full of events and spring. The lovely little swallow who came back from the south flew sideways at will, and when she was tired of flying, she returned to her old nest a year ago. He wrote: "Swallow came back to find the old base", "This is the little swallow in our hometown, a lovely and lively little swallow." On the sea road of "thousands of miles away from home and thousands of miles away from home", "unexpectedly, we saw our little swallow" He sincerely expressed the wandering wanderer's yearning for his motherland and hometown.
Therefore, although Zheng Zhenduo lived in a foreign land for a long time, he was able to maintain his local accent, and maintained the characteristics of Fuzhou in life, diet, hobbies, etc., even reflected in his works, not only because he accepted the influence from his family elders, but also because he had frequent contact with cultural figures in central Fujian. It is worth mentioning that in May of 192 1, he was highly appreciated by the director of the Compilation Institute of the Commercial Press, and married his youngest daughter Gao Junzhen (Yunhua) in 1923, and their feelings were very harmonious. Gao (1870~ 1936), formerly known as Chongyou, was born in Changle, Fujian. He left his hometown at the age of 26. His hometown is Longmen Township, which is the first place apart from Zheng's ancestral home. In this way, it is natural that the Zheng Zhenduo family still maintains some characteristics of their hometown. But his high knowledge and familiarity with the folk literature, dialects and customs in central Fujian also taught Zheng Zhenduo many lessons.
The trip to Fuzhou gained a lot.
After the founding of New China, Zheng Zhenduo returned to Fujian. 1in the spring of 954, during his tenure in the Ministry of Culture, he participated in the "National People's Consolation Delegation to the People's Liberation Army" and arrived in Fuzhou on February 27th to express condolences to the frontline troops stationed in Fujian. In more than a month's time, as one of the representatives of the General Consolation Mission, he made a speech at a front-line meeting and made a report of condolences to the garrison, vividly expounding the brilliant achievements made by the motherland in all aspects of construction under the illumination of the general line in the past four years with concrete facts, which greatly inspired the commanders and soldiers; He and the delegates went through mountains and seas, went deep into the front line of cordial condolences, and were warmly welcomed by the vast number of commanders and soldiers. During the period, he also had a discussion with people in the literary and art circles and made a visit. He was deeply impressed by the excellent development situation in Fujian. On March 4th, he wrote in a letter to his friend Liu Zhemin: "Fuzhou is very prosperous with many local products. Because of the inconvenient transportation, some things can't be transported outside for sale. Chopsticks like lacquerware are the best, but they are not first-class. The paper is also good and there are many fruits. They will be able to communicate greatly in the future. " The letter also mentioned that "I am very busy at work and have no time to write letters; But some stories should be written. I want to know when. After returning to Beijing, I have to be busy again. I am afraid it is even harder to write. " On April 1 day, he wrote in the letter: "I have gained a lot from more than one month of condolences, but I still have to write a few articles and am seriously drafting them; I wonder if I can write it well? " Indeed, he gained a lot from this trip. The mountains and rivers in his hometown and many vivid and touching stories left a deep impression on him and accumulated rich creative materials. However, due to his busy business after returning to Beijing, he was unable to write in time. From 65438 to 0957, he came to Fuzhou on business, and he paid attention to the collection of Liu Huameng, a talented woman in Fuzhou in the Qing Dynasty. This masterpiece, with 360 volumes and 4.83 million words, is four times longer than A Dream of Red Mansions. He personally consulted this book and suggested that it be collected by Fujian Provincial Department of Culture, Fujian Normal University Library and Fujian Provincial Library. Unfortunately, although Zheng Zhenduo is deeply attached to his native land, he still bears heavy responsibilities, busy work and numerous foreign cultural exchanges. Not only did he come to Fujian to mourn for more than a month, but he also paid attention to his official duties and never returned to Changle for the first time. 1957 failed to return home after coming to Rong!
Patriotism and love for hometown is a fine tradition of the Chinese nation. Facts show that Zheng Zhenduo has deep feelings for his hometown, but this nostalgia is not out of a narrow concept of hometown. Wherever he goes, he always takes an active part in the local patriotic movement. Whether in Wenzhou, Beijing or Shanghai, he always advocates new culture with local cultural figures and actively participates in the anti-imperialist struggle and the anti-Japanese national salvation movement. Although he can speak Fuzhou dialect, he speaks "Putonghua" when talking with Chen Honghai, a young literary artist visiting his hometown. In the mid-1930s, he advocated that "all intellectuals in China should speak Mandarin. If intellectuals continue to speak his dialect, Mandarin will never be popularized. " Obviously, although he loves his hometown, he always considers the whole and puts his love for his motherland first. And his selfless dedication to the motherland's early prosperity will always be worthy of future generations!
Zheng Zhenduo's love story
Zheng Zhenduo is an outstanding writer and social activist in the history of modern literature in China. During the May 4th Movement, he was the student leader of Beijing Railway School. 19 19 founded the new society with Qu Qiubai and others, 1920,1/kloc-0 initiated the establishment of the most famous literary group in the history of modern literature with Shen Yanbing and others.
love
Zheng Zhenduo's first love didn't go well. At that time, he was studying in Beijing, and Fujian students in Beijing organized anti-Japanese federations and often got together. Naturally, he will come to every meeting, and when he arrives, he will talk nonsense. At that time, China's most famous women's higher education institution, Beijing Women's Normal University, had three Fujian citizens calling themselves the "Four Childes" of the Warring States Period. One of them is Huang Shiying, who was born in a rich family. His family has a regular job and has been an official for generations. Her father is now in charge of the Ministry of Education. A young lady like her actually took part in patriotic activities and served as the chairman of student autonomy in the school. She is beautiful, too. In the patriotic student movement, Zheng Zhenduo had a good impression on her. I don't know when it started. He felt as if he couldn't settle down as long as he didn't see Huang Shiying for a few days. Sometimes, he just happened to have something to do with the student movement, so he broke into the red chamber of the women's normal university. At that time, due to the impact of the May 4th Movement, the authorities of Women's Normal University had been forced to relax the guard system that used to be like a prison guard. Unfortunately, due to Huang Shiying's hesitation and parents' opposition, Zheng Zhenduo was in helpless pain for a long time.
192 1 In the first half of the year, Zheng Zhenduo went to work in Shanghai Commercial Press after being introduced by Shen Yanbing. In addition to editing, he also attended an amateur course funded by enterprises in Shenzhou Girls' Middle School. At this time, Gao Junzhen, his student and the youngest daughter of Mr. Gao, the editor-in-chief of the Commercial Press, came into his life.
On February 8th, 1922, 1922, Gao Junzhen's translated fairy tale "Strange Ring" was published in Children's World edited by him. She was very excited to tell him that she wanted to make another contribution in the future. He seemed to be encouraged, but the failure of his first love made him very cautious. Colleagues Zheng Xinnan and Gao are fellow villagers in Fujian, so Zheng Xinnan looked for a high bottom. Gao Yi listened to Xin Nan and agreed happily, saying that his daughter was not good enough for him. His old gentleman doesn't care what "the door is right" and what relatives talk about. Dream Dan has long taken a fancy to Zheng Zhenduo's good character and talent, and thinks that if he has such a good husband, it will be the happiness of himself and his daughter. Gao hurriedly called Jun Zhen and asked her what she thought, and told her to contact Zheng Zhenduo more and talk about books and literature.
After a while, that is, in April of 1923, Meng Dan asked his daughter to travel to Hangzhou with him and have a good talk. marry
After a period of time, Zheng Zhenduo and Gao Junzhen's love matured, and their wedding was held at Shanghai Yipin Xiang Hotel 10, 10.
By this time, Zheng Zhenduo's mother and grandmother had moved to Shanghai. How much the mother wishes her only son to get married at an early date. However, the day before the wedding, Zheng Zhenduo suddenly remembered that his mother had no ready-made stamps. what can I do? Because according to the ceremony of "civilized marriage" at that time, the marriage certificate must be stamped with the seals of both parents, references and bride and groom. He lost his father in his teens, so his mother's seal is indispensable.
He used his quick wits and immediately sent a letter to his good friend Qu Qiubai. Qu Qiubai is a master of seal cutting. The messenger came back with Qiu Bai's note. Open it and see, the title is "Autumn White Seal Carving Runge". The lithograph inside is two yuan per word, which will be taken on the seventh day. If it is urgent, take the parts within a limited time and double the decoration; The side section is almost two yuan, not counting words. He knows Qiu Bai's humor and thinks that Qiu Bai's "embellishment" is that he is too busy to have time.
What shall we do? Oh, by the way, please carve it with wild goose ice, and wild goose ice will also be good at it. It was the eve of the wedding, and the goose ice was carved overnight.
Early the next morning, when Yan Bing sent the newly engraved stamps to Zheng Zhenduo's house, suddenly Qiu Bai sent someone to send a red paper bag with the big word "He Yiwu Yuan" written on it. "Oh, Qiu Bai is really, why send such a heavy gift?" Zheng Zhenduo just then, Yan Bing opened the paper bag. At first glance, haha, there are three seals, one is Zheng Zhenduo's mother's, and the other two are a pair of Zheng Zhenduo and Junzhen's.
The words "long" and "happy" are engraved on the chapters of Zheng Zhenduo and Junzhen respectively. This is really a clever pun. On the one hand, I wish them a hundred years of harmony, on the other hand, they are both from Changle, Fujian. Yan Bing calculated with him: Runge is doubled, and the side fee is two yuan, which is exactly fifty yuan. Qiu Bai's joke was unexpected. He and Yan Bing couldn't help laughing, which added to the festive atmosphere. Naturally, Yan Bing will "hide others" from the seal he carved, because the autumn white carving is much more ingenious.
go abroad
1April, 927 12, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12th Counter-revolutionary coup" that shocked China and foreign countries. The Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions held a public protest rally. Zheng Zhenduo not only attended the party and the parade, but also wrote a letter of protest with Hu Yuzhi and others. They said bitterly in the letter: "The party and the country have many different plans, which are not what my brother wants to ask. However, it is hard to be silent when witnessing the tragedy of animals eating people. Brothers and others really can't bear to see hundreds of thousands of residents in Zhabei slaughtered by Li and Bi Shucheng, and then slaughtered by the revolutionary army under the banner of right and wrong. I hope you can forgive me. " Finally signed, Zheng Zhenduo is the leader.
After this letter was published in the newspaper, it had a great influence. The reactionary authorities became angry from embarrassment and informed Zhejiang warlords to conduct a roll-call search. On April 28th, Zheng Zhenduo's most revered Mr. Li Dazhao was brutally killed by warlord Feng Zhi in Beijing. In this white terror, Meng Dan, as his father-in-law, insisted that he take refuge abroad. Although his wife, mother and grandmother are worried that he is wandering alone, it is too dangerous at home. They pretended to be happy, but instead encouraged him to go abroad and let him study abroad.
1927 In May, he left his wife and children for France.
Abroad, he kept a simple diary with his little notebook. Every once in a while, he rewrites this simple original diary into a detailed and vivid diary and sends it to his wife Junzhen. His later published diary of a trip to Europe is one of them, and between the lines, he is full of deep thoughts about his wife.
He also works as a translator. From March 1928, the monthly novel began to serialize his love stories in Greek and Roman myths and legends.
different
The happiness of the family is closely related to the fate of the country. Since then, Zheng Zhenduo and Gao Junzhen, together with the whole nation, have experienced many ups and downs, and finally ushered in the birth of People's Republic of China (PRC). However, they didn't expect that195810/October 17 became a day they would never forget.
On this day, Zheng Zhenduo, then Vice Minister of Culture, will lead a cultural delegation to visit. He got up earlier than usual and jotted down the diary of the previous day as usual. Later, I wrote a letter to my friend Jin Yi in Shanghai in a hurry. He said: "I will visit Afghanistan. First go to Moscow, then transfer to Tashkent, and then transfer directly to Kabul. The problem is that you should bring clothes that you wear all the year round. Although it's only three days' journey, it seems like a whole year has passed ... "
Then, in order to catch up with the time, he wolfed down his breakfast. After eating, he told his family to leave, and his son accompanied him to the airport. The flight was suspended because of the bad weather, so I took my son home. In the afternoon, he received a notice that he could take off, and then said goodbye to his mother and wife: "I'm leaving, and this time I'm really leaving." Unexpectedly, he said something else with a smile, but it turned out to be a prophecy.
On the morning of October 20th, 65438/KLOC-0, people learned from china national radio that the passenger plane from Beijing to Moscow crashed and Zheng Zhenduo, head of the China cultural delegation, and other comrades were killed.
[Edit this paragraph] Liang Yusheng talks about Zheng Zhenduo
(Excerpted from Liang Yusheng's "Pen, Sword and Book" and "Zheng Zhenduo and Commerce")
The first famous writer who died in an air crash was Xu Zhimo, and the second was Zheng Zhenduo. There is a lot to say about Xu Zhimo. Let me talk about Zheng Zhenduo. 19581October 20th, he was the head of the "China Cultural Group" and visited Afghanistan and the United Arab League. The plane crashed in Kanas, Soviet Union. His death is a great loss to the cultural circles in China.
During the May 4th Movement, two literary groups had a great influence on the New Culture Movement in China. One is a creative society composed of Guo Moruo and Yu Dafu. The other is the "Literature Research Association" composed of Zheng Zhenduo, (Mao Dun), Geng Jizhi and Ye. The former focuses on creation and the introduction of literary thoughts, while the latter focuses on the introduction and research of literary masterpieces and the collation of classic documents. Their contributions to the New Culture Movement in China are different.
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- How to get better from a summer cold quickly? Do you have any tips?
- Why does the market sell off the national debt of the euro zone countries, which will increase its yield?
- Is there a difference between the temperature of Ledong Lingshui in Dongfang City, Sanya and Sanya?
- How to get from Nanchang to Xiangfan?
- Which province is Shaodong?
- What will the weather be like in Xiamen tomorrow?