Review the geography and climate of grade seven in Huian, Quanzhou. What is the Mediterranean climate like?

Definition of scientific and technological terms

English name: Mediterranean climate English name: Mediterranean climate definition1:The climate is characterized by warm and dry summer and rainy winter. Definition 2: Hot and dry summer and mild and rainy winter. The Mediterranean coast is the most widely distributed and typical.

Subtropical and temperate climate types. Named after the most typical Mediterranean coastal area. The most typical reason why the Mediterranean climate is distributed along the Mediterranean coast is that the Mediterranean climate is formed by the alternating control of westerly winds and subtropical high belts. In the Mediterranean region, summer is controlled by the subtropical high, and the water temperature in the Mediterranean is lower than that on land, resulting in high pressure, which increases the influence of the subtropical high. In winter, the water temperature in the Mediterranean Sea is high, forming a low pressure, attracting the west wind, which greatly strengthens the influence of the west wind.

The origin of the name

The subtropical Mediterranean climate is a subtropical and temperate climate type. Named after the most typical Mediterranean coastal area.

cause

The subtropical Mediterranean climate zone is alternately controlled by westerlies, subtropical high belts and trade winds. In winter, the westerly belt moves south to this climate zone, and the westerly wind brings moist airflow from the ocean. In addition, frontal cyclones are frequent, so the climate is mild and rainy. In summer, the subtropical high or trade winds move northward in this climatic zone, and the airflow sinks mainly. Coupled with the cold current along the coast, it is not easy to form precipitation, so the climate is dry and hot. The subtropical Mediterranean climate is mainly caused by westerlies and frequent frontal cyclones in winter. In summer, controlled by the subtropical high pressure belt, the airflow sinks. Among more than ten climate types in the world, the climate types controlled alternately by pressure belts and wind belts throughout the year include tropical grassland climate (controlled alternately by equatorial low pressure belts and trade winds) and tropical desert climate (controlled alternately by trade winds and subtropical high pressure belts) in addition to the Mediterranean climate. The climate controlled by westerlies throughout the year is temperate maritime climate.

Climate type: Mediterranean climate in North America.

1, cool in summer, subtropical and dry in summer: In the Mediterranean climate zone near the ocean, due to the cold current along the coast and the influence of land and sea winds, it is cool in summer, with less sunshine and foggy, and the hottest month is below 22 degrees Celsius. 2. Warm summer subtropical dry summer climate: in the Mediterranean climate zone, it is a little far from the ocean, and it can't be adjusted by the cold current in summer. Under the control of subtropical high, the temperature is very high in summer, and the hottest month is above 22 degrees Celsius. There is more sunshine, and the annual change range is larger than that of summer cool type.

Be distributed

The subtropical Mediterranean climate is mainly distributed in the west coast of subtropical continent, such as the Mediterranean coast, the west coast of the continent with latitude of 30-40 in North and South America, the Australian continent and the southwest corner of Africa, with the Mediterranean coast being the most extensive and typical. In the northern hemisphere, for example, the subtropical high moves northward in summer and is controlled by high pressure. Affected by the tropical continental air mass, the weather is sunny, dry, hot and rainy. In winter, the subtropical high zone moves southward, which is warm and rainy due to the influence of the westerly belt (Mediterranean front belt). Natural vegetation is evergreen broad-leaved forest and evergreen shrub.

There are five regions in the world with this 1 climate and the Mediterranean coast, including southern Europe, the northern coast of Africa and a few areas in western Asia. 2. California coast of North America. Mediterranean climate. The west coast of South Africa, that is, the western part of South Africa and the southern part of Namibia (called the Cape of Good Hope region or the Cape of Good Hope region). 4. Central Chile in South America. 5. The southwest and southeast coasts of Australia (although it is southeast, it belongs to the west coast, around Adelaide, not around Sydney). This region is also widely distributed, and it is the only climate type that exists on all continents except Antarctica.

trait

The subtropical Mediterranean climate is characterized by hot and dry summers and mild and rainy winters. Winter is controlled by westerlies, with frequent frontal cyclones and mild climate. Leng Yue has a temperature of 4- 10℃ and abundant precipitation. In summer, controlled by subtropical high, the airflow sinks, the climate is hot and dry with little rain, few clouds and plenty of sunshine. The annual precipitation is 300- 1000mm, accounting for 60%-70% in winter and only 30%-40% in summer. There is more precipitation in winter than in summer. If the annual precipitation in the Mediterranean region is made into a histogram, it will be found that it will form a basin arc. There is a great difference in summer temperature between coastal areas and inland areas. Affected by cold ocean currents, the temperature in coastal areas is low, the hottest month is below 22℃, and the air is humid and foggy, which is called cool summer type. Inland, far from the ocean, the ocean regulation is small, the air is dry and warm, and the hottest month temperature is above 22℃, which is called warm summer type. The characteristics of subtropical Mediterranean climate are summarized as less rain in high temperature period and more rain in low temperature period; This uncoordinated cooperation is very unfavorable to plants. During the growing season, plants must undergo dry heat exercise. In order to reduce evaporation, natural vegetation is mostly evergreen hardwood forest, such as dwarf trees and shrubs.

Plants and animals

plant

The typical soil in subtropical Mediterranean climate zone is cinnamon soil. The representative vegetation is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest. There are also dry shrubs or hard-leaved grasslands (Stipa, etc.). In addition, the Mediterranean climate flowers are also typical. Because the climate in this area is warm in winter and cool in summer; There is little rain in summer, which is a dry season. The areas belonging to this climate type are the Mediterranean coast, near the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa, southeast and southwest of Oceania, central Chile in South America and California in North America. Due to the dryness in summer, this area has formed a natural distribution center for autumn bulbs that are dormant in summer.

The representative varieties are Iris Narcissus, Tulipa, hyacinthus orientalis, Ranunculus, Crocus sativus, Freesia, Gladiolus, Erythrina, hyacinthus orientalis and Grape. Among them, fig is the most famous.

animal

Civet cats, macaques, etc.

affect

agriculture

Most of Jordan is covered by desert, with few rivers, but the climate is mild, belonging to subtropical Mediterranean climate. Subtropical Mediterranean Climate The Mediterranean climate is unique among various climate types in the world. Affected by this feature, the agriculture in this area has formed the characteristics of combining drought-tolerant crops, woody cash crops and raising livestock. Wheat and barley are the main crops, followed by oats and corn. Grape, woody crops olive and fig are widely planted cash crops in this area.

economy

Subtropical Mediterranean Climate Industry Grapes and olives produced by Mediterranean climate are important raw materials for food industry, such as olive oil food in Algeria, wine and brandy in France, etc. Because the dominant wind direction in the Mediterranean climate zone is the prevailing westerly wind, the petrochemical plant in Sicily, Italy should be located on the east side of the island, which is the downwind direction of the prevailing wind.

travel

Climate resources are an important part of tourism resources. The Mediterranean climate zone has a moderate temperature (annual average temperature 15 degrees) and plenty of sunshine, especially the sunny beaches and mountains covered with pine and cypress in the Mediterranean region, plus villages with a long history and profound cultural heritage and modern metropolises, which make the tourism income here very considerable. For example: France, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Greece, Egypt, etc. They are all world-famous tourist attractions.

Edit this paragraph to represent the city.

Europe: Rome (Italy), Milan (Italy), Venice (Italy), Florence (Italy), Naples (Italy), Palermo (Italy), Monaco (Monaco), Marseille (France), Nice (France), Barcelona (Spain), Valencia (Spain) and Seville (Spain). Sochi (Russia), Istanbul (Turkey) Asia: Izmir (Turkey), Antalya (Turkey), Batumi (Georgia), Nicosia (Cyprus), Damascus (Syria), Beirut (Lebanon), Tel Aviv (Israel), Jerusalem (Israel) Africa: Cairo (Egypt), Alexandria (Egypt)

Oceania: Perth (Australia), Adelaide (Australia)

United States: San Francisco (United States), Los Angeles (United States), San Diego (United States), San Diego (Chile), Valparaiso (Chile)