What are the manifestations of "heatstroke" and "air conditioning disease"?

According to China's Diagnostic Criteria for Occupational Heatstroke (GB 1 1508-89), heatstroke can be divided into threatened heatstroke, mild heatstroke and severe heatstroke.

Threatened heatstroke, mild heatstroke, thirst, loss of appetite, headache, dizziness, hyperhidrosis, fatigue, weakness, nausea and vomiting, palpitation, dry red or pale face, inattention, uncoordinated movements, normal or elevated body temperature, etc.

Severe heatstroke includes heat spasm, heat exhaustion and heatstroke.

Heat spasm is a sudden painful muscle spasm during or after exercise, which usually occurs in the back muscles of lower limbs (gastrocnemius and achilles tendon) and also in the abdomen. Muscle spasm may be related to severe sodium deficiency (sweating heavily and drinking hypotonic liquid) and hyperventilation. Heat spasm may also be an early manifestation of heatstroke.

Heat exhaustion is the excessive loss of body fluids and body salts due to excessive sweating, which often occurs in people who work or exercise in hot environment but don't replenish enough water, and also in people who don't adapt to high temperature and humid environment. Its symptoms are sweating, extreme thirst, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, high body temperature, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension or syncope and other obvious dehydration symptoms, without obvious central nervous system damage. Heat exhaustion can be an intermediate process between heat spasm and heatstroke, which can develop into heatstroke if it is not treated in time. four

Heatstroke is a fatal emergency. According to the state and pathogenesis of patients at the time of onset, they can be divided into two types: delivery heatstroke and non-delivery heatstroke. Workers mainly produce too much endogenous heat in high temperature environment (such as long-distance runners in hot days), which can happen quickly; Non-labor is mainly caused by the dysfunction of body temperature regulation in high temperature environment (such as the elderly without air conditioning in the living environment when the heat wave strikes), which can occur within a few days. Its signs are: high fever (rectal temperature ≥4 1℃), dry skin (early wetting), confusion, convulsion, even no response, peripheral circulation failure or shock. In addition, workers are more prone to rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, liver failure, DIC or multiple organ failure, and the mortality rate is higher.

air-condition disease

The main symptoms of air-conditioning disease vary according to everyone's adaptability, such as fever, chills, fatigue, general tightness, numbness, dizziness, headache, dry and tight skin, skin allergy and other symptoms. Respiratory tract involvement can cause cough, sneezing, runny nose and other symptoms similar to a cold, and in severe cases, it can cause lower respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia. Gastrointestinal involvement can be manifested as anorexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Muscle joints catch cold, leading to pain in the back joint, joint stiffness, unfavorable flexion and extension, muscle soreness and so on. Facial neuritis and local peripheral neuritis of skin are also common symptoms of air-conditioning disease, which can also cause mouth-eye deviation in severe cases. Women are prone to irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea.