Zhou Xiunan Spring, the Hero of Nanquan Development and Construction

Chongqing is a city famous for its stoves, and NanWenQuan in the suburb of Chongqing, with its unique geographical conditions, is a famous summer resort in Chongqing, because its temperature is 3 ~ 4 degrees lower in summer and 2 degrees higher in winter. However, due to traffic obstacles, it has not been developed and utilized since ancient times, and it has been here for five years in the Ming Dynasty (1578). The original warm soup named "Kannonji Hot Spring" was actually just a hot water mud pond. Until the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty (1862 ~ 1874), Dacheng Zhou, a county native, built a bathroom and a pavilion with a stone wall in the middle, which was different between men and women. Because his land is in a heavy valley, a dangerous cliff and thousands of feet, mountains and mountains, the road is inaccessible. There are only 13 households in South Hot Springs. Those who are ripe are fresh, while those who swim are dead. The real development and construction of South Hot Springs began with the Preface of South Chongqing Hot Springs in the late Qing Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty. In the past twenty-one years, Mr. Wen Qin has been conscientious and hard-working, pushing South Hot Springs. Zhou, a native of Lujiaochang, Baxian County, was born on1October 29th, 1882. He was a famous scholar in Bayuzhong at that time. He used to be the editor-in-chief of Guangyi Congbao, then the editor-in-chief and president of National Bulletin and Business Daily, and the president of Baxian Education Association. He is a man of great knowledge.

Zhou You often takes a bath in Nanquan. He "likes the proper temperature of hot spring water, but hates dirty water and has to improve it because of thinking." Because he has been familiar with the scenery of Nanquan since he was a child, it is a pity that he can't win the victory of his mountains and rivers.

In the first year of the Qing Dynasty (1909), Zhou, who had become a "famous scholar of Bashu", sent an invitation to celebrities in various counties and cities, imitated the story of ancient monasteries, gathered in South Hot Springs, and wrote his own preface "Southern Chongqing Hot Springs Monastery". The preface describes the natural advantages and prospects of South Hot Springs, which attracts people from all walks of life to pay attention to the restoration of South Hot Springs and give them help. On the one hand, they published articles about the hot spring scenery in the south in Chongqing Business Daily for many times, on the other hand, they actively raised funds. Zhou's suggestion was supported by colleagues in the Xiuze Association, especially Wu Xisan, the county magistrate of Baxian at that time, who allocated 600 yuan's military expenditure. With his encouragement to cultivate nymphs and benefit the countryside, people from all walks of life are also willing to donate money.

In the eighth year of the Republic of China (19 19), the construction of South Hot Springs kicked off, and Yang Xizhi, the county magistrate of Baxian County, urged the bathroom renovation to begin, which was completed the following year. On August 19 of the same year, flash floods broke out and the newly-built bathroom was destroyed by the flood. After repeated setbacks, Zhou still ran around, appealed to the society, wrote to the authorities many times, and got enthusiastic support from the highest authorities and Dan, and rebuilt the bathroom. The project started in the summer of the 10th year of the Republic of China (192 1) and was completed in the winter. A pavilion was built outside Daquan, which was much more restored than before. With the completion of hot spring bathroom, the prosperity of South Hot Spring has begun to take shape and gained great fame. There was an endless stream of tourists at four o'clock, but the traffic at that time was extremely inconvenient, mainly walking, riding, riding a sedan chair and sliding bars. The mountain road is rugged and the stone road is rugged. You have to go by land and water, and the boat and car will never come back for a day. Zhou realized the importance of traffic, so he climbed the mountain three times, visited more than ten dangerous peaks, observed the source of the slope, and the route was straight, and inspected the road from South Hot Springs to Chongqing. After investigation and study, he proposed that "today, at the Three Gorges Ship Lock, a cornerstone will be laid and a stone embankment with a thickness of two feet and a height of one foot will be built." He also drew a sketch of Qianchuan River drawing water from hot springs. From the original boundary stone, antler field, old factory and Haitang River, 60 miles out of the river (Yangtze River) to the boundary stone, (south) hot springs and Lijiatuo, 32 miles out of the river. Later, Qianchuan Road was changed to a hot spring, which is known as the south gate of the mountain city. This is undoubtedly the crystallization of Zhou's talent. The local construction was not funded by the government at that time. Zhou not only published his own ideas in Chongqing Business Daily, but also printed and distributed them in pamphlets, urging the dam to be built, publicizing them widely and raising funds from all directions. In the fourteenth year of the Republic of China (1925), the foundation stone was laid on the fifth day of the lunar winter month, and the embankment was built the following year. Fortunately, it was destroyed by flash floods in the same year and was relocated and rebuilt. A stone embankment with a width of 20 feet and a thickness of 12 feet was built, and three arch bridges were built on the embankment, named "Zhiwei Bridge". In the Republic of China 16 (1927), a grand bridge-stepping activity was held in May in the summer calendar, which was unprecedented at that time. However, just after the Chinese banquet, flash floods broke out and rushed to the corner of the embankment bridge, and the project was scrapped again. Two breakwaters were destroyed, and there were many false accusations, but Zhou did not stop there. In the Republic of China 17 (1928) 1 1 day, he wrote the Collection of Fundraising for Building Bridges and Embankments in Hot Springs, in which "I urge scholars from all walks of life to donate gladly and make every effort to raise funds and make full contributions", Zhao Zisheng. However, Zhou died suddenly in 1930. Later, Zhao Zisheng, Wei and Pan Changyou stayed in Shaanxi Street, Chongqing, respectively, to entertain people from business circles, saltworks and financial circles to raise funds. The dike was finally completed at 1935, but it didn't wait until the dike was completed last week. The dam is 30 feet high, 10 feet long and 20 feet wide. There is no bridge on the dike, and a comb-shaped back is formed inside and outside the dike, so as to avoid the overflow water from impacting the dike foundation, remove the lock stones on both sides, widen the river surface and reduce the flood impact. After the completion of the dike, it was named "Tongxin Dike" because of the strong support from people from all walks of life. After the completion of the dike, the sky in Nanquan is bluer and the mountains are more beautiful. "It's sunny and beautiful in the morning and evening, and the boat is full of friends. You can go back to them and visit the West Lake." There are poems praising Dikan; "Pearl cloud curtain hanging clear sky, noise is still like bamboo regret the wind. I think three spring peaches are warm, and Di Fang is full of green water. "

Nanquan Central Park Tourist Area used to be a paddy field with an annual output of 12 tons of rented grain. In the Republic of China 16 (1927), this place was designated as "South Chongqing Hot Spring Park". In order to improve the management mechanism, Zhou Jin made unremitting efforts. In August 1928, after writing the Supervision of Commercial Ports of Hot Spring Park, the second opinion on the construction of South Hot Spring Park was written, followed by the Appendix to the Draft Plan of South Hot Spring, in which it was earnestly hoped that "the preparations for the park would make great progress." At that time, a local, Major General Yang Ziyun of the Northern Expedition, took an active part in the construction of his hometown after he came back from disarmament and demobilization. He used his position and prestige to contact wealthy businessmen and celebrities, such as Zhao Zisheng, Wei, Pan Changyou and others, and initiated the establishment of the board of directors of Weinan Hot Spring Park. In the opening speech of the board of directors of Weinan Hot Spring Park, Zhou said, "Starting from the quietest stream, it is not difficult to reach the realm of truth, goodness and beauty in the future, which I can assert." The purpose of the board of directors is to raise funds for the construction of South Hot Springs and plan the construction of South Hot Springs Park. In the spring of 18 (1929), with the support of the board of directors, Wentangyuan office was established, and Zhao Zisheng, president of Chongqing Chamber of Commerce, was elected as the director. At the beginning of the year, Zhou listened to Chen Lianfeng and learned that there was a deep hole in the small hot spring-Shenxian Cave, which explored the secrets for the poor and explored new scenery. He visited Shenxian Cave four times and wrote "Hot Springs Discover New Holes". The news came out that even the county magistrate of Ba County went to explore with Zhou. At the same time, Zhou rejected the suggestion that the county magistrate named this cave, and finally named it "Three-day Gate Cave". After twenty-one years' efforts by Zhou and others, South Hot Spring has developed into a landscape feature with one stream, three Gorges, three springs, three caves and three waterfalls with one spring and one hole. However, Zhou was screaming at the top of his lungs because of the cold in the cave, which led to the aggravation of tuberculosis in the past and he didn't pay attention to it himself. He still forgot to run in the plan of serving the country and benefiting the people until the end of June. Unfortunately, he broke down from constant overwork in (650).

Mr. Zhou spent more than 4,700 yuan on two bathroom repairs, and he paid 1600 yuan in advance. After the dike was destroyed twice, there were different opinions. He was accused of cutting corners and misappropriating funds to build dams. In fact, Zhou is very painful. In several projects, he knew that it was not appropriate to use local people, but he had to use local people to do things. After the incident, he took full responsibility and only blamed himself for improper employment. At that time, it cost more than 13000 to repair the dike, and he paid more than 1000. For the sake of local public welfare, he never cares about personal gains and losses. He believes that "Qin is short of labor and capital, just laughing and enduring it." As Mr. Zhi Lizhuang said: "Mr. Wen Qin regards local unity as his own pain and urges reform. He doesn't shy away from complaining, from being framed, and is extremely calm. After a long time, he is also blessed. " He took the lead in donating money for the development and construction of South Hot Springs in Qian Qian, but he didn't have a piece of land in South Hot Springs. When he was seriously ill, he had no money to treat him. After his death, he was penniless and ordered that "the young gentleman and grandson should be buried naked, and the small hot spring can be among the rocks." In order to appreciate his achievements, people buried him in the wild boar nest mountain on the north bank of Huaxi, a south hot spring. Colleagues of Eight Immortals Education Association raised funds to repair graves in 500 yuan, and the road from South Hot Spring Street to the cemetery was named "Qinwen Road". Zhou's tomb is made of stone. On both sides of the tomb, there are stone tables and benches. There is a stone tower about 30 feet high on the front, and a stone fence made of stone, like a flower blue, has no inscription, but it was destroyed by the Cultural Revolution. "Wei is as heavy as a mountain, and * * is like Beidou." 165438+1On October 24th, more than ten units, including Baxian Education Society, Education Bureau, Chongqing Business Daily, People's Daily, Orphanage, No.2 Middle School, and Juxincheng Bank, jointly held a memorial service for Mr. Zhou in Baxian Library. This is an unprecedented event, and people from all walks of life attended the memorial service in an endless stream, with nearly a thousand couplets. Among them, Tao sent a pair of elegiac couplet clouds:

"Love warm soup, bury warm soup, and send traces of Xishan all my life. If he is famous for his years, it will be a story;

From the beginning to the end of education, from the end to the end of education, there is money, and it is still there today. How can we reduce the ancients? "

"In order to seek public welfare, I actually pocketed my own money and made my secluded place shine. I call it the March 8 scenic spot;

Fang Biefang will; If you don't smell Yi Chuan, you will be hurt as before. So far, there are only books on all sides.

Mr. Zhou's grave lies quietly on the mountain of wild boar nest. Due to the destruction of the Cultural Revolution, the tomb collapsed and was demolished. 1985 The restoration was funded by the Jiulongpo District Political Consultative Conference, and the vertical official script "Tomb of Zhou Qin" and the inscription "Zun" were engraved on the sandstone tombstone.

(Selected from "Interesting Talk about South Hot Springs" written by Yang Yumin and Peng Zejun)