The geographical location and main characteristics of the Tianshan Mountains, please help!

Geographical location

The Tianshan Mountains are located in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, with an average altitude of about 4,000 meters, starting from the Hami Xingxia Gobi Gobi in the east to the Kizilkum Desert in Uzbekistan in the west. , extending nearly east-west, spanning the four countries of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan, and stretching for about 1,760 kilometers in Xinjiang, China. ?

The Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains stretch across the entire territory of Xinjiang, spanning the Kashgar Prefecture, Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Aksu Prefecture, Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Turpan City, Hami City, and the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture and Bo in northern Xinjiang. Ertala Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture, Shihezi City, Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Urumqi City and many other prefectures and cities.

The Tianshan Mountains are the natural geographical boundary between the Junggar Basin and the Tarim Basin. Surrounded to the north and south by the Taklimakan Desert and the Gurbantunggut Desert, it is a unique symbol of Xinjiang’s geography.

Features

The Tianshan Mountains are the largest independent latitudinal mountain system in the world. They are also the mountain system farthest from the ocean and the largest mountain system in arid areas of the world.

The Tianshan Mountains are a relatively young mountain system, formed about two to three million years ago. About 12-2 million years ago. The geological evolution after the formation of the Tianshan Mountains can be divided into the syn-collision-post-collision tectonic magmatism stage from the end of the Carboniferous to the beginning of the Permian, the mantle-source magma activity and crust-mantle interaction stage from the early to mid-Permian, and the stage since the late Permian. intracontinental evolutionary stage.

Extended information:

Climate characteristics

1. The Tianshan Mountains are the only large mountain range in the world sandwiched by huge deserts. They are located deep inland and in the temperate zone. The continental arid climate, the landscape pattern of alternating mountain basins, numerous glaciers and rivers, wonderful natural scenery, special biota and ecological processes and many other natural features have become the most typical representatives of large mountain ecosystems in temperate arid areas around the world.

2. The climate in the Tianshan Mountains is clearly divided into cold and warm seasons in the middle of the year. The weather in the cold season is mostly sunny, with deep snow, fog and frost in mountains, basins and valleys below 3,000 meters. In the warm season (summer), it rains and snows more than 3,000 meters above sea level. The climate below 3000 meters is cool.

3. The annual precipitation in the Tianshan Mountains gradually decreases from west to east on the same slope; the windward slope (north slope) of the mountain is more than the leeward slope (south slope); the basins or valleys in the interior of the mountain are less than those in the periphery Mountainous areas.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Tianshan