The wind rolls the red flag and freezes the whole poem.

A song of snow sent Tian Shuji Wu home.

[Tang] Cen Can

The north wind swept across the earth and messed up Pennisetum, and the weather in August will be covered with heavy snow.

Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom.

Snowflakes fell into the curtains and wet them. The fur was not warm and the gold cup was too thin.

The general used cold hands to protect his hands. The armored steel was too cold to wear.

The desert freezes over/kloc-0.000 feet, with a crack, and the sky is full of darkness and melancholy.

In the manager's account, this wine is a farewell party, and the Huqin Pipa flute ensemble adds luster to this entertainment.

In the evening, in front of the headquarters gate, heavy snow fell, the red flag froze, and the wind could not drag.

Luntai East Gate, welcome to the capital. Go, the mountain road is covered with snow.

I haven't seen you in the winding mountain road, leaving only a row of horseshoe prints.

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The north wind swept the earth and scattered the white grass. It began to snow in Alakazam in August.

Suddenly, it was like a spring breeze blowing overnight, as if thousands of trees and pears were in full bloom.

Snowflakes scattered in the bead curtain wet the curtain, and the fox's hair was too thin to put on the warm brocade quilt.

The general was too cold to open his bow and put on his armor.

The desert is frozen and cracked, and the sky in Wan Li is full of clouds.

The coach put the wine in the account as a farewell party to return the guests, and the Huqin Pipa Qiangdi played an ensemble.

At night, the snow in front of Yuanmen kept falling, the red flag froze and the wind could not move.

Take you back to Beijing outside the east gate of Luntai. Tianshan road was covered with heavy snow when I went there.

The winding mountain road has lost sight of you, leaving only a line of horseshoe prints on the snow.

To annotate ...

(1) Judge Wu: The name is unknown. Judge, official name. Envoys sent by the imperial court, such as our envoys in the Tang Dynasty, can appoint aides to assist in the trial of official duties. They are called judges and are subordinates of our envoys and observation envoys.

(2) White grass: the name of the pasture in the western regions, which turns white in autumn.

(3) Lake sky: refers to the sky in the northern part of Saibei. Hu, the ancient Han nationality's general name for the northern nationalities.

(4) Pear: It blooms in spring and the flowers are white. The metaphor here is that snowflakes pile up on branches, like pear flowers.

(5) Pearl curtain: a curtain made of pearls or decorated with pearls. Describe the beauty of curtain Romu: a tent made of silk. Describe the beauty of the tent. Snowflakes flew into the bead curtain and wet the curtain. "Pearl curtain" and "Luo curtain" belong to beautification.

(6) fox fur (qiú): fox fur. Brocade (qρn): A quilt made of brocade. Brocade is thin (bó): The silk quilt looks thin (because it is cold). Describe the cold weather.

(7) Corner bow: a hard bow with horns at both ends, and a "carved bow". Uncontrollable: (It's so cold that it can't be opened). Control: pull open.

(8) Du (dū) protection: The chief officer guarding the border town is a general term, which is intertextual with the aforementioned "general". Iron clothes: armor. Zhuó: One is "alive". Writing: Also write "writing".

(9) Hanhai: Desert. The desert is full of thick ice. Dry: criss-crossing. Baizhang: One is "Baijiao" and the other is "thousands of feet".

(10) dim: dim.

(1 1) Zhong Jun: It is called the commander or headquarters. Ancient armies were divided into central army, left-wing army and right-wing army, and the central army was the commander's camp. Drinking guests: those who return to Beijing for dinner refer to Judge Wu. Drink, verb, feast.

(12) Hu Qin, Pipa and qiāng flute: Hu Qin and others were musical instruments of brothers in the western regions at that time. Play music while drinking. Qiangdi: the wind instrument of Qiang nationality.

(13) Yuanmen: the gate of the military camp. The ancient army camped, surrounded by cars, and the axes of the two cars stood opposite each other at the entrance and exit, like doors. This refers to the outer door of Shuai Yamen.

(14) Wind lock (chè): The red flag is frozen due to snow, and the wind cannot blow. Switch: pull, pull. Freezing: the flag is blown in one direction by the wind, giving people a feeling of freezing.

(15) Luntai: Tangluntai is located in Miquan County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, which is not the same place as Hanluntai.

(16) Full: paved. Adjectives are used flexibly as verbs.

(17) mountain turn: the mountain turns and the road twists and turns.

Bai Xuege is the work of a poet in the Tang Dynasty.

This poem describes the magnificent scenery of snow in August in the western regions, expresses the feelings of seeing guests off beyond the Great Wall and seeing them off in the snow, and expresses sadness and homesickness, but it is full of whimsy and does not make people sad. The romantic ideal and strong feelings expressed in the poem make people feel that the snow outside the Great Wall has become an object worth pondering and appreciating. The whole poem has rich and broad connotations, magnificent and romantic colors, magnificent momentum, distinct and unique artistic conception and strong artistic appeal, which can be called the masterpiece of frontier poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Among them, "If the spring breeze comes, the night comes, blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" and other poems have become famous sentences that have been told through the ages.

Creation background

In the summer and autumn of the 13th year of Tianbao reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (754), Cen Can was handed over to the Northern Dynasty, and returned to the East at the turn of spring and summer in the second year of Tang Suzong to Germany (757). This poem is regarded as this period. At that time, there were frequent wars in the northwest frontier. With the ambition to contribute to the Great Wall, Cen Can went to the frontier twice and worked in the border guards for six years. Therefore, he has long observed and experienced the life of pommel horse and the ice and snow scenery outside the Great Wall. In the thirteenth year of Tianbao, this is the second time to go to the frontier fortress, and I served as the judge of Feng Changqing in the Northwest Academy (the subordinate of my envoy), while Wu's judge was his predecessor. The poet sent him back to Beijing (Chang 'an, Tang Dou) on the turntable and wrote this poem.

Literary appreciation

Bai Xuege, a masterpiece of frontier poems, was written in his second frontier stage. At this time, he was highly valued by Feng Changqing, the envoy of Anxi, and most of his frontier poems were written in this period. In this poem, with the poet's keen observation and romantic style, Cen Can depicts the magnificent scenery of the frontier fortress in the northwest of the motherland and the warm scene of envoys leaving Beijing in the frontier fortress barracks, showing the patriotic enthusiasm and sincere feelings of the poet and the border guards for their comrades.

The whole poem takes the change of snow scene in one day as a clue, and describes the process of bidding farewell to envoys in Beijing. It has an open mind and a good structure. * * * is divided into three parts.

The first eight sentences are the first part, describing the wonderful snow scene you saw when you got up in the morning and the sudden cold you felt. Friends are about to embark on the road back to Beijing, and the snow hanging on the branches turns into pear flowers in the eyes of the poet, with the arrival of beautiful spring. The first four sentences mainly write about the beauty of the scenery. Words such as "namely" and "suddenly like" vividly and accurately show the expression when you suddenly see the snow scene in the morning. After a night, the earth was wrapped in white and completely new. Then write four sentences about the cold after snow. The line of sight gradually shifted from outside the account to inside the account. The wind has stopped, and the snow is not heavy. The flying snowflakes seem to be fluttering leisurely, entering the bead curtain and wetting the military account. Poets choose daily activities such as living, sleeping, dressing and bowing to express cold, just as it is appropriate to choose to watch snow in the morning to express strangeness. Although it was cold, the soldiers had no complaints. Moreover, it is "uncontrollable", it will train when it is cold, and it is still training with a bow. Writing cold on the surface is actually using cold to foil the inner heat of soldiers, which shows the optimistic fighting mood of soldiers.

The four sentences in the middle are the second part, which depicts the grandeur of the snow scene during the day and the grand occasion of the farewell party. "The sand sea deepens the ice depth, the clouds are bleak, and Wan Li condenses" depicts the overall image of heaven and earth in the snow with romantic exaggeration, which sets off the happy scenes below and embodies the positive significance of soldiers singing and dancing. "But we drink to the guest who came home from the camp and play the savage pipa, guitar and harp for him." A few words show the warmth and solemnity of farewell. In the commander-in-chief of China's army, a banquet was held, and all kinds of musical instruments were brought with all their money, singing and dancing, and drinking to the fullest. The banquet lasted until dusk. The first part of the inner enthusiasm, generated here, reached the climax of joy.

The last six sentences are the third part. They say goodbye to friends at night and set foot on the road home. "Until dusk, when the snow crushed our tent, our frozen red flag could not fly in the wind." The returning guests walked out of the tent in the dusk against the falling snowflakes, and the bright flags frozen in the air looked colorful in the snow. The unshakable and indomitable image of the flag in the cold wind is a symbol of soldiers. These two sentences, one moving and one static, one white and one red, set each other off and become interesting, with vivid pictures and bright colors. "I watched him cross the gate of the wheel tower and head east into the snow drift on Tianfeng Road." The snow was getting heavier and heavier, and the people who saw him off refused to go back. "Then he disappeared at the corner of the pass, leaving only hoofprint" expressed the soldiers' sincere feelings for their comrades in plain language, vivid words and subtle meanings. This part describes the feelings of saying goodbye to friends, and also shows the heroism of frontier soldiers.

This poem accurately, vividly and vividly creates a beautiful artistic conception with beautiful snow scenes, vigorous brushwork, free opening and closing structure and cadence. It is not only well-written melody, moderate relaxation, but also rigid and flexible, which is a rare frontier masterpiece. The whole poem is constantly changing the picture of snow, turning the scene into emotion, generous and tragic, full of vigor and vitality. It expresses the poet's feelings of seeing his friends off and the melancholy caused by their return to Beijing.

Famous comments

Fang's evaluation of Zhao Wei is: The Song of Snow by Cenjiazhou's Farewell to Tian Shuji Wu's Home is excellent. It's refreshing, "suddenly like" six sentences, that kind of strange feeling is escaping, it's refreshing. Recite it every day and pursue it with your heart. Take a breath in the sentence "the vast sea" and "repeat customers" from top to bottom.

Fan Dashi's comments on this poem in Poems of Past Dynasties are as follows: Only when the wine is fragrant and the pen is sung, can you win glory. See the word "snow" everywhere, full of energy.

Zhang's Collection of Tang Xianya says: History is seven ancient, ups and downs, and tolerance hovers. It is quite touching to read. If you have a will, you should pay attention to this. Look at him, so healthy and ups and downs. It can be said that he is high-spirited, including the studious descendants of the Tang Dynasty. Can this happen?

Brief introduction of the author

Cen Can (AD 7 15-770) was born in Jiangling, Tang Dynasty. Cen Wenben Sun, the hero of Taizong. Tianbao has been a scholar for three years. In eight years, he served as the secretary of Gao Xianzhi shogunate, and later served as a judge of Anxi Northwest Court with Feng Changqing to the North Court. In the second year of Zhide, Du Fu and other five people were granted the right to fill vacancies. Later, he became the historical secretariat. Dali died in Chengdu in five years. Gong Shi is better than a seven-character song. There are 360 songs in existence. He has cordial feelings for frontier fortress scenery, military life and cultural customs of ethnic minorities, so his frontier fortress poems are particularly excellent. The style is similar to Gao Shi, and later generations often call it Gao Cen. There are seven volumes of Cenjiazhou's poems.