Who can give me some information about Shenzhou VII?

1, the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft launched in 2008.

Ma Xingrui, deputy head of the lunar exploration project leading group and general manager of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation, said on the 2nd that the successful lunar exploration by Chang 'e-1 satellite marked a new breakthrough in China's satellite development and the development of China's space industry entered a new historical stage of deep space exploration. He also revealed that the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft has entered the stage of comprehensive testing of the whole ship, and China's new generation of launch vehicles have broken through a number of key technologies. According to Ma Xingrui, since China's space industry was founded more than 50 years ago, satellite technology and manned space technology have achieved leap-forward development. China has formed seven satellite series, including recoverable remote sensing satellite series, Dongfanghong communication and broadcasting satellite series, Fengyun meteorological satellite series, practical scientific exploration satellite series, resource earth resources satellite series, Beidou navigation and positioning satellite series and ocean satellite series, and the overall level of satellites has gradually reached the international advanced level. In the past five years, China has also made important progress in the development of small satellites.

The communication satellite launched for Nigeria on May 14, 2007 not only achieved a breakthrough in China's whole satellite export, but also was the first time that China provided commercial services to international customers by means of rocket, satellite and on-orbit delivery. Ma Xingrui said that the successful development, launch and use of this satellite not only promoted the development of China's large-capacity, long-life and highly reliable communication satellite, but also opened up a broader international commercial satellite market for China Aerospace. China has become one of the few suppliers in the world that can provide complete supporting space products and services such as launches, satellites and ground equipment, which has created a new space for China to participate in international exchanges and cooperation independently.

China will launch the Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft in 2008, when Chinese astronauts will make their first spacewalk. Ma Xingrui said that at present, the core technical difficulties such as airlock cabin have been overcome, and the whole ship has entered the comprehensive testing stage. The Long March II F rocket used to launch the Shenzhou VII spacecraft is expected to complete the full arrow assembly before the end of 12.

Up to now, the Long March rocket has been launched 104 times, with a success rate of over 90%. A new generation of launch vehicle industrialization base was laid in Tianjin. Ma Xingrui said that the new generation of launch vehicles will be nontoxic and pollution-free, and its development will push China's ability to enter space to a new level, which is of great significance to China's space development in the next 30 to 50 years. He said that the new generation of launch vehicles has broken through a number of key technologies, and it is expected that by the end of 2008, the project stage will be completed and a preliminary prototype of the project will be developed.

Ma Xingrui said that as the core research unit of China launch vehicle, satellite and manned spacecraft, China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation will continue to aim at the forefront of space technology development in major scientific and technological projects such as manned space flight, lunar exploration project, high-resolution Earth observation system, Beidou satellite navigation system and new generation launch vehicle project, conquer a number of key technologies and core technologies with overall and driving effects, and cultivate high-tech industrial clusters with independent intellectual property rights.

Expert interview

According to an exclusive interview with Xinhua News Agency yesterday, Huang Chunping, a member of Beijing Electric Power Political Consultative Conference, the head of the advisory group of manned space rocket system and the chief commander of Shenzhou 5 rocket, said that the launch time of Shenzhou VII will be delayed by about half a year, and the original launch plan for 2007 will be postponed to 2008.

Huang Chunping said that delaying the launch plan "is not a problem, but a decision on the work cycle." Every component of Shenzhou VII rocket needs to go through a complicated working cycle. First of all, we need to solve key problems with single sample technology. After the key issues are passed, it is necessary to set up the scheme and principle assessment, and then enter the sampling stage. At this stage, there are two tasks to be solved, one is to pass the performance index test, and the other is that the technological capabilities of raw materials and processing should be within the production capacity of the factory. After sampling is qualified, modify the design, make sample production, conduct product experiments, and finally produce products in the factory. In addition, relevant experts should be invited to make an assessment. Therefore, "this is a complex project, which should be done step by step, and we can't rush for success."

Huang Chunping introduced that unlike Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI, the development of Shenzhou VII rocket focuses on space suits and valve braking. Because "Shenzhou VII" will realize spacewalk, whether astronauts can adapt to the sudden vacuum environment from cabin pressure, valve braking and spacesuit plays an important role.

It is reported that the "Shenzhou VII" spacewalk has higher assessment requirements for astronauts. Because the pressure in the spacesuit is lower than normal, it may release nitrogen in human tissues and form air embolism in blood vessels, leading to decompression sickness and even endangering people's lives. Therefore, after the astronauts put on the spacesuit, they must fully absorb the oxygen in the airlock, assist the working astronauts to return to the inner cabin (that is, the orbital module), close the inner door, and then the airlock begins to decompress to vacuum, which is consistent with the vacuum state outside the spacecraft. At this time, the astronauts can leave the cabin. When returning to the cabin after completing the mission of leaving the cabin, it is necessary to decompress the spacesuit to a certain extent, and then inflate the airlock.

"Astronaut extravehicular activity is a difficult and high-risk activity." According to experts, the spacewalk of Shenzhou VII requires astronauts to do full experiments and training on the ground, and the ground training is generally carried out in a neutral pool with certain requirements for specific gravity. This kind of pool is usually built in a large test room. There is a spaceship in the pool, which uses the buoyancy of water to simulate the weightlessness in space. Then the astronauts trained in the pool for entry and exit operations.

Experts say that "Shenzhou VII" will have several necessary conditions for astronauts to walk in space. First of all, it will provide the environment and conditions for astronauts to live and work outside the cabin, the most important of which is the extravehicular spacesuit, which has many functions such as meteor prevention, vacuum heat insulation and shielding, air tightness, pressure maintenance, ventilation and temperature regulation. The gloves of the spacesuit are both sealed and elastic, and the helmet is transparent and sealed. Secondly, the extravehicular backpack has a control system and a communication system, and the control system is equipped with a jet device, so that the astronauts can control the walking direction. It is reported that space suits and backpacks are complex in structure, technically difficult and expensive. A set of spacesuits produced in the United States is about $65,438 +0.5 million. Third, of course, there must be astronauts with skilled technical operation, good health and stable psychological quality.

"At present, other parts of Shenzhou VII are similar, only the spacesuit has to tackle key problems, and the research progress of the spacesuit determines the progress of Shenzhou VII." Huang Chunping added, "However, China is fully capable of solving it."

Huang Chunping said that in order to adapt to the vacuum environment, the Shenzhou VII spacesuit has been greatly improved in terms of air tightness, communication, excretion, communication, power supply and movable joints.

At the time of "Shenzhou 5", China's manned space flight was only an assessment of a person going into space one day. At that time, Yang Liwei only stayed in the return module, and the door of the orbital module was closed. Although "Shenzhou VI" is almost the same as "Shenzhou V" in appearance, the difference is that two astronauts will enter the orbital module from the return module and engage in multi-person and multi-day space flight procedures. Experts made an image metaphor, "Two astronauts are active in' one room, one living room'. On Shenzhou VII, astronauts should not only move in the "one room, one living room", but also walk out of the "living room" and the window on the side of the orbital module.

According to reports, "Shenzhou VII" has higher requirements for astronauts' life support system, extravehicular equipment and structural air tightness, so "Shenzhou VII" will be obviously different from "Shenzhou VI" in appearance, and related systems will also be changed, especially the orbital module.

Usually, after the spacecraft is launched into space, astronauts will make adaptive preparations in the airlock room for 2-3 hours before leaving the cabin. They will wear extravehicular spacesuits, carry backpacks and carry supplies in the airlock. The spacesuit worn by astronauts who walk in space is huge, and the weight on the ground reaches 125 kg, which is not as easy as wearing a hat on the ground. It can only be put on with the help of other astronauts. "So, there will be at least two astronauts on Shenzhou VII, so that we can cooperate with each other. As for how many people will leave the cabin, it is uncertain. It is estimated that a person walks in space. "

According to Huang Chunping's prediction, Shenzhou VII will have three astronauts, one will walk out of the cabin, one will meet in the orbital module, and the other will stay in the return module. Extravehicular activities will include walking, operating, screwing and other installation equipment to prepare for the establishment of a space station in the future.

Series message

Experts say that the female astronaut of Shenzhou VII will definitely not go to heaven.

Times business news:

In 65438+February this year, "2005 Times Business Daily North Book City White-collar Reading Month" was formally established. Since the beginning of the month, there have been celebrities and famous artists.

Invite Lai Shen to face the readers. At 6:5438+00 in the morning, this activity welcomed a special person, that is, Wang Qingren, an aerospace expert from China. On the same day, he accepted an exclusive interview with our reporter, telling and revealing the development status of Shenzhou VII manned spacecraft.

"Shenzhou VII" will travel in groups.

There is a leap from Shenzhou V to Shenzhou VI, that is, from one person going into space to two people taking off, and from one day to five days. Such a leap makes people wonder: How many people will go into space on Shenzhou VII? What kind of model will it become? Regarding this question, Wang Qingren told reporters: "For Shenzhou VII, we may send a team to go on holiday, but no matter how many people there are in a few days, the most important thing is to complete the task of a human being leaving the cabin, which means that the Shenzhou VII people will leave the cabin and go into space."

Regarding the specific difficulty, Wang Qingren said: "It is extremely difficult to do this. The technical key to be solved is to turn astronauts' clothes into' satellites'." In this regard, Wang Qingren further explained: "Because the astronauts are in the space capsule, all the conditions for survival are complete, but out of the space capsule, these conditions are gone, and the radiation in space is extremely strong, which is unbearable for human beings. So at this time, this project is a milestone and is still in the development stage."

It will take time for women to "fly"

After Shenzhou VI, one of the hot topics in the media has been that there will be female astronauts in Shenzhou VII, but Wang Qingren clearly told reporters that there will be no female astronauts in Shenzhou VII. Teacher Wang Qingren explained: "The requirements for astronauts are quite high, not just as simple as flying a spaceship, but also many other requirements such as psychology, experience and adaptability, and these requirements are extremely high. We do recruit a group of female astronauts now, but they are only studying in the flight brigade now, and they have never done simulated flight, let alone real flight, so it will take some time for such a group of female astronauts to become astronauts like Yang Liwei, Nie Haisheng and Fei Longjun. For them, most of them will become experts in the aerospace field. "

The cost of "Shenzhou VII" is lower than that of "Shenzhou VI"

Many people are concerned about the success of Shenzhou VI. How much did it cost? In this regard, Wang Qingren revealed that "the total cost of Shenzhou VI is 900 million yuan, of which Shenzhou VI spacesuit costs 3 million yuan." Wang Qingren said that China must be using limited investment to achieve better results. "Therefore, a more important task for China astronauts is to achieve more world-recognized achievements with limited funds."

Regarding the cost of Shenzhou VII, Wang Qingren told reporters that the cost of Shenzhou VII should be less than that of Shenzhou VI. Because the main research work of our "Shenzhou" series of space technology has been completed, "Shenzhou VII" is developed on the existing basis, and the cost will be much less accordingly. "

Just a month ago, the first TV series "Shenzhou" reflecting the manned spaceflight project was broadcast nationwide, but the experts who watched this TV series were a little helpless. Wang Qingren said, "Several of our colleagues watched it together, and we all laughed after reading it, because the mistakes inside really made us helpless, and we only had a wry smile. Let's take the simplest mistake. Just like a heroine in it, she has always mixed the concepts of "aviation" and "aerospace". The former refers to the plane, and the latter should be what we call a "spaceship", which is what the public now calls "Shenzhou VI". It can be seen from here that they don't really understand the aviation industry, and I often feel that China people are always in a hurry. Many people like to idolize watching Shenzhou TV series, but it will soon cool down. This is also a question of public opinion orientation. I still hope that everyone can look at our aerospace industry calmly. "

launch time

◇ Release time:

It was launched on 2 1:07-22:27 on September 25th, 2008. Accurate to the minute.

A spokesman for China's manned spaceflight project announced on the 6th that the Shenzhou VII manned space mission headquarters held its first meeting on the 6th and decided to carry out the Shenzhou VII manned space flight from September 25th to 30th. Shenzhou VII spacecraft began to fill with propellant on September 7.

The spokesman said that the main systems for carrying out the Shenzhou VII manned space mission have entered the final preparation state. The products such as Shenzhou VII spacecraft, Long March -2F launch vehicle, extravehicular spacesuit and companion satellite have completed the main test work in the launch site, and the ground test systems such as launch site, TT&C communication and landing site have basically completed the preparation for task implementation. The astronaut flight crew conducted a joint exercise of man, ship and arrow at the launch site, with skilled operation skills and good physical and mental state.

After the Shenzhou VII spacecraft is filled with propellant, it will dock with the rocket and be transported vertically to the launching station for final state inspection and confirmation. After the mission command decided to add rocket propellant, it chose the opportunity to launch the spacecraft.

The Shenzhou VII spacewalk is scheduled to take place at 16:30 the day after launch.

Launch condition

No precipitation, the ground wind speed is less than 8 meters per second, and the horizontal visibility is more than 20 kilometers;

From 8 hours before launch to 1 hour after launch, there is no lightning activity within 30 km to 40 km of the site;

The maximum wind speed in the airspace 3 km to 18 km from the launch site of the ship and arrow is less than 70 meters per second, and there should be no lightning for 9 hours before and after launch.

The preferred launch time of Shenzhou VII is September 25th, 2008. On June 5438+0 1, Huang Chunping, head of the China manned space rocket system advisory group, told the relevant media that the preferred launch time of the "Shenzhou VII" manned spacecraft was around 9 pm on September 25th, 2008.

The launch times of Shenzhou V, Shenzhou VI and Chang 'e I are all in the middle and late period of 10, and the launch of Shenzhou VII will be advanced to the end of this month. According to experts, there are many suitable launch windows in September and 10. However, since Shenzhou VII will carry out the spacewalk mission, the angle of the sun when taking off at the end of September is more suitable for astronauts' extravehicular activities, which can make the spacecraft see the sun in the shortest time and ensure that the astronauts have sunshine when they leave the cabin.

The best meteorological conditions for launching manned space flight mainly include: no precipitation, ground wind speed less than 8 meters per second and horizontal visibility more than 20 kilometers; From 8 hours before launch to 1 hour after launch, there is no lightning activity within 30 km to 40 km of the site; The maximum wind speed in the airspace 3 km to 18 km from the launch site of the ship and arrow is less than 70 meters per second, and there should be no lightning for 9 hours before and after launch.

Huang Chunping said that whether it can be launched as scheduled depends mainly on the weather at the launch site at that time. Light rain and temperature generally do not affect the normal launch of the spacecraft, but strong wind may cause the spacecraft to delay the launch, because the wind speed exceeds the bearing capacity of the rocket and may change its flight direction.

Huang Chunping revealed that the astronauts' spacewalk will be carried out after the spacecraft enters orbit and flies around the earth for more than five times.

After "Shenzhou V" and "Shenzhou VI" were launched into orbit, it was impossible to take photos of the outside of the spacecraft in space, and the live TV broadcast at that time was limited to the cabin. And "Shenzhou VII" will be able to make up for this shortcoming after releasing the accompanying small satellite. According to experts, the small satellite can fly around at close range because it is equipped with a CCD stereo camera, which can provide the first three-dimensional exterior photo of the spacecraft in orbit and the real-time picture of the astronauts' extravehicular activities.

Pang Zhihao, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, said that internationally, both situations exist, whether it is a day launch or a night launch.

"Shenzhou VII" astronaut

The Shenzhou VII spacecraft will be launched on September 25th, and three selected astronauts have been confirmed. It is reported that Zhai Zhigang, an astronaut who was selected for the Shenzhou program twice, is the most likely person to carry out China's first spacewalk.

The three astronauts selected for Shenzhou VII spacecraft include Zhai Zhigang who was selected for Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI, and two teammates Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng who were also selected for Shenzhou VI.

Among them, Zhai Zhigang is most likely to perform the extravehicular task, and Liu Boming is the first choice. Zhai Zhigang, 42, is from Longxiang County, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province. 1985 joined the air force, and the safety flight record exceeded 1000 hours.

It is understood that Shenzhou VII will be launched from 8 pm to 9 pm on the 25th of this month. The afternoon of 26th and 27th is the most suitable time to leave the cabin, when two astronauts will enter the orbital module. Because the spacesuit is very heavy, the cost exceeds 1 100 million yuan, and it can only be put on with the help of another person. This spacewalk will take about 40 minutes. The astronauts will be connected to two lifeline. The spacesuit is developed on the basis of Russian spacesuit, which provides oxygen, pressure, power supply and communication equipment. After the astronauts leave the cabin, there will be a small satellite with a camera lens on it, which will broadcast the spacewalk live. If this technology is successful, it will be a breakthrough in China's space science and technology. About 68 hours after launch, all the experiments will be completed. On the afternoon of 28th, the spacecraft will return to Earth.

Shenzhou VII is about to launch, and the last rocket and telemetry system test has been completed. The security level inside and outside Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center has been upgraded in an all-round way, and the security of nearby military airports has also been strengthened. Radar and various detection instruments have been put into operation, and various arrangements have been made on the ground and above.

The radar is constantly detecting, and the sky and the ground are fully fortified. This military airport is about 100 km away from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, which is the only way to the launch center and another protective net outside the launch center, ensuring that all preparations for the launch of Shenzhou VII are foolproof. During the last two launches of Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou VI, Chinese leaders went from Beijing to Jiuquan Launch Center to watch the launching process. They all go to the military airport first and then transfer to the launch center. The range from the launch center to the military airport has been completely listed as a military restricted area, and the road to space has been completely blocked. No one is allowed to stay in this area, let alone shoot. Shenzhou V, Shenzhou VI and Shenzhou VII were all launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, but security was obviously strengthened every time. The number of checkpoints leading to the space city has increased from one or two in the past to three or four. Every day, checkpoints are guarded by armed police and the People's Liberation Army. All vehicles from Space Road to the launch center must have a pass to be released, and all drivers and passengers must register their certificates.

Eventually Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng will fly, and Zhai Zhigang is expected to walk in space. The first choice is Liu Boming.

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