How to spend the winter in Siberia? Locals: Talk less, drink less, go out less and eat more raw meat.

There are many famous "ice cities" near the Arctic Circle, and the temperature is almost very low most of the year, which is not a livable city in the traditional sense. For example, the famous ice cities are Reykjavik, Murmansk and Tromso, all of which are famous for their unique ice and snow features and attract overseas tourists.

The northeast of China is adjacent to Russia, with high latitude, and there are ice and snow wonders every winter. Harbin is the "ice city" of China. But in fact the coldest city in the world is Yakutsk, Russia.

Although Yakutsk is not well-known, the temperature is frightening. According to various statistics, the lowest temperature in Yakutsk is basically 1 month, as low as -38, the highest temperature is in July, which is roughly 19, and the annual average temperature is -8.

In short, it is extremely cold, colder than anywhere in China. Apart from the low temperature, Yakutsk and China are also quite predestined friends. His indigenous population is not white, but yellow people like China.

Next, let's learn about Yakutsk's past lives. How do Yakutsk people spend the long winter in low temperature?

Yakutsk is now the capital of the Russian Republic of Sakha, located in the vast Siberia. Although the Republic of Saha is a provincial administrative unit, it covers an area of 3.08 million square kilometers.

What is this concept? The area of Saha * * * is about 1/3 of that of China, a little larger than that of Indian. However, its population is less than 6.5438+0 million, and the population of Yakutsk, the capital, is only about 300,000, which fully conforms to the "setting" of vast territory and sparsely populated. Yakutsk's indigenous people are Yakutsk people, not white people in the traditional sense, but look like yellow people.

At present, there is no unified conclusion about the origin of Yakutia in academic circles, and it is generally believed that it originated from the Mongolian Plateau. Around the tenth century, Yakutia people moved to the Lena River in Siberia for various reasons and lived a semi-nomadic and semi-settled life.

The Yakutians who settled here believed in Shamanism (a primitive religion, popular in northeast and northwest China), but after being conquered by the Russians, most of them converted to the Orthodox Church. Therefore, the mainstream religion in Yakutsk is Orthodox Church, but a small number of people still believe in Shamanism.

In fact, it can be seen from Yakutia people's belief in Shamanism that this nation originated from Mongolian plateau generation to a great extent, and its ancestors may be Mongolians.

Yakutsk was built around 1632, and was later conquered by Russia. Because of the cold climate in Yakutsk, agriculture cannot develop at all. Therefore, Yakutsk mainly transported timber from Russia at that time and attracted fur traders to do business here. However, Yakutsk has not been developed because of its cold climate and sparse population.

Russia has always had a tradition of banishing prisoners to Siberia with a cold climate. After the establishment of the Soviet Union, it perfectly inherited the Russian tradition and exiled all kinds of criminals to Yakutsk on a large scale.

That is, during the Soviet period, Yakutsk developed rapidly, with a population of more than several hundred thousand and various infrastructure construction. During the Soviet period, Yakutsk began to form its present scale and industrial system.

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Yakutsk, as the capital, has maintained its original development, but its population is only equivalent to a small county in China. Many white Russians have moved here now, but it is still a large yellow population area in the world.

Since the climate is so cold, how do people cope with the long winter? The locals once explained: talk less, drink less, go out less, and eat more raw meat.

Because Yakutsk is located on frozen soil, it is a great challenge to the construction of houses and infrastructure. In order to cope with the frozen soil, Yakutsk's houses are basically not close to the ground, but should be built on wooden stakes to prevent the houses from tilting due to the melting of snow and ice in summer. Like infrastructure, it can only be built on the surface, not deep underground.

For example, water pipes can only be laid on the road surface, and heating stations should be set at a certain distance to prevent the pipes from freezing and cracking. Doors and windows should also be reinforced by three or four floors. Go out as little as possible if you can. Don't go out unless you can.

For Yakutsk locals, the biggest fear is the failure of heating and power supply. According to the available data, Yakutsk is the first city in the Soviet Union to realize heating. With or without heating, it's almost a two-story world.

At present, heating in Yakutsk is mainly concentrated in two urban areas, and villages and towns are not yet popular. However, as mentioned earlier, Yakutsk has a large amount of wood reserves, which has solved most of the rural heating problems. In the worst case, there are heating equipment such as air conditioners and electric fans.

In addition to heating, the local indigenous Yakutia people also have a special eating habit: eating raw meat. When this custom of eating raw meat originated and how long it lasted is still inconclusive, but it is also closely related to the climate in Yakutsk. As mentioned above, the life style of Yakutia ancestors was mainly nomadic, but the cold climate made life inconvenient and they had to eat raw meat.

Today, although it is known that eating raw meat has little effect and may infect bacteria, eating raw meat has long been a Yakutia culture. So every winter, Yakutia people eat fish, horses and venison raw, and then mix them with their own baked bread.

But later, Yakutsk immigrants were more meticulous in diet and did not eat raw meat. Due to the cold climate, many local crops cannot be planted, and they can only be prepared from other parts of Russia.

Russians love drinking, which is known all over the world, but local shops in Yakutsk prohibit selling alcohol at night. Many people will lose consciousness after getting drunk and fall directly outdoors, which is likely to freeze to death. Therefore, in some cities in Siberia, it is forbidden to sell alcohol at night.

In a word, the winter in Yakutsk is long and cold, and the local people have many heating measures. Moreover, because Yakutsk is located in the middle reaches of Lena River, fishermen can fish from the river, and it is estimated that the fish are frozen into popsicles. Yakutsk is not only the coldest city in the world, but also preserves many paleontological relics.

Also because of the cold climate, many mammoth remains were unearthed in Yakutsk, and a mammoth museum was built here. Yakutsk is a paradise for paleontologists. The cold climate is not good for human beings, but it is the best way to preserve biological remains.

The mammoth body unearthed in Yakutsk is not only intact, but also as fresh as ever. It is estimated that local people can only choose cremation after death, and burial is simply difficult to implement in the local area. Yakutsk is also a multi-ethnic city, and all ethnic groups are integrated with each other, forming a unique urban culture.

Today, Yakutsk has not only universities (Northeast Federal University), but also cinemas, concert halls, theaters and other entertainment facilities. But in winter, many residents are reluctant to go out.

Yakutsk and Harbin have always maintained friendly relations. Many exchange programs have been signed between the two cities, and many China people go to Yakutsk to do business. For those who like ice and snow, Yakutsk is definitely a paradise. But for those who are afraid of the cold, Yakutsk probably never wants to go.

Yakutsk has its own unique scenery and culture except its climate. The local aborigines have the same skin color as the yellow race, so China people will probably feel more cordial if they go to Yakutsk.

In fact, there are few places in the world that are really livable. It's too cold near the North Pole and South Pole, and too hot near the equator. However, no matter what kind of environment, local aborigines have created unique survival skills, some of which continue to this day. If human beings want to survive, they must fight against all kinds of harsh environments, and climate is just one of them.

However, with the progress of science and technology, many problems have been solved and many heating measures have been created in the cold climate. Today, Yakutsk people have been able to completely overcome the cold climate, and the local area has attracted crowds of tourists because of its unique climate.

Of course, it is undeniable that the climate does restrict the development of Yakutsk in some ways, and few people are willing to settle here. For Yakutsk locals, they are used to the ice and snow lifestyle, and it is estimated that they feel very "warm" wherever they go.

Yakutsk is definitely a good choice for adventurers who want to feel the cold and snowy weather. Moreover, Yakutsk is located in the middle reaches of the Lena River, so it is a good choice to feel the scenery of the Lena River.

In short, the unique snow and ice weather has created Yakutsk, which is worth visiting.

References:

Winter in Yakutsk