Meteorological disasters that harm crops

Meteorological disasters that harm crops include frost, drought, hail, etc.

1. Frost

Refers to low-temperature freezing damage in a short period of time during a warm period when the atmospheric temperature drops rapidly enough to cause crop damage or death (usually at 0℃ or 0℃ the following). Low temperatures below 0°C cause the water in the interstitial spaces between crop cells to form ice crystals, causing cell dehydration. At the same time, the formed ice crystals increase in size and destroy crop cells, causing damage to crops.

2. Drought

Refers to areas with low agricultural level, due to long-term no rain or little rain, resulting in soil water shortage and dry air, resulting in water shortage of crops, affecting normal growth and development. Agrometeorological disasters that reduce production. Drought causes water loss in crops, resulting in wilting (temporary wilting or permanent wilting) and a series of injuries.

3. Hail

A severe meteorological disaster caused by strong convective weather systems. Crops in the seedling stage in spring have strong recovery ability and can resume growth after disasters. After crops in summer and autumn are hit by hail, the leaves of crops are broken, the flower spikes are destroyed, the seeds fall off, and the harvest is severe.

Types of frost

1. Advection frost

Frost caused by the invasion of strong cold air from the north is common in early spring and late autumn north of the Yangtze River, and Winter in South China and Southwest China is called wind frost by people in the north, and advection frost in meteorology.

2. Radiation frost

On a clear and windless night, low temperatures occur on the ground due to strong radiation heat dissipation. People call it clear frost or still frost. In meteorology, it is called radiation frost. .

3. Mixed frost

First, due to the invasion of strong cold air from the north, the temperature dropped sharply. After the wind stopped, it became clear at night, strong radiation heat dissipation, and the temperature dropped again, causing frost. This kind of frost It is called mixed frost or advective radiation frost and is the most common type of frost. Once this kind of frost occurs, the temperature often drops drastically and the air is dry and cold, which can easily cause crops and garden plants to wither and die. Therefore, special attention should be paid to this type of frost to avoid serious economic losses.

Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Frost