Electrical safety operation requirements

Basic requirements for safe operation of electricians

Introduction: Electrician is a very dangerous occupation, and it needs to be in contact with the circuit every day. Therefore, it is necessary for every electrician to have safety knowledge about electricians. Do you know what the safe operation requirements of electricians are? Everybody follow me to have a look!

Electrical safety operation requirements

Electrical safety technical operation requirements refer to the installation and maintenance electrician on the construction site.

(a), the general provisions:

1. Electricians are special operators, and they must pass the unified examination of the local labor department before they can obtain the certificate issued by the state? Special operations personnel operation certificate? , can work, and review once every two years.

2, electrician operation must be carried out by two people at the same time, one homework, one care.

3. When working on electrical lines (equipment) with total or partial power failure, the equipment (line) must be disconnected from the power supply, and measures should be taken to prevent sudden series connection of electricity to the parts and equipment (line) that may be electrified, and short-circuit protection should be done when necessary.

4, maintenance of electrical equipment (lines), should first cut off the power supply, (switch off, remove the insurance) lock the distribution box, and hang up? No closing the door when someone is working? Warning signs, or assign special care.

5, all insulation inspection tools, should be properly kept, it is strictly prohibited to use, stored in a dry, clean tool cabinet, and regular inspection and calibration in accordance with the provisions, before use, must first check whether it is in good condition, before use.

6, near the live equipment, it is forbidden to use steel (roll) ruler to measure related dimensions.

7. When the electrode is connected with the hammer, the hand holding the hammer is not allowed to wear gloves. The person holding the grounding electrode should hold the grounding electrode on the side and stabilize it with tools. Wear protective glasses when punching holes in concrete or back with an impact drill, electric drill or drilling machine.

8. When the electric box or transformer is dried by induction method, its shell should be grounded.

9. When using hand-held power tools, the shell should be well grounded. It is forbidden to screw the shell grounding wire and the working zero line together and insert them into the socket. Two-wire and three-wire sockets must be used.

10, when wiring, you must choose a suitable wire stripper mouth, and you must not damage the wire core. When cutting the wire end, the knife edge should be outward and the force should be uniform.

1 1. The rated current of fuses used in electrical equipment should be suitable for their load capacity. It is forbidden to replace fuses with large fuses or their wires.

12, full preparations must be made before work, and the person in charge of the work should arrange the safety measures and precautions of all personnel as required, and define the division of labor. Those who suffer from diseases unsuitable for work, please take a long vacation to return to work. Inexperienced workers and thoughtful and emotional people cannot be assigned their important technical work and climbing work.

13, homework personnel are not allowed to drink before going to work, work clothes must be neatly dressed, concentrate, and are not allowed to leave without leave.

(2) Installation

1. Three-phase five-wire system (HN-S) should be adopted for power supply on the construction site. The metal shell and conduit of all electrical equipment must be reliably connected with the special protective zero line. There should be at least two connection points of the protective zero line of the equipment that produces vibration, and the protective zero line should not be equipped with switches or circuit breakers.

2. The protective zero line shall be laid separately and shall not be used for other purposes. In addition to grounding in the distribution room or distribution box, it should be repeatedly grounded at the middle and end of the line and connected to the protective zero line. Its grounding resistance is not greater than 10? .

3. The cross section of the protective zero line should not be less than that of the working zero line, and must meet the requirements of mechanical strength. If the distance between protective zero lines is greater than 12m, the protective zero lines must be insulated copper wires or insulated aluminum wires less than 10mm2.

4. The cross section of protective zero line connected with electrical equipment should be insulated multi-strand copper conductor with a diameter of not less than 2.5mm2, and the unified sign of protective zero line is green/yellow double-color line. In any case, the green/yellow line is not allowed to be used as a load line.

5. The zero line section of single-phase line is the same as that of phase line, and the working zero line and protection zero line section of three-phase line are not less than 50% of the phase line section.

6. Overhead lines shall have a span of not more than 35m and a distance between lines of not less than 0.3m Overhead lines shall be arranged in phase sequence: from left to right, the loads are L 1, N, L2, L3 and PE (note: L 1, L2 and L3 are phase lines, N is working zero line and PE is protection zero line).

7. Within an overhead line span, the number of joints of each layer of overhead lines shall not exceed 50% of the number of wires in that layer, and only one joint is allowed for one wire. Within the scope of crossing railways, highways, rivers and power lines, lines should not have joints.

8. Overhead lines should use concrete poles or wooden poles. Concrete poles should not have exposed tendons, circumferential cracks and distortions, and wooden poles should not rot. The tip diameter should be no less than 130mm, and the buried depth of the pole should be110 plus 0.6m However, the buried depth should be appropriately increased in soft soil or reinforced with chuck.

9. When rubber cables are laid overhead, they should be placed high along the wall or pole and fixed with insulators. Bare metal wires are strictly prohibited as binding wires. The distance between the fixed points shall ensure that the rubber cable can bear the load caused by its own weight, and the maximum sag distance of the rubber cable shall not be less than 2.5m.

10, distribution box, switch box should be installed in a dry, ventilated and normal temperature place, the box should be waterproof, dustproof, locked, and the door should be? Is there an electrical hazard? Sign, should indicate the purpose of the shunt switch in the box. The height from the ground of the fixed box bottom should be greater than 1.3m and less than 1.5m, and the height from the ground of the movable box bottom should be greater than 0.6m and less than1.5m. The working zero line and the protective zero line in the box should be laid separately by connecting terminals. Electrical appliances and wiring in the box must be installed neatly and overhauled once a month. The metal back seat and shell must be protected and connected to zero.

1 1. The rated leakage action current and rated leakage action time selected by the two-stage leakage protectors in the main distribution box and switch box should be reasonably matched to make them have the function of classified protection. Each electrical equipment should have its own dedicated switch box, which must be implemented. One machine and one brake? System, install leakage protector.

12, the inlet and outlet of the distribution box and switch box should be at the bottom of the box, and it is strictly prohibited to be located on the top, side, back or outside of the door. Incoming and outgoing lines shall be bundled with sheaths and bent waterproof, and the wire harness shall not be in direct contact with the incoming and outgoing lines of the box. Incoming and outgoing lines of mobile distribution box and switch box must be rubber insulated cables.

13. In the switch box of each electric construction machine or manual electric tool, an isolating switch and an overload, short circuit and leakage protection device must be installed, and its load line must be a multi-strand copper-core rubber-sheathed flexible cable or a plastic-sheathed flexible cord without joints according to its capacity. Wire connectors shall be firm and reliable with good insulation.

14, lighting transformer must use double winding type, autotransformer is strictly prohibited, lighting switch must control the fire line, when using the line lamp, the power supply voltage shall not exceed 36V.

15. When installing the equipment power cord, install one end of the electrical equipment first, and then install one end of the power supply, and the disassembly should be the opposite.

(3) Power maintenance

1, maintenance tools and instruments, etc. Should be regularly checked to maintain good insulation, unqualified maintenance tools and instruments are not allowed to be used.

2. After the motor and electrical appliances are dismantled and overhauled, the thread ends should be wrapped with insulating cloth in time, and the thread ends of high-voltage motors and electrical appliances must be short-circuited and grounded.

3, when working on the high and low voltage electrical equipment line, must be a power outage, generally no live work.

4. After the power failure, the equipment and lines in front of the grounding wire should use qualified electroscope, and after the electricity is checked according to the regulations, the operation can be carried out. Portable connecting wires shall be soft bare copper wires with a cross section of not less than 25mm2, and there shall be no broken strands and fractures.

5. The ground wire should be connected and disconnected by two people, one for monitoring and one for operation. Insulating gloves should be worn. When connecting the grounding wire, connect the grounding wire end first, and then disconnect the grounding wire end.

6. Before use, check whether the ankle buckle and the pedal seat belt are firm and reliable. Choose the ankle buckle according to the size of the rod. The stride length of the pedal rod should be appropriate, and the ankle buckle should not collide. The use of the seat belt should be appropriate and fastened, and the rope buckle should be placed on the left and right front sides.

7. Before climbing the pole, check whether the root of the wooden pole is decayed or hollow (pine pole is not more than 1/4, Chinese fir pole is not more than 1/3), whether the original stay wires and piles are in good condition, whether the cement pole is smooth and level, whether there are obvious cracks in the exposed steel bars, and whether the pole body is inclined or sunk.

8, pole and ground staff should wear safety helmets, and do a good job of monitoring the work area, to prevent pedestrians and vehicles from crossing, transfer materials used rope or tool bag transfer, it is forbidden to throw up and down.

9, thunderstorm and windy weather above level 6, pole operation is not allowed.

10, the protection zero lines of multiple electrical equipment are not allowed to be connected in series.

1 1. There should be two people on duty in the field transformer (distribution) room. For small-capacity transformer (distribution) rooms, when a single person is on duty, no matter whether the high-voltage equipment is charged or not, it is forbidden to cross-check and engage in repair work.

12. In case of local power failure in high-voltage live area, the distance between operators and live equipment shall comply with safety regulations, and tools and materials shall be transported within a safe distance away from live equipment.

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