Why are civil aircraft more resistant to bad weather than fighter planes?

Civil aircraft and fighter planes have their own advantages and disadvantages in resisting bad weather. It can't be said that civil aircraft are generally better than fighters.

Bad weather affects the flight safety of aircraft in three aspects:

1. Excessive rainfall leads to a large increase in engine water intake, whether it will lead to engine flameout;

2. Whether excessive wind speed and strong wind shear will have a serious impact on the operation of the aircraft, even exceeding the allowable overload, resulting in damage to the aircraft structure;

3. Will Lei Yun be struck by lightning, which will damage electronic equipment and structure?

Question 1 The engine reliability of civil aircraft is higher than that of military aircraft. Even if it is turned off, the success rate of re-ignition is higher. In actual operation, if the rainfall is too large, the operation manual will require the pilot to put the ignition switch in the continuous ignition position; However, the combustion chamber of military aircraft engine has higher temperature and higher tolerance for water quantity, so there is no obvious difference in this respect.

Question 2: No matter how fast the wind speed is, it only works if it can blow to the plane. Therefore, the huge volume and weight of civil aircraft determine that its ability to resist crosswind and wind change is stronger than that of fighter aircraft, but its strength is directly related to its size; For wind shear, the available overload of civil aircraft is usually less than 4G, which is really Mao Mao rain for fighters. In practice, it often happens that civil aviation aircraft encounter wind shear and the rudder surface of the aircraft is damaged, but it is much less common for fighter aircraft.

Question 3: No matter whether it is a civil aircraft or a military aircraft, it is necessary to take a detour when seeing thunderstorm clouds, but it is inevitable that they will be struck by lightning through the clouds during take-off and landing. However, due to the large margin of electromagnetic protection and structural strength in the design, military aircraft are more resistant to lightning strikes than civil aircraft.

The reason why civil airliners fly steadily is because civil airliners are designed statically, while modern fighters are designed statically.

In short, when the aircraft loses power, the static instability design of the aircraft is theoretically uncontrollable. An airplane designed for static stability is theoretically a controllable glider after losing power. If a civil airliner is designed to be statically unstable, this design will be considered as a design defect. Therefore, civil airliners themselves are more stable than modern fighters, basically flying in the stratosphere, and will also avoid bad weather through airborne weather radar. Therefore, relatively speaking, civil airliners will ride more smoothly.

Military fighters, from F- 16, have been designed to be statically unstable, or more accurately, to relax the aerodynamic design of static stability. This means that F- 16 can't fly smoothly without the help of fly-by-wire control system and computer and only by manual control of pilots. But the advantage of this design is that the maneuverability of the fighter will be greatly improved and the total lift will also be improved. Control will be very sensitive and conducive to air combat.