Daily greening and maintenance skills in Tongling

1, plot selection and overall breeding. Plot selection. It's best to choose sandy loam with sunny leeward, convenient irrigation and drainage, deep soil layer, water retention and air permeability, rich humus, soil pH value between 5 and 7, and plots where ginger is not planted. Generally, deep ploughing and freezing were carried out from last winter to around, and deep ploughing was carried out again before sowing the next year. The length of the ginger bed is uncertain. The field is 4-5 meters wide and 0.5-0.6 meters deep. Three ditches are needed.

2. sow. Ginger seed preparation. Peanut bud ginger block with stout buds, round top and no disease was selected as planting ginger, and only 1 bud was left for each ginger seed. Sow in time. Generally, after Tomb-Sweeping Day and before Grain Rain, when the ground temperature is stable above 16℃, sowing will be started. Reasonable close planting. Ginger should be planted closely, but not as densely as possible, depending on the soil quality. Generally, the row spacing is 55-60 cm, the plant spacing is 2 1-24 cm, and the sowing amount per mu is about 300 kg.

3. On-site management. Water slurry management. Tongling Baijiang likes wet, avoids stagnant water and is afraid of drought. Therefore, in the growing period, the border surface should be moist frequently, and it can be irrigated during drought and drained during waterlogging. Base fertilizer and topdressing. Combined with sowing, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer and 50 kilograms of cake fertilizer can be applied per mu, and several kilograms of other manure such as plant ash or cowshed manure can be used as base fertilizer. 15-20 days after sowing, 1 time weaning fertilizer can be topdressing. Pour 500 Jin of diluted human and animal fertilizer per mu. In the first half of June, 1 weaning fertilizer was applied again, and 65-75kg cake fertilizer, 25-30kg diammonium phosphate, 8 8- 10/0kg urea and 600-750kg rare human and animal manure were applied per mu. In the first half of July and the first half of August, apply strong ginger fertilizer twice, mainly with rare human and animal manure, and 500-750 kg can be applied per mu. Skillfully applying selenium-enriched biological fertilizer. In order to improve the quality of Tongling white ginger, when the plant height in Jiang Miao is 90 cm, we can choose to spray selenium-enriched biological fertilizer on the leaves at about 4 pm on sunny days, with the dosage of 2g per mu and the selenium concentration of 20g per liter, spraying 1 time every three days and spraying * * * 3 times, which can effectively improve the selenium content.

4. Build a shed for shade. Tongling white ginger is afraid of high temperature and scorching sun during its growth period. Therefore, after sowing, it is necessary to set up a shed to shade the sun, and it is appropriate to have three points of sunshine and seven points of shade. In the first half of September, when the weather turns cold and the light intensity weakens, the awning should be removed in time to avoid the stems and leaves growing in vain. Farming and soil farming. The growth period is combined with intertillage, which is generally cultivated for 5-6 times, and the first time 1 time is carried out at 2.5-3 reed stage, which is shallow. Half a month later, the second time, this time it was just a little dirt. After 20 days, it can be combined with the third topdressing, and it can be ploughed again and lightly. The fourth and fifth times depend on the weather. Generally, it will be carried out 3-4 days after the rain, and it can be dug and ploughed again. The soil should be cultivated to the height of stem reed 12- 15 cm, the higher the better. Thinning and pumping. Defibrillation is carried out in 2.5-3 reeds. Leave only one reed seedling per plant to avoid consuming nutrients. If the seedling emergence is uneven, it can be combined with thinning transplanting at this time. Generally, after beginning of autumn, water should be pumped every morning when the dew is still wet, and it should be pumped 2-3 times, with an interval of about 7 days each time, so as to prevent the stems and reeds from growing wildly.

5, pest control. Prevention and cure of ginger blast. Integrated control: crop substitution and paddy-upland rotation; Selecting disease-free ginger varieties; Dig out diseased plants; Increase the application amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; Chemical control: use 500-600 times of ginger blast solution per mu, spray it every 10- 15 days/time, and spray it continuously for 5-7 times. Control of ginger borer. When it happens in a small range, it can be captured manually. If dead seedlings are found, find out the insect mouth, pull out the stem and kill the ginger moth larvae. It can also be controlled by biological pesticides such as special moth killer.

Step 6 harvest. Generally, fresh ginger is harvested from the end of September to the beginning of June, 65438+1October, and planted ginger is harvested in late June and early winter of 65438+1October. 30 days before harvest, it is forbidden to use any fertilizers and chemicals.