What should be done in the daily maintenance of computers?

How to maintain the computer? Such as daily care, hard disk maintenance and so on.

Steps/methods

How to carry out computer maintenance

Computer Maintenance-Cleaning Hardware

After the computer is used for a long time, dust and other dirt will accumulate inside and outside the fuselage, causing damage to the computer. So it is very necessary to clean up the computer at ordinary times or for a period of time.

First, the computer maintenance of cleaning tools does not need very complicated tools. For general dust removal and maintenance, you only need to prepare a cross screwdriver, a straight screwdriver and a paint brush (or an oil painting pen, which is easy to depilate and not suitable for use). If you want to clean the inside of floppy drive and optical drive, you need to prepare lens rag, hair dryer, anhydrous alcohol, absorbent cotton ball, clock screwdriver, tweezers, leather tiger, paper clip, clock oil (or sewing machine oil) and butter.

2. Precautions 1. Before opening the case, please confirm the warranty period of the computer accessories.

Note: During the warranty period, it is recommended not to open the chassis of the brand machine for cleaning, because this means losing the right of warranty. During the warranty period, you can take the brand machine to the maintenance point and ask professionals to carry out internal dust removal.

2. Pay attention to handle with care when you start work, because all parts of the computer belong to precision instruments, and if you accidentally fall to the ground, you will die.

3. Pay attention to the orientation of each patch cord during disassembly, such as hard disk cord, floppy drive cord and power cord, so as to restore it correctly.

4. When fixing all parts with screws, aim at the position of the parts first, and then tighten the screws. Especially the motherboard, a slight position deviation may lead to poor card contact; The uneven installation of the motherboard may lead to poor contact or even short circuit between the memory module and the adapter card, and even deformation and failure over time.

5. Because the integrated circuit devices on the computer board are mostly manufactured by MOS technology, this semiconductor device is quite sensitive to electrostatic high voltage. When people or things with static electricity touch these devices, they will release static electricity, and the released static high voltage will damage these devices. Pay special attention to electrostatic protection when maintaining the computer.

Get the tools ready and know the precautions when operating, then you can start cleaning the computer.

Third, the external equipment cleaning

1. Monitor cleaning. The cleaning of the monitor is divided into two parts: the shell and the display screen.

1 step The main reason why the shell turns black and yellow is the pollution of dust and indoor smoke. Special cleaning agents can be used to restore the original appearance of the shell.

The second step is to clean the dust at the gap of the cooling hole with a soft brush. Sweep gently along the direction of the gap and blow off the dust with a blowing skin.

The third step is a little troublesome for the cleaning of the display screen. Because the display screen is now covered with a protective coating, you can't use any solvent-based cleaner when cleaning, you can wipe it with glasses cloth or lens paper. The wiping direction should be in one direction, and the cloth surface should be changed several times to prevent the cloth surface that has occupied dirt from scratching the coating again.

2. Clean the keyboard and mouse.

Step 1: Turn the keyboard upside down and tap the keyboard, so that the debris that causes the keyboard to get stuck will be knocked out of the keyboard.

The second step is to use neutral detergent or computer-specific detergent to remove the hard-to-remove stains on the keyboard, scrub the keyboard with a wet cloth and dry it.

The third step is to clean up the dirt in the gap of the keyboard with a cotton swab.

Similarly, after the mouse is used for a long time, it will also appear that it will not listen to the command. At this time, dust removal is needed. Generally speaking, a mechanical mouse only needs to clean the ball and shaft inside.

Step 1 Open the mouse by unscrewing the screw at the bottom of the mouse.

Step 2: Clean the dirt on the mouse ball and roller with detergent, and then install the mouse.

Due to the sealed design of the optical mouse, dust and dirt will not enter the interior. When using the mouse at ordinary times, it is best to use the mouse pad, which can prevent dust and dirt from entering the mouse.

3. Cleaning of chassis shell. Because the chassis is usually placed under the computer desk, it is usually not very clean and hygienic, and dust and dirt are easy to attach to the chassis shell. You can first remove floating dust with a dry cloth, then wipe off some stubborn stains with a cloth stained with cleaning agent, and then gently brush off the dust on the surface of various interfaces on the back of the chassis with a brush.

Fourth, the internal cleaning of the host After the external equipment cleaning is completed, the most important internal cleaning of the host begins. Because the chassis is not sealed, a lot of dust will accumulate in the chassis after a period of time, which is very unfavorable to the operation of computer hardware. Too much dust can easily lead to computer failure and even serious consequences of burning hardware, so dust removal inside the host is very important and needs to be carried out regularly, usually once every three months. The above work needs to be done frequently. When cleaning, just clean the computer shell.

1. Remove the main engine.

Note: Before disassembly, please turn off the machine, discharge static electricity or put on anti-static gloves, and then do the following operations. Step 1 First, unplug all peripheral wires on the back of the chassis, unscrew several screws on the back of the chassis with a screwdriver, and remove the chassis cover.

Step 2: Then, place the host horizontally with the motherboard facing down, unscrew the screw fixing the card on the upper edge of the bar window with a screwdriver, then hold the upper edge of the interface card with both hands and pull it out vertically.

Step 3 Next, unplug the hard disk, CD-ROM drive and floppy drive horizontally. The data cable is pulled out in the same way as the power cable. Then, use a Phillips screwdriver to unscrew the screws on both sides of the drive bracket to fix the drive and remove the drive.

Step 4: Unscrew the four screws between the back of the chassis and the power supply, and then remove the power supply.

The fifth step is to unplug all kinds of wiring plugs inserted in the motherboard. When unplugging the double-row 20-pin plug of the power supply, pay attention to the small plastic card on the plug, hold it, and pull it straight to unplug the power supply.

Step 6: Pull out the plastic clips at both ends of the memory stick with a little force, so that the memory stick can jump out and take out the memory stick.

Step 7 When removing the CPU radiator, you need to press the elastic piece at the far end first, so that the elastic piece can leave the card slot of the CPU socket and take out the CPU radiator.

Step 8 Unscrew the screw that fixes the motherboard to the chassis and take the motherboard out of the chassis.

2. Start cleaning up. After the demolition, the next step is to dust them and restore their original appearance.

Step 1 Clean the motherboard. Clean the dust on the surface of the motherboard with a brush first. Then use oil painting pen to clean all kinds of slots and drive interface plugs. Then blow the dust out with a leather tiger or a hair dryer.

Tip: If there is oil stain on the metal pin in the slot, it can be removed with absorbent cotton ball dipped in special cleaner for computer or anhydrous alcohol.

Step 2 Clean the memory module and adapter card. You can gently clean the dust on the surfaces of various adapter cards and memory chips with a brush first, and then blow it clean with a leather tiger. Wipe the front and back of all kinds of gold fingers with an eraser to remove dust, oil stain or oxide layer on them.

Step 3 clean the CPU cooling fan. Unscrew the fixing screws on the fan with a small Phillips screwdriver and remove the cooling fan. Gently wipe the blades and edges of the fan with a small brush, and then blow the dust clean with a balloon. Then wipe the dust on the heat sink with a brush or a wet cloth.

Tip: Some cooling fans are integrated with CPU, so there is no way to separate the fan from the heat sink. Only use a brush to brush off the dust in the fan blades and bearings, and then use a leather tiger to blow off the remaining dust.

Clean the power supply. Unscrew the screw on the power supply with a screwdriver, remove the power supply housing, remove the circuit board of the power supply part, separate the circuit board from the power supply housing, and then clean it with a leather tiger and a brush. Finally, unscrew the four screws behind the power supply, remove the fan from the power supply housing, and clean it with a brush.

Tip: If the power supply is still under warranty, it is recommended to clean the dust on the power supply surface and fan blades with a small brush. Because there is no power supply that has passed the warranty period, you will lose the warranty if you disassemble it casually.

Step 5 Clean the optical drive. Unfold the paper clip, insert it into the emergency pop-up hole on the front panel of the optical drive, open the tray of the optical drive with a little force, and gently wipe everything with the lens test paper. If the reading ability of the optical drive decreases, you can disassemble the optical drive, gently wipe off the dust on the lens surface with absorbent cotton or lens paper, and finally install the optical drive.

Note: Because there is a film on the lens surface, it must be wiped with a soft dry cloth when cleaning.

After all the cleaning work is completed, the next step is to restore these parts. But in order to make the computer run as before, in addition to cleaning the computer hardware, the system needs to be cleaned and maintained.

Computer maintenance-system maintenance

Usually, when you install or uninstall software or browse the web, you will leave many useless files in the system. Once these junk files accumulate too much, it will not only occupy a lot of hard disk space, but also reduce the performance of the system, and even lead to conflicts between useful programs in the system, so it is very important to clean up the system.

I. cclean Steps 1 Clean up the garbage in the recycling station. Some people think that deleting files will be all right. In fact, these so-called deleted file systems are all stored in the recycle bin first, which still takes up a lot of hard disk space. Right-click the recycle bin icon, and then press Empty Recycle Bin.

. Delete temporary files. Right-click IE shortcut, select Properties, and click Delete Cookies, Delete Files, Delete History in the General tab to clear the temporary files left on the Internet. Tip: After clicking the "Delete File" button, you must check "Delete All Offline Content" in the pop-up dialog box, so as to ensure that the online records are completely cleared. Step 3: Clear the file name from the document menu. Click Start → Settings → Taskbar and Start Menu to open the Taskbar Properties dialog box. Select the Start Menu Program tab in this dialog box, and then click the Clear button. Step 4 clear the program name in the run list. Run the "Regedit" command, open the Registry Editor, and then find "HKEY _ Current _ User/Software/Microsoft /Windows/ Current Version/Explorer /Runmru". The information in the run drop-down list is displayed on the right side of the registry. To delete an item, right-click the name and select Delete. Be careful not to delete the rows where Default and MRUList are located.

The fifth step is to clear the redundant fonts and temporary files in the system. Use the font icon program on the control panel to delete unwanted fonts. Delete all files in the Internet temporary files folder under the Windows directory to clear the temporary files. You can also right-click the Start button, select Search and enter *. Tmp "In the Name dialog box, set the drop-down list in the Search column to the whole hard disk, click Start Search, and finally delete all found tmp files.

Delete unused programs. Use Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel to clean up unused applications on your hard disk.

Note: Never delete the program file directory directly, because many programs will write information into Windows system files and registry when they are installed. Deleting program files directly will not only improve performance, but will further confuse hard disk data.

Tip: There are some specialized system maintenance software, such as Windows Optimizer, which can delete junk files and some records in the system through simple operation, which is very suitable for novice computer friends.

Second, comprehensively optimize the system. After cleaning up the system garbage, comprehensively optimizing the system can also improve the performance of the system to a certain extent.

1. Use system functions for optimization.

Here we take the most commonly used WinXP as an example to tell you how to use some simple settings of the system to optimize the system. Step 1 Right click My Computer → Properties.

Step 2 Select Hardware → Device Manager in the pop-up window to open the device manager window. Expand the IDE ATA/ATAPI controller, double-click the main IDE channel, select Advanced Settings, select all transfer modes as DMA (if available), and then click OK.

Step 3 Click Advanced, click Settings → Advanced → Change Performance, select a custom size, and set both the initial size and the maximum size to 2.5 times the physical memory, then click Settings and OK.

Step 4 In My Computer → Properties → Advanced, click Settings in Performance, select Adjust to Best Performance, and then click OK.

Tip: After this setting, the operating interface of WinXP will become similar to that of Win2000, but the speed will be faster than before. This method is suitable for users with low computer configuration.

Step 5 Check "Turn off system restore on all drives to save some hard disk space" in "My Computer" → Properties →→ System Restore, and check "No system restore" at the bottom.

2. Make overall optimization with the registry.

Click "Start" and "Run" and enter "regedti" to open the Registry Editor.

Step 1 reduced the shutdown step. Enter the Registry Editor, open HKEY _ Class _ Root shell, create a new primary key named Close, double-click the Default on the right side of the Close sub-window and enter "Shut down the computer" in the key value column. Under Close, establish the first-level sub-item Command, double-click Default on the right side of the sub-item window, and enter "user.exe of rundll32.exe to exit Windows" in the Key Value column. When you have finished typing, right-click "Start" and select "Turn off the computer" to turn off the computer.

Speed up the menu display. Open the "HKEY _ Current _ User Control Panel Desktop" sub-item, double-click "MenuShowDelay" in the right window, and enter a value between 0 and 100000 (in milliseconds) in the data box. Typically, this value is set between 20 and 400. The smaller the number, the faster the menu will be displayed. Users are advised not to set too low a value, but to set this value.

The third step is to automatically close the screen saver before sorting the disks. This method is only applicable to Win98. Open "HKEY _ Current _ User Software Microsoft Windows applets", create a new subitem Defrag, create a new subitem setting under it, and then create a new string value in the right window, named "DisableScreenSaver" and set its value to "YES".

Step 4 accelerates shutdown, only applicable to Win98. Open the "HKEY _ Local _ MAC-Hine System CurrentControlSetControlShutdown" sub-item, create a new "String Value" in the right window, and set the "Numerical Data" to 1. After modification, you can feel that the shutdown speed is obviously accelerated.

3. Display optimization settings

Step 1 Right-click the desktop, select Properties → Screen Saver, and set the screen saver time to 15 minutes.

Step 2 Right-click the desktop and select Properties → Screen Saver Power. In the power supply scheme, set "Turn off the monitor" for 30 minutes, and "Never" for "Turn off the hard disk", because turning off the hard disk and restarting it will do great harm to the magnetic head. Then remove the check before "Enable Hibernation" in "Hibernation" to save 100MB hard disk space and release some memory.

Step 3: Right-click the desktop, select Properties → Appearance, and set the Windows and buttons to the classic Windows style to speed up the menu.

Step 4 Right-click the desktop, select Properties → Settings → Advanced → Monitor, and set the refresh rate above 75Hz, so that you won't feel the flicker on the monitor.

Tip: It is not recommended to use extra refresh rate, because it is equivalent to overclocking display, which is more harmful than overclocking CPU. As long as the refresh rate of the display reaches 85Hz, it is enough, instead of deliberately pursuing a higher refresh rate, which will greatly reduce the life of the display.

4. Hard disk optimization

Step 1 Disk Defragmentation. Before defragmenting the disk, make sure to close all other applications and set the virtual memory size to a fixed value.

The second step is to clean the disk. After cleaning up the hard disk fragments, you can clean up some redundant files in the hard disk through the "Disk Cleanup" program to save some hard disk space.

Of course, if you don't know much about computers, you can use system optimization software such as Windwos Optimizer and Super Rabbit Magic Setup to optimize the system. You just need to run the optimization software and make a choice.

Troubleshooting article

After cleaning up the computer, sometimes the computer is not as obedient as everyone thinks, and sometimes there are some minor problems. The following are some common computer failures to help you eliminate them in time.

1. No response at startup.

Solution: First, make sure your power is turned on and all the wires are connected in place. In most cases, it is caused by forgetting to plug the power plug into the motherboard. As long as the power plug of the motherboard is connected to the motherboard, the problem can be solved.

2. Stay on the Windows screen for a long time after booting, and can't enter the system.

Solution: This situation is mostly caused by hard disk. Check whether the data cable and power cable of the hard disk are connected correctly. This will happen due to poor contact. Plug in the data cable and power cable of the hard disk again to ensure good contact to eliminate the problem.

3. After the system is started, the desktop can be displayed, but icons, menus, toolbars, etc. Can't be clearly displayed, or the resolution of the display can't be adjusted, and the image is rough.

Solution: It may be caused by the loss of the graphics card driver. You can reinstall the driver of the graphics card to solve the problem. 4. When the computer is turned on, the display screen is not bright, and everything else is normal.

Solution: Gently shake the signal line between the video card and the monitor. If the problem is solved, you need to reconnect the monitor and graphics card, and be sure to tighten the screws on the signal line.

5. After the network is connected, you can't use the Ping command to find another computer.

Solution: Generally speaking, either the network cable is blocked or the network card is not working properly. Generally, a network card will have two indicator lights, one is the power light and the other is the data signal indicator light. If the power light is not on, it means that there is a problem with the network card itself or the motherboard card slot, which can be solved after replacement; If the signal transmission light is not on, it is related to the interface or network cable, and it can be solved after checking one by one.

Some indicators of 6.6. The ADSL modem is turned off.

Solution: When the ADSL modem is connected to the power supply, the power indicator will light up. If the LED indicator goes out, please check whether the power supply is connected correctly.

7. There is no sound when playing TV programs with TV cards.

Solution: There are two situations. One possibility is that there is a conflict between the sound card and the TV card. Changing the PCI slot of the TV card can solve the problem until the conflict is resolved. Another possibility is that the audio input between the sound card and the TV card is not connected. Find the installation instructions of the TV card, and then connect the audio output interface of the TV card with the audio input interface of the sound card with the audio input cable attached to the TV card.

Finally finished, do you think computer maintenance is very troublesome? In fact, as long as you follow the steps mentioned above, it is no problem to restore your love machine to its original appearance. You certainly don't want to face a computer that is very slow, dusty and noisy. It is necessary to do such comprehensive maintenance on a regular basis in order to make the computer work better for itself. According to my own experience, hamburgers should be maintained once every three months.

This is the condensed version:

Computer maintenance is mainly based on my personal experience in using and selling computers:

1, the computer can be replaced within three days, and it can be replaced after fifteen days (these are all in the case of formal invoices and machine hardware quality problems).

2. Pre-installed operating system is of course the best. If it is not pre-installed, it is recommended to install a pure version of the operating system. Install drivers and common software, and use tools such as ghost to back up the system, so as to replace the system in the future.

3. After the system is completed, download at least one antivirus software (360, Kingsoft Internet Security and Red Umbrella are generally acceptable).

4. The installation of programs and software should be divided into regions, and separate folders should be established to reduce disk space and facilitate searching (note that the files on disk C will be lost when reinstalling the operating system, and it is recommended to back up important files).

5. The laptop battery does not need deliberate area protection. Some people say that you must run out of power before charging and remove the battery when using DC. In fact, this is a misunderstanding and can be used normally.

6. buy an external keyboard, because the keyboard that comes with the notebook itself is not very easy to use.

7. Clean the dust on the notebook regularly. Under normal circumstances, the new machine is cleaned once a year, and the old machine is cleaned once every six months (the cost is around 50 yuan).

8, the weather is hot, playing games, long-term use suggests buying a cooling base.

It is certain to take good care of your laptop, but you should know that computers are used for daily office and entertainment. So being handy is the most important thing.