What is the difference between the style of writing mountains and rivers by people with small bridges and flowing water and the thin horse with ancient west wind?

Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si is known as "the father of Qiu Si" and "one in a million". This poem, which is well known to women and children, has only 28 words: "Old vines are faint, bridges are flowing, old roads are thin and horses are thin, the sun is setting, and heartbroken people are at the end of the world." In a short space, Ma Zhiyuan described the melancholy of a passer-by, and his artistic conception was bleak. It's late autumn evening, the vines are dead, the trees are old, and the west wind is blowing. Tao is an ancient road, and horses are thin horses. How can a wandering wanderer keep his intestines in the face of such a bleak scenery? Look at the small bridge flowing water, people are so peaceful, so quiet and so warm, but their hometown and relatives are so far away. The weather is getting cold, and everything at home is worrying. You can be a wanderer, but you have to ride a tired thin horse and wander around the world. In this case, why not let people feel deeply grieved!

Where does the artistic conception of Ma Zhiyuan's Late Autumn come from? In recent years, the dispute between Beijing and Hebei about Ma Zhiyuan's hometown has made us appreciate the unique scenery of Jiuyuan Village, Wang Ping Town, Mentougou District, Beijing. The scenery in the village is quite similar to the artistic conception of Tianjingsha Qiu Si described by Ma Zhiyuan, and there is an ancient Jingxi road behind the village. According to experts' analysis, Jiuyuan Village, Ma Zhiyuan's hometown, is just a legend without historical data. Ma Zhiyuan probably lived here and wrote Tianjingsha Qiu Si. In Macitang Village, Dongguang County, Hebei Province, Ma Zhiyuan's genealogy and historical records show that Ma Zhiyuan should be from Dongguang.

It is reported that Ma Zhiyuan pursued fame and fortune near Kyoto in his early years, but failed to find a way out. Later, during Yuan Dade's reign, he became a provincial official in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, and often sang in Hangzhou with Sanqu writer Lu Zhi (Shu Zhai). When Ma Zhiyuan wrote Tianjingsha Qiu Si, it should be in Jiuyuan Village, Beijing, but he was not proud of his career pursuit. In the face of autumn scenery, he touched the scene and expressed his story of unremitting pursuit of fame but nothing with clever image thinking-euphemistically and incisively expressed with Qiu Si's poems. Wang Guowei commented on "The Thorn on Earth": A few words are wonderful.

The bleak autumn scenery will naturally make Ma Zhiyuan, which lives in the land of both capital city and has no ambition, lonely everywhere. In addition, it will also compare the peaceful and warm bridges and flowing water in the village, deepen his sadness and make his sadness more biting. The hardships of trudging on the road and seeking fame have made future generations feel that it is difficult to sing. In "Tianjingsha Qiu Si", withered, old, faint, ancient and thin come in order, and every word is sad; The most wonderful thing is the word "thin" of the thin horse, which describes the emaciation of the horse. The hardships of people are self-evident, but they are wonderful in silence.

The poem says, "The beast of Qi is touching, so it shakes its temperament and dances." Ma Zhiyuan's Tianjingsha Qiu Si, withered vines, old trees, faint cries, ancient roads, westerly winds, thin horses, sunset, heartbroken people at the end of the world and so on are just single images, and the sad color of the whole poem is produced by the whole image group composed of these single images. It is the author's ingenious construction of a group of subjective images that everyone can perceive, which provides a distant and mellow artistic conception to convey feelings and casts a unique style of modesty and sophistication. As a result, there are feelings in the scenery, scenes in the feelings, wonderful scenes, and vivid puzzles, creating a shocking and cool autumn scenery and becoming a well-known masterpiece.