What are the climatic characteristics of Tibet?

In addition to the general trend of cold and dry northwest and warm and humid southeast, Tibet has a variety of regional climates and obvious vertical climatic zones. Due to the peculiar and diverse topography, high-altitude air environment and weather system in Tibet Plateau, a complex and diverse unique climate has been formed.

Judging from the temperature difference, the characteristics of small annual temperature difference and large daily temperature difference in Tibet are particularly obvious. The annual temperature difference between Lhasa, Qamdo and Shigatse is 18-20 degrees Celsius, while Wuhan and Nanjing with similar latitudes are 26 degrees Celsius. The annual average daily range of Lhasa, Qamdo and Shigatse is 14- 16 degrees Celsius, while that of Chengdu, Changsha and Nanchang is only 7 degrees Celsius.

The diurnal range of heliostats is 18.2 degrees Celsius, which is about 2.5 times that of Nanjing at the same latitude. In places above 5000 meters above sea level in Ali area, the daytime temperature can reach 10 degrees Celsius in summer and August, and the nighttime temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius. Lhasa and Shigatse, located in the Yarlung Zangbo River basin, have the highest temperature of 27-29 degrees Celsius at noon in June, giving people the feeling of midsummer. The temperature drops in the evening and the air is crisp in autumn; At midnight, the temperature drops to 5 degrees Celsius, and the quilt should be covered all night; After sunrise in Rosty Yi, the temperature rises, giving people a feeling of spring. It's really "cold clothes are prepared all year round".

Tibet's small annual temperature difference and large daily temperature difference are favorable climatic conditions. There is little change throughout the year, and the temperature in winter will not be too low. At a certain height, overwintering crops can overwinter smoothly, and crops such as winter wheat and highland barley can be planted in a large area. The diurnal range is large, and the daytime temperature is high, which is beneficial to plant photosynthesis; Low temperature at night can reduce the respiratory loss of plants and is beneficial to the accumulation of plant nutrients.