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Florida is the southernmost state in the United States. Including the Florida Peninsula, the narrow strip near the Gulf of Mexico in the northwest and coral reefs on the south coast. Don't call it the sunshine state. Area152,000 km2. The population is 13003400 (1990). The urban population accounts for about 84.3%. Tallahassee, the capital.

Coastline1350km (8,200km in the Gulf Coast and 5,300km in the Atlantic Coast), ranking second in the United States after Alaska. The terrain is low and flat, and most areas belong to the coastal plains of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, with an average elevation of less than 35 meters. The highest point is located in Walton County in the northwest, only105m. Karst landform is developed and there are many dissolved lakes. Subtropical humid climate, the average monthly temperature is 1.5℃, the average July temperature is 27℃, and the average annual precipitation is 1000 ~ 1500mm. The forest coverage rate is 67%.

It was originally a settlement of Indians. 15 13, the Spanish came here, 1565, and the first permanent white settlement in the United States was established near St. Augustine. /kloc-Before the 0/9th century, it was occupied by Spain, France and Britain. 18 19 belongs to the United States. /kloc-joined the Federation in 0/845, becoming the 27th state in the United States. In the early days, agricultural activities were the main activities. 1880 railway access, rapid economic development. After the 20th century, tourism and manufacturing industry leapt to the leading position in the economy.

Tourism, manufacturing and agriculture are the three pillars of the economy. Tourism is the first pillar of the economy. Miami, which is close to the Atlantic coast, is called the Gold Coast. It has luxurious beaches and numerous hotels, and is a gathering place for tourists. Disneyland near Orlando is the largest modern amusement park in the world. The largest sector in the manufacturing industry is food processing, followed by electronics, instruments, wood processing, chemistry, paper making and metal products. Manufacturing centers include Jacksonville, Orlando and Miami. The mining industry is dominated by phosphate mining, accounting for 75% of the country's annual output. In addition, there are titanium, iron, petroleum, peat, limestone and other mining sectors. Agriculture is mainly based on planting, and it is one of the major orchards and horticultural states. Citrus production accounts for 75% of the country, vegetable production is second only to California, and sugarcane production is the first in all States. Animal husbandry is famous for raising thoroughbred horses. Coastal and inland fisheries are developed, with more than 700 species of fish and shellfish. The main forest products are pine, cypress and rosin.

Land, sea and air transportation are developed, and the key West Sea Cross-sea Highway is 250 kilometers long, which is the longest cross-sea highway in the world. Jacksonville is the railway transportation center of the state. Miami International Airport is known as the aviation hub of the United States. There are many deep-water ports along the Gulf of Mexico in the west, which is a strategic place for the United States to lead to Central and South America. The state has federal naval and air bases and naval training centers. Cape Canaveral (also known as Cape Kennedy) on the Atlantic coast is the launch center of NASA and the only spaceport in the world that landed on the moon, where the first spacecraft was launched. There are many famous institutions of higher learning.

Geographical environment:

Florida covers an area of 14098 square kilometers. Generally speaking, South Florida is flat, while the terrain in central and northern Florida fluctuates greatly. Florida can be divided into six natural areas: including the whole coast and coastal lowlands of Florida's Grand Keys, the western highlands in the northwest narrow area of Florida, the Mariana lowlands in the north-central narrow area, the Tallahassee hills in the east of the narrow area, the central highlands occupying the whole central part of Florida Peninsula, and the swamp areas of Grand Prius and Everglades distributed throughout the south of Florida. Florida's coastline along the Atlantic Ocean is 933 kilometers long, and the coastline along the Gulf of Mexico is 1239 kilometers long. There are thirty-four major rivers in Florida, including the St. John River, the Chekhova River and the Suwani River in Apara. The capital of Florida is Tallahassee. The most populous cities in this state are Jacksonville, Miami, Tampa, St. Petersburg, Heigary and Orlando. The population of Florida is about thirteen million.

Climate:

Summer in Florida is long, warm and humid. Winter is usually mild except for the occasional cold air and cold air from the north. Due to the warm current in the Gulf of Mexico and the prevailing south wind, the southeast coast and the Florida keys are very warm in winter. In northern Florida, the average temperature is 12 degrees Celsius in January and 28 degrees Celsius in July. In southern Florida, the average temperature is nineteen degrees in January and twenty-eight degrees in July. The average annual precipitation in Florida is between 128 and 166 cm. Hurricanes are quite rare, and the most common month is from June to 10.

Population:

In the 2007 census, there were 65,438+07,065,438+09,068 people in Florida. These include:

65.4% are white

14.6% is African-American.

16.8% Hispanic

1.7% are Asian Americans.

0.3% are indigenous Indians.

2.4% mixed-race children

Among the ancestors of Florida residents, African-Americans are the most (14.6%), followed by Germans (1 1.8%), Irish (10.3%), British (9.2%) and Americans (/kloc).

Religiously, there are many Protestants (Protestants) in Florida, but with the addition of Hispanic immigrants, the proportion of Roman Catholicism is gradually increasing. The following is the belief ratio of Florida population.

60% Protestants

23% Roman Catholics

2% other Christians of other Christian denominations

4% of other religions (mainly Jews)

8% are not religious

Among the Protestants in Florida, the proportion of various denominations is different, among which Baptist Church is the highest (22%), Methodist Church is the second (8%) and Presbyterian Church is the second (4%).

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