The Natural Resources of Fukang

Up to 20 12, there are hundreds of mineral resources in fukang city, among which coal, oil, natural gas and limestone are the most abundant. It is predicted that the coal reserves are 654.38+0 billion tons (including 70% high-quality coking coal and 30% thermal coal), 654.38+0.5 billion tons of oil, 654.38+0.5 billion cubic meters of natural gas and 2.5 billion cubic meters of limestone. Rich in water resources, the available water resources reach 500 million cubic meters. limestone

The regional strata are located in the Bogda piedmont fold belt in Fukang sag, which runs through the whole area. The limestone mine is located in the middle and upper reaches of the Baiyang River in Ganhezi, with a length of about 50 kilometers and an altitude of 20 15 meters to 3500 meters. According to the regional geological survey report of Xinjiang Geological Ninth Brigade, the basic reserves of limestone in the city are 92125,000 tons, which are mainly used in building materials industry and electrolytic stone.

coal

There are abundant coal resources in the foothills of the southern margin of Junggar Basin in fukang city. The coalfield is 53 kilometers long from east to west, 5 kilometers wide from north to south and covers an area of 280 square kilometers. The main varieties are coking coal, gas coal, gas fat coal, long flame coal, non-stick coal, burning coal and so on. According to the geological report 1995 submitted by the ninth brigade of Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources in July, the prospective coal reserves of Fukang are 6.29 billion tons, ranking first among all counties and cities in Xinjiang. The coal quality is good, with the characteristics of low ash, low sulfur, low phosphorus, high calorific value and high tar yield. It is mainly used for industrial, civil and coking coal blending.

Oil and gas

According to geological exploration data and oil generation theory. In the exploration area of 30,000 square kilometers in eastern Junggar, there are 654.38+0.5 billion tons of prospective oil resources, 654.38+0.5 billion cubic meters of prospective natural gas resources and 654.38+0.2 billion tons of proven petroleum geological reserves. Cainan Oilfield is the first modern comprehensive desert oilfield in China, with a cumulative production of crude oil 1.052438+0.5 million tons and an annual production capacity of more than 2.2 million tons.

shale

The regional strata are distributed in the low hills and ridges at the northern foot of Bogda Mountain, with a length of about 50 kilometers and an altitude of 1.480 m to 930 m.. The preliminary proved mining area is 1.500 square kilometers, which is mainly used in building materials industry, such as cement batching and ceramsite production.

Ceramic soil

The regional strata are distributed in the hilly area at the northern foot of Bogda Mountain, east of Baiyang River, with an altitude of1.850m to1.200m.. It is preliminarily proved that the mining area is 2 square kilometers, which is mainly used in building materials industry, such as refractory bricks and ceramic products. Up to 20 12, there are many kinds of wild plants in fukang city, with great differences. Due to different altitudes, different plant communities are formed in different landform areas, mainly including alpine ice sheet vegetation, humid mountain forest vegetation and arid desert vegetation. The plant species in Zhongshan forest belt are the most abundant, decreasing gradually from south to north, with the least snow and desert, showing obvious vertical characteristics. The main plants belong to 90 families, 22 genera and more than 200 species, which are divided into 8 flora from south to north. They are glacier snow belt, alpine sedge meadow belt, subalpine grassland meadow belt, Zhongshan forest belt, low mountain arid grassland belt, wormwood semi-desert belt, salsola semi-shrub desert belt and alluvial plain sandy desert belt. The plant resources with medicinal value mainly include Fritillaria, Angelica sinensis, Codonopsis pilosula, Dayun, rhubarb, Saussurea involucrata, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Bupleurum and so on.

There are 775,000 hectares of natural grassland in fukang city, accounting for 89.8% of the total land area. The available grassland is 546,000 hectares, accounting for 74.6% of the total grassland area. Excellent grassland accounts for 12.2%, medium grassland accounts for 5.7%, and inferior grassland accounts for 82. 1%. From mountain to desert, it can be divided into eight grassland types: alpine and subalpine grassland belt, forest grassland belt, mountain arid grassland belt, semi-desert grassland belt, desert grassland belt and desert grassland belt. There are more than 300 kinds of grassland vegetation. Among the available grasslands, it is 6.5438+0.46 million hectares in spring and autumn, accounting for 26.7%; Summer grassland is 3 1000 hectares, accounting for 5.7%, and winter grassland is 330,000 hectares, accounting for 60.6%; Four Seasons Grassland covers 38,000 hectares, accounting for 7%.

Grassland in spring and autumn belongs to middle and low grassland, with an annual output of 65.438+0.4 billion kilograms of fresh grass. Generally, 68 million Jin of fresh grass can be used. According to the calculation of grazing for 654.38+0.50 days, it can carry 90,000 animals.

Summer grassland belongs to the dominant grassland, with an annual output of 65.438+0.4 billion kilograms of fresh grass, of which 86.6 million kilograms can be used. According to the calculation of grazing for 70 days, it can carry 260 thousand livestock.

Winter grassland can be divided into mountain winter grassland, plain winter grassland and dune winter grassland. Among them, there are 53,000 hectares of mountain grassland, which is an excellent grassland, with an annual output of 654.38+billion kilograms of fresh grass, which can be used for 48 million kilograms, and can carry 60,000 animals if grazing for 654.38+060 days. There are 50,000 hectares of grassland in winter in the plain, which belongs to good and medium grassland. The annual output of fresh grass is 60 million kilograms, and 27 million kilograms can be used. According to grazing 120 days, it can carry 40,000 livestock. There are 230,000 hectares of winter grassland in the dune area. Because there is no drinking water, it is only used in the snow period, which is an inferior grassland. The annual output of fresh grass is 65.438+0.4 billion kilograms, and 6 million kilograms can be used. According to grazing 120 days, it can carry 50 thousand livestock.

Four-season grassland is distributed in uncultivated land in agricultural areas, with an annual output of 63510.4 million kg of fresh grass, which can supply 37.9 million kg, and can generally carry 70,000 animals.

Fukang city has a forest resource area of 53,000 hectares, including mountain forest10.4 million hectares, plain plantation10.5 million hectares and desert shrub 37,000 hectares. The comprehensive forest coverage rate of the whole city is 6. 1%.

Mountain forests are mainly distributed in mountain areas with an altitude of1700 ~ 2,800 meters, and forests grow best on hillsides with an altitude of1800 ~ 2,500 meters. The dominant tree species is spruce, but there are also a few larch, poplar, birch, sorbus and shrubs. Plain forests are distributed in the vast alluvial plains under various river gullies, mainly planted, including farmland shelterbelts, economic forests and surrounding forests. Desert shrubbery is mainly distributed in the eastern and western Gobi desert, semi-desert area at the front of desert and northern desert area. Among them, the area of desert shrubs distributed in the Gobi desert in the east and west of the city is 1 10000 hectares, and the coverage rate above 0.3 is 0.75 million hectares, mainly Sapachai, Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix chinensis shrubs. Located in the semi-desert area at the front of the desert in the east of Fubei Farm and south of Tang Chao Road, it covers an area of 69,000 hectares, with a coverage rate of over 0.310.5 million hectares, and is mainly Haloxylon ammodendron shrub. It is distributed in the desert area in the north of Tang Chao Road, with an area of167,000 hectares and a coverage of more than 0.3145,000 hectares, mainly Haloxylon ammodendron shrubs. According to the investigation and evaluation of surface water resources in fukang city by Changji Prefecture Hydrological Resources Bureau, the average controllable runoff of fukang city for many years is 2.0 17× 108 cubic meters, and the surface water resources are 2.5 10× 108 cubic meters.

According to the changji city Institute of Water Conservancy Science and Technology's Report on the Development and Utilization of Groundwater Resources in fukang city, Xinjiang, the amount of groundwater resources is 0.35× 108 cubic meters.

The total water resources in Fukang area is 2.510+0.35 = 2.86 (108 cubic meter).

surface water

There are seven rivers in fukang city, from west to east: Shuimo River, Sangong River, Sigong River, Ganhezi River, Baiyang River, Xigou River and Huangshan River, all of which originate from the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain in the city. The water source mainly depends on the melting of alpine glaciers and snow and the supply of atmospheric precipitation.

(1) Shuimo River: Shuimo River originates from Turpatnattag Mountain in the East Tianshan Mountains and is the boundary river between Miquan City and fukang city. The drainage area is 14 19 square kilometers, the drainage area above the mountain pass is 2 19 square kilometers, and the river is 40 kilometers long, which is mainly composed of melting water of snow and ice, precipitation and groundwater recharge along the way, with an average annual runoff of 0.2 120× 108 cubic meters. There is a Hongshan River Reservoir in Lipstick Shawan, Hongshan. Irrigation reserves are: Shuimogou Township and Chengguan Town.

(2) Sangong River: Sangong River originates from Fushou Mountain in the northwest of Bogda Peak in Tianshan Mountain, with a drainage area of 503 square kilometers and a total length of 48 kilometers. The basin above the mountain pass covers an area of 295 square kilometers and the river is 36 kilometers long. It is mainly composed of melting water of ice and snow, precipitation and groundwater recharge along the way. After being regulated by Tianchi Lake, Sangong River enters the downstream irrigation area with an average annual runoff of 0.5030× 108 cubic meter. Irrigation protection areas are: Jiuyunjie Town, Sangonghe Township and Chengguan Town.

(3) Sigong River: Sigong River originates from the glaciers on both sides of Bogda Peak, with a drainage area of 874 square kilometers and a total length of 40 kilometers. The drainage area above Yamaguchi is 1, 3 1 square kilometer, and the river is 35 kilometers long. It is mainly composed of melting ice and snow and groundwater recharge along the way, with an average annual runoff of 0.2487× 65,438+008 cubic meters; Irrigation protection areas are: Jiuyunjie Town and Sangonghe Township.

(4) Ganhezi River: Ganhezi River originates from Bogda Aola Mountain, with a drainage area of 1 176 square kilometers and a total length of 70 kilometers. The drainage area above Shankou is 209 square kilometers and the river length is 32 kilometers. Rivers are mainly replenished by melting ice and snow, and the average annual runoff is 0.2665,438+06× 65,438+008 cubic meters. Irrigation protection areas are: Ganhezi Town and Shanghugou Township.

(5) Baiyang River: Baiyang River is the largest river in fukang city, which originates from the Kukekuli Glacier in the northeast of Bogda Peak in Tianshan Mountain and consists of two tributaries, east and west. The drainage area is 1.272 square kilometers, with a total length of 60 kilometers. It is a typical ice and snow supply river. There is a local saying that it is hot in sunny days and cold in the main ditch on cloudy days, with an average annual runoff of 0.6409× 1.08 cubic meters. Irrigation reserves include: Zini Quanzi Town and Shanghugou Township.

(6) Xigou River: Originated from Geenshiksudara Glacier in Bogda Mountain, Tianshan Mountain, with a drainage area of 2 square kilometers, a river length of 30 kilometers and little water. 14 years, the measured annual average runoff is 0.0 150× 108 cubic meters; Irrigation reserves include: Zini Quanzi Town and Shanghugou Township.

(7) Huangshan River: It originates from the glacier on the west side of Bayida Mountain in Bogda Mountain, Tianshan Mountain. The basin above the mountain pass covers an area of 88 square kilometers, with a total length of 30 kilometers. It is mainly replenished by melting ice and snow and precipitation, with an average annual runoff of 0.04 17× 108 cubic meters; Irrigation reserves include: Zini Quanzi Town and Shanghugou Township.

underground water

Fukang area spans two different tectonic units, namely, mountainous area and Pingyuan area. Because of the obvious natural zoning, the groundwater in Fukang area is distributed in strips from south to north.

The mountain area above 3000 meters above sea level is covered with ice and snow all the year round, and the rock cracks in this area are developed, and the melting water of ice and snow directly penetrates downward through the cracks in bedrock to replenish groundwater.

The elevation of Zhongshan belt is 1800-3000m, and there is abundant atmospheric precipitation, which is replenished by alpine meltwater, and often forms a groundwater enrichment zone, which is mostly discharged by spring water.

The hilly area at an altitude of 800- 1800 meters has a dry climate, and groundwater is mainly replenished by river water leakage. Thick sand pebbles are accumulated in mountain basins and river beds, which is a good condition for groundwater occurrence, but the water volume is generally small and the buried depth is more than 50 meters.

600-800 meters above sea level is a fine soil plain area, which forms a large-scale confined gravity slope from the edge of alluvial fan to the edge of desert, and is rich in pore water and confined water.