Comment on Cao Cao in Romance of the Three Kingdoms

The History of the Three Kingdoms (Volume I) and the Ji of Emperor Wudi quoted that Cao Cao was "elegant and frugal, not gorgeous, and the harem was not beautifully dressed, and the royal shoes were not needed, and the screen was covered. If it is broken, it will be made up, not decorated by fate. " Cao Cao is thrifty by nature and advocates simplicity. He doesn't like to use colorful quilts, but he wants to keep warm from the cold. The curtain is broken, mend it and continue to use it. It's not luxurious at all Cao Cao's family doesn't wear embroidered clothes, and those who serve the royal family don't wear two-color shoes. They all maintain a simple style. Of course, Cao Cao did this not because he was stingy, let alone because he was poor. Cao Cao once held military and political power, "sealing four counties and eating 30 thousand households", and "poverty" has nothing to do with him. As an outstanding strategist, Cao Cao is generous and measured. According to historical records, every time Cao Cao captured the ideal city, the captured spoils were given to the ministers who made contributions. The so-called "contribution must be rewarded, and money must be saved." He also took out gifts from others and shared them with his family. Although these measures won the hearts of the people, they also truly reflected Cao Cao's disdain for money and wealth. This is also the extraordinary place of Cao Cao. There is an old saying: "If a husband thinks carefully, he will not act rashly, but a deacon will flow." Only by morally restraining one's material desires and strengthening self-discipline can one not let one's mind wander back and forth. Cao Cao, as a strategist with a strategic mind and such a broad mind, and such an outstanding figure, how can his career be unsuccessful! For various reasons, Cao Cao failed to realize his long-cherished wish of reunifying China, but he also eliminated heroes and basically unified the North. Cao Cao cultivated his native land before his death, and he also handled the funeral after his death very frugally. The History of the Three Kingdoms contains Cao Cao's last words: "The world is undecided and has not been continued since ancient times. They were all taken away after the funeral. Those who send troops to the chariot shall not leave the chariot department. " Every department does its job, and it is timely, and there is nothing hidden. "Cao Cao also arranged for his shroud to have only four baskets. Cao Cao, who unified half of the country, was buried so frugally, even after a thousand years, it was still exciting! Ancient emperors and generals always spent a lot of manpower and material resources to build tombs to show "thick burial to show filial piety" From wooden tombs before the Western Zhou Dynasty to masonry tombs in the Eastern Han Dynasty, tombs have developed into large-scale and well-structured underground palaces. In his last words, Cao Cao said that his funeral was "unconventional", that is, he advocated not following the custom. Although there are no treasures in Cao Cao's tomb, his funeral is also a prominent example in the history of general's funeral.

Maybe some people think that Cao Cao advocates frugality, so what is the evidence? The reason for Cao Cao's crusade against Yuan Shu can also be found in Let Counties Know Their Stories. Cao Cao's excuse for attacking Yuan Shu was that Yuan Shu "made all the clothes and quilts by the emperor" and "usurped Jiujiang." After the demise of Yuan Shu, Cao Cao used heavy troops, and Cao Cao "didn't believe in destiny", so some people suspected that Cao Cao would use his troops to rebel and usurp the supreme position. In order to dispel doubts, Cao Cao should take Yuan Shu as a warning and be frugal outside, which is not his nature. In fact, this conclusion is untenable. We can not only clearly see Cao Cao's disdain for money from his rewards and punishments to his subordinates, but also express in his will that the reason for his frugal burial is that "the world is not yet stable" and the people are poor. His subordinates should carry out their duties, continue to develop production and realize the long-cherished wish of reunifying China. From here, we can also realize Cao Cao's strong sense of worrying about the country. Historians praised Cao Cao as "an extraordinary man and a peerless hero", which is no exaggeration!

The reason why Cao Cao is a traitor with a face painted in people's minds is that The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the first curse. In order to flaunt "great unification", Luo Guanzhong did not hesitate to distort historical facts and demoted Cao Yang and Liu to replace them. Of course, this is also a reflection of the feudal consciousness of the broad masses of the people in the feudal era. If Cao Cao and Luo Guanzhong can live together in the contemporary era, and Cao Cao complains to Luo Guanzhong on the grounds of "infringement of reputation", then he will certainly win the lawsuit. A brief comparison between Cao Cao and Liu Bei (see Cao Gong's greatness and Liu Bei's hypocrisy)

Cao Cao and Liu Bei are two controversial figures in history. Just wait for me now and have a chat.

1. People all over the world want to condemn Cao Cao as a traitor, except Lv Boshe.

"Shiyu" said: Taizu was arrogant and extravagant, and the fifth son was present to prepare for the ceremony. Mao killed eight people with his sword in the night.

Sun Sheng's Miscellaneous Notes said: Mao heard the sound of his eating utensils, thinking that he wanted to save himself, so he killed him at night. Then he said sadly, "I'd rather be negative than negative!" " Go ahead.

It is not difficult to see that all this stems from a misunderstanding. Imagine that in that war-torn era, after those thrilling things, no one could keep a cool head. These are all out of an instinct to survive. If you don't kill people, you will be killed. How would you react if you were in that situation?

In addition, some people say that Chen Gong left Cao Cao because of the Lv Boshe incident, which is untrue. Shiyu said: After Dai's death, Chen Gong called Mao: "The country has no owner now, and the king's life is cut off. Please say that the Palace is in the state, and the Ming government is looking for Mu Zhi, so that it can take over the world. This is also a matter for the overlord. " At this point, the distance ChuPing has been three years. It's been six years since the Lv Boshe incident happened in Zhong Ping, and a long time has passed.

Where's our Liu Huangshu? There is no such truth as Cao Cao, wearing a false mask until his death. Let Xuzhou's beautiful talk, naturally, be a play for everyone to see, for the world to see: "For a good boy of yours, you hurt a general of mine!" " It is really unfair to buy Zhao Yun's heart by this means. When Bai Di entrusted an orphan, he made progress by retreating. Alas, he didn't forget to play tricks when he died. It's a pity that Zhuge Liang has been played by Liu Bei. You also lamented the wise Lord of SHEN WOO you met. In order to prevent Lu Bu from being used by Cao Cao, Liu Bei also played a despicable means. Liu Bei said, "The public is a guest and the cloth is a prisoner. Why not say a word and forgive each other? " ? Xuande nodded. Cao Cao recalled Liu Bei and said, "What? Liu Bei replied, "If you can't see Ding Jianyang, what about Dong Zhuo?"? Liu Bei said, "You are the most faithless." . (Lyu3 bu4 thought he had found a life-saving straw, but unexpectedly it was Yamaraja, a death warrant).

2. "If there were no loneliness, how many people in the world would be proclaimed emperor? How many people are kings? "

Everyone is saying that Cao Cao is a big traitor, but it's a pity that he never proclaimed himself in his life. On the contrary, he has been trying to maintain the Han royal family. Restrain strongmen and strengthen centralization.

In AD 190, Cao Cao and 100,000 troops from all walks of life who fought against Dong Zhuo gathered in Zizyphus jujuba near Chenliu (now southwest of Henan Province) to form a coalition, and they elected Yuan Shao as their leader. However, the allied forces fighting Dong Zhuo near Zizyphus jujuba looked at each other and held their horses. I'm not enthusiastic at all. Even the leader Yuan Shao doesn't want to move. Who wants to do it first? Cao Cao was very angry when he saw that they only wanted to save their strength and didn't want to hit Dong Zhuo. He decided to invade Gaoping (now Sishui Town, Xingyang, Henan Province) alone with an army of 5,000 men. There is nothing to do after failure.

When Cao Cao was twenty years old, he became a lieutenant in the north of Luoyang. As soon as he took office, he asked craftsmen to make more than twenty colorful sticks and hang them around the yamen. He made a ban, and anyone who violated the ban, whether it was a big house, would be beaten with a big stick. At that time, there was an uncle in the sword who was a famous bully. Relying on the power of Jian Shuo, he ran amok in Luoyang and no one dared to provoke him. On one occasion, he made trouble with a knife at night, violating Cao Cao's ban. No matter how old he was, Cao Cao arrested him and beat him with a five-color stick. Can't stand it, died on the spot. This incident caused a sensation throughout Luoyang. Everyone praised Cao Cao for his fearless power and strict law enforcement. The eunuch hated and feared him. Later, he was transferred from Luoyang to be a county magistrate. It stands to reason that Cao Cao was born into a eunuch family, but as a result, he betrayed that decadent camp and showed his progress, longing for light, fairness and strictness.

As for "big loyal minister" Liu Bei? Before Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty was abolished, he peeped at Dabao. Two sons. One is Liu Feng, and the other is Liu Chan. Zen is full of him!

As soon as Hanzhong was stolen, those who were after fame and fortune began to stir. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" said: Therefore, all generals have the heart to recommend Xuande as emperor; (For your own benefit! ) I dare not do it, (the long-eared thief has long been anxious! Why don't you come and talk? Kong Ming said, "My mind is made up." Then he led them to Liu Bei and said, "Now Cao Cao is in power, and the people have no owner; The master's benevolence and righteousness are in the world, and now he has touched the land of the two rivers, so he can be a Tianshun emperor and be justified. In order to get rid of the national thief. Please choose your luck before it's too late. " ..... Liu Bei, a crafty old scoundrel, certainly knew that if he usurped the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, he would be reprimanded by the whole world. How can a person who has always been good at buying people's hearts go to the public enemy today? I repeatedly refused to be the king of Hanzhong. Kong Ming said, "It's not too late for your master to change the situation, be the king of Hanzhong first, and then show the son of heaven." (ignoring the existence of the son of heaven! ) As soon as he became the king of Hanzhong, he repaired his watch and sent someone to Xudu. The act of acting before acting is just a little kindness to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty.

3. Self-reliant people and "six-surname domestic slaves"

Cao Cao had a rough life. At the beginning, there were few soldiers. The Tale of Wei Wu said: There were thousands of people in Bianshui, Angelababy (when Dong Zhuo was ambushed by Xu Rong), and then they went to Yangzhou to raise money, but they could not recover more than 3,000 people (unfortunately, when they arrived in Longkang, more than 500 people rebelled and did not rebel). This is also limited.

It is so difficult and dangerous that people sigh. Remember it. But when Zhang Miao and Chen Gong rebelled against Lyu3 bu4, all counties responded. Cheng Yubao stuck to Juancheng (now Juancheng, Shandong Province), Fan and Dong 'a counties. "So salt makes people say MAO, and even. Mao lost Yanzhou, and when the army ran out of food, he had to make it. Cheng Yu stopped the hair and the hair followed. "

No matter how difficult it was, Cao Cao never gave up his pursuit.

Liu Bei also called Lu a "three-surname domestic slave", but he didn't want to think about it, thinking that he was a bully who was afraid of bullies and specialized in making big money. What's his last name? He took refuge in Gongsun Zan first, and Gongsun Zan was the first name; Later, Cao Cao levied Xuzhou, and Xuzhou Pastoral sent Gongsun Zan's Tian Ji to rescue him. Both Kai and Liu Bei went to save him. Tao Qian gave him 4,000 Danyang soldiers. If he has milk, he is his mother. Liu Bei went to open expensive money, which is the second surname; Later, he was defeated by Lu Bu, a rogue who was more ruthless than him. In desperation, he had to take refuge in the third surname Cao Cao. Because I was cooking wine when I was a child, I was afraid of an accident, so I had the cheek to find my former enemy, Yuan Shao. This is the fourth surname. The battle of Guandu saw that Yuan Shao's general trend had gone, and Guan Yu also returned from exile, so he found his next family, Liu Biao, and was eager to try. This is the fifth surname; After Battle of Red Cliffs, he became famous and was invited by Liu Zhang. As a result, he took a fancy to this land in Sichuan and bullied Liu Zhang for being weak. Even my relatives' turf was spared, and finally they stole the show and got the right result. This is the sixth surname. Liu Bei, a slave with six surnames, is unique in the troubled times of the Three Kingdoms. I think when Lu Bu met Liu Bei, he should also say, "My admiration for you is like a surging river. Like the Yellow River flooding. Out of control; It's like a constant stream of traffic coming and going outside the window.