(1) What are the practical urgency of building an ecological civilization in Socialism with Chinese characteristics? Where should we start? Integrate personal understanding and opinions

Facing the severe situation of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation in China, we must stand on the height of the all-round development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, enhance the awareness of ecological crisis, and fully understand the importance, necessity and urgency of ecological civilization construction.

(1) Ecological civilization is an advanced form of human social civilization.

Human social civilization has experienced primitive civilization, agricultural civilization and industrial civilization. Judging from the relationship between man and nature, primitive civilization is a stage in which human beings completely passively accept nature, which lasted for millions of years and did no harm to nature; Agricultural civilization is the stage when human beings began to explore and initially develop nature, which lasted for thousands of years and caused some damage to nature. However, due to the minor damage, nature can repair itself in most cases. Industrial civilization is the stage of human society's conquest and transformation of nature, which has lasted for hundreds of years and brought harm, destruction and destruction to nature, and many aspects have been difficult to repair.

Ecological civilization is the product of the development of industrial civilization to a certain stage, a new civilized realm beyond industrial civilization, a civilized form gradually formed and actively promoted on the basis of profound reflection on the serious ecological security brought by industrial civilization, and a social form in which man and nature live in harmony. Since the industrial revolution, mankind has created an unprecedented economic miracle and accumulated enormous material wealth. However, as Engels pointed out in Dialectics of Nature, "We should not be too intoxicated with our victory over nature. Every time such a victory, nature will retaliate against us. " While creating and enjoying modern civilization, mankind has also tasted the bitter fruit brought by high growth: energy shortage, resource shortage, ecological degradation, environmental deterioration, climate change and frequent disasters. All these have prompted people to rethink the relationship between man and nature and the norms of human behavior. 1962 American scholars published Silent Spring, 1972 Rome Club published The Limit of Growth, 1987 Our Future report first put forward the concept of sustainable development, and 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development published the Rio Declaration. This year, the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development adopted The Future We Want.

(2) Promoting the construction of ecological civilization is an important achievement for our party to re-understand the laws of nature and the relationship between man and nature.

Our party has always attached great importance to resource conservation and ecological environment protection. Promoting the construction of ecological civilization conforms to the idea that our party has always advocated and pursued, and it is a new generalization and sublimation of our party's problems of resources and ecological environment. In the early 1980s, we took environmental protection as the basic national policy, the Ninth Five-Year Plan decided to implement the strategy of sustainable development, the Tenth Five-Year Plan first proposed the goal of reducing the total discharge of major pollutants, the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the idea of building a well-off society in an all-round way, coordinated the sustainable development concept and coordinated the harmonious development between man and nature, and the Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee put forward the basic national policy of saving resources. The 11th Five-Year Plan takes energy consumption intensity and total emission reduction of major pollutants as binding indicators for the first time, and proposes to promote the formation of main functional areas. The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to build an ecological civilization and firmly establish the concept of ecological civilization.

(3) Promoting the construction of ecological civilization is an inevitable requirement for maintaining sustained and healthy economic development and improving people's quality of life.

Although important progress has been made in the construction of ecological civilization in China in recent years, the constraints of resources and environment faced by economic development have become increasingly prominent, and the people's demands for a good ecological environment have become more and more urgent. First, resource constraints are tightening. The external dependence of China's oil has risen to 56.7%, and the external dependence of important mineral resources is also rising rapidly. The average water shortage for many years is 53.6 billion cubic meters, two-thirds of cities are short of water, 1 10 cities are seriously short of water, and cultivated land approaches the red line of180,000 mu. Second, the environmental pollution is serious, and the overall deterioration trend of the environmental situation has not been fundamentally curbed. Water pollution in some key river basins is serious, smog weather in some cities is increasing, and environmental mass incidents are frequent; Third, ecosystem degradation. The area of soil erosion accounts for 37% of the land area, and the area of desertified land accounts for 18%. 90% of grasslands are degraded to varying degrees, the land subsidence area is enlarged, and natural disasters caused by ecosystem destruction are frequent. On the one hand, these problems are caused by China's large population, shortage of resources, limited environmental capacity and fragile ecology. In addition, the rapid development of China has gradually exposed the problems of developed countries for hundreds of years, which have been compressed into decades in China. On the other hand, our economic development mode has not been fundamentally changed, the concept of ecological civilization has not been firmly established, and the practice of ecological uncivilized is still very common. To cross the threshold of resources and environment from the source, we should not only accelerate the transformation of economic development mode, but also vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization.