Guanshan, Jiangxi: The sounds in the morning and at night are considerable.

Just after the autumnal equinox, the weather is still hot and the earth is as lifeless as a steamer. However, in the western section of Jiuling Mountain Range, Guanshan Mountain, which has faded away from the impetuous summer, has a different scene.

The fog turned into a cloud in an instant, and Guanshan immediately came into view. Sunlight sprinkled mottled spots through the cracks in the leaves, and the white-necked pheasant flew over the forest, making several leaves fall to the stream like butterflies.

Green water is gurgling, blue waves are rippling, and groups of wild macaques are climbing among the green trees in Qingxi. The wind is ringing trees, orchids are swaying, and everywhere is full of vitality.

This time, let's fly to Guanshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi at 28 north latitude, listen to morning songs and sing in Jiuling Mountain.

Please watch on the horizontal screen.

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Jiuling Diancui Ecological Island

Looking from the western section of Jiuling Mountain Range to the north and south slopes, it is our destination today, Guanshan.

Guanshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province is one of the earliest nature reserves in Jiangxi Province, spanning Yifeng and Tonggu counties in Yichun City.

The reserve is located in the northern part of the joint zone between Yangtze ancient plate and South China ancient plate, and is a part of "Jiangnan ancient land". There are tall mountains, the highest peak is Magujian 1480m, and there are more than 30 peaks with an altitude of 1000m, with an average altitude of 725m.

Guanshan Mountain is high and deep, and the forest is dense, which is like jade in Jiuling Mountain. Looking around, the mountains and plains are full of greenery. The forest coverage rate in this area is as high as 98.6%, which breeds a variety of plant resources.

Guanshan Mountain is located at the intersection of plants in East China, Central China, South China and Southwest China, where a typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest grows. The flora is obviously transitional, accompanied by a large number of vegetation types such as evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, coniferous mixed forest and shrub.

Rich vegetation types create opportunities for animal survival. Guanshan Mountain is located in the center of Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake and Jianghan Plain. It is an important species migration channel in China and an important ecological island between Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan provinces in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

Here, we can see the bright fruits of Taxus chinensis, listen to the sound of wings flapping when the white-necked pheasant takes off, and catch a glimpse of wild macaques climbing among green vines.

The creatures in Guanshan can grow steadily in the long years, thanks to the superior natural conditions in Guanshan. Guanshan is a typical warm and humid climate in the middle subtropical zone, and the northeast-southwest mountainous area greatly weakens the influence of the East Asian monsoon.

There is no heat in summer and no cold in winter here. The annual average temperature is 16.2℃, the annual average relative humidity is 84%, and the annual precipitation is 1950 2 100 mm, which is more in Guanshan than in surrounding counties.

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Green Pearl of Plant Shelter

The abundant precipitation in Guanshan provides sufficient nutrients for the reproduction of plants. There are 2398 species of higher plants in the nature reserve, which is known as the green pearl in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.

Guanshan Mountain is a typical well-preserved forest ecosystem in the north of central and subtropical China, with rich and diverse plant species. Among them, the national key protected wild plants ***5 1 species, and 27 species are listed in the China Plant Red Book (Volume I). Guanshan Mountain is a refuge for some ancient and rare plant species, such as Taxus chinensis. Mindray and Bole.

If you come to Guanshan in Meng Chun season, you can see the peerless beauty of the Bole tree when you look up, "until it is swaying away, the tidbits are empty and red".

In fact, it is not easy to meet that tall and straight Bole tree. The seeds of the Bole tree have to spend a year in the bud under the forest, and then after many years of spring, summer, autumn harvest and winter storage, they can grow a developed root system.

In the long process of evolution, Boleshu experienced the invasion of Quaternary Ice Age and survived in the long-term stable and suitable climate of Guanshan Mountain, becoming the tertiary relict plant. Therefore, the existence of the bole tree is of great scientific value to the study of paleogeography and paleoclimate in Guanshan area.

Like Bole Tree, wild orchids also occupy an important position in Guanshan Mountain. Orchids have diverse shapes, rich colors, beautiful leaves, elegant fragrance and great ornamental value. Orchidaceae, as the most evolved group in monocotyledonous plants, is also of great significance in biological research.

However, what should be cherished is endangered in the wild. Orchidaceae plants are difficult to reproduce naturally and have strong dependence on pollinators. In addition, in recent years, the serious exploitation of human beings has made this precious wild resource decrease faster and faster.

Fortunately, Guanshan attaches great importance to wild orchids. Guanshan is one of the areas with rich orchid resources and good protection in Jiangxi Province. 48 species of orchids, such as Cymbidium cheilowii, Cymbidium spinosum and Cymbidium sinense, are listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

Strolling through Guanshan Mountain, the flowers are rippling at the tip of the nose, and you can capture the figure of wild orchids by careful observation. Above the valley, above the cliff and under the green forest, orchids are slim and graceful, with a few scattered branches. The mountain wind blows, and the flowers sway with the wind, dancing like butterflies among the dense blue leaves.

"As dry as pine and cypress, as beautiful as peony", Jinyun Rhododendron, like orchids, is a leader among rhododendrons and a precious tree species unique to China.

The azalea bush in Guanshan Mountain is colorful when in full bloom, which not only has high ornamental value, but also occupies an important position in Guanshan forest community. Together with other surrounding forest or meadow ecosystems, it plays a very important role in maintaining the ecological balance of Guanshan Mountain.

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Rare birds avoid exotic animal amusement parks.

The good ecological environment makes Guanshan a paradise for wild animals to thrive. At present, there are 335 species of vertebrates in Guanshan Nature Reserve, including 9 species of national first-class protected wild animals, such as white-necked pheasant, yellow-bellied pheasant, clouded leopard and leopard.

The white-necked pheasant is the most famous wild animal in Guanshan. Endemic to China, it is a social bird. At present, there are less than 50,000 in the world, and there are 800- 1000 in Guanshan. Therefore, the Guanshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province is listed as one of the important distribution places of the wild population of white-necked pheasants by the Asian Bird Red Book, and Yifeng County, where the reserve is located, is called the "hometown of white-necked pheasants".

In Guanshan, there are more pheasants than white-necked long-tailed pheasants and silver pheasants. Compared with other common pheasants (such as quail and partridge), silver pheasant is larger. Male silver pheasant is a large pheasant, with a total length of more than 1 m.

Silver pheasant has been loved by people since ancient times because of its gorgeous feathers and white body color. Li Bai, a famous poet in ancient China, once wrote a poem: "Please buy a pair of white jade and a pair of silver pheasants. The silver pheasant is as white as brocade, and the snow is shameful. " To express appreciation for the silver pheasant and praise its noble beauty.

There is a "star animal" as popular as silver pheasant in Guanshan-golden pheasant with yellow belly. If you see a strange-looking "chicken" in the Woods of Guanshan, don't be surprised, it must be a yellow-bellied pheasant.

In the creative non-breeding season of golden pheasant, the upper body of male bird (left) is chestnut brown, with black border on pale yellow spots and black chestnut red crest on his head. Female birds (right) are mostly brown with black, brown and white fine lines.

Yellow-bellied pheasant is an endemic bird in China. In 20 16, it was listed in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. It is an animal in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. It often appears in dense bushes and grass. It is clumsy and can't fly, timid and slow to respond, and often makes stupid things like "burying its head in the dark".

Different from the yellow-bellied pheasant, lively wild macaques like to move in rocks, river valleys and large areas of climbing vines and green trees. There are 1 1 multi-groups * *1000 in the area, among which there are more than 3 groups1000, and the number of monkeys is the largest, with 150. Guanshan Waterfall is swift and steep, and its superior natural environment has become a natural paradise for wild macaques.

In recent years, with the efforts of the joint defense committee of protected areas, Guanshan and surrounding communities have jointly carried out field patrol law enforcement, forest fire prevention, wildlife rescue and ecological protection publicity, laying a solid foundation for consolidating the ecological security barrier in northwest Jiangxi. At the same time, the reserve also hired a group of rangers for the community to contribute to poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in China.

It has successively won the honorary titles of the first batch of ecological civilization demonstration bases in Jiangxi Province, the member of China Biosphere Reserve Network and the fifth batch of national forest and grass science popularization bases.

From the green pearl in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River to the refuge of animals and plants, the mountains and mountains are green and the trees are flat. Streams are vertical and horizontal, and rare animals and plants are harmonious and free. In the future, Guanshan Nature Reserve will continue to sing the song of animal and plant protection, and Guanshan in Jiangxi is impressive!

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