How are thunderstorms formed?

In summer, the evaporation rate of water vapor in direct sunlight on the ground is higher than that in other seasons, and the air temperature near the ground is higher, so there will be more water vapor. The smaller the air density, the lighter it will be, the temperature will gradually decrease with the elevation, some water vapor will form small water droplets, and clouds will appear in the sky.

Small water droplets in the cumulonimbus cloud constantly collide to form larger water droplets. When they begin to fall, they rise from the ground, hot air rushes up on the solid net, and the friction between them is charged, while the rising airflow is positively charged and the falling water droplets are negatively charged.

As time goes on, cumulonimbus clouds gather a lot of positive charges at the top and a lot of negative charges at the bottom. When the water droplets in the cloud become larger, the hot air in the updraft will not fall from the cloud, and the hot air in the lower layer will be cooled by rain and fall directly from the ground. At this time, the charge began to discharge, accompanied by thunderous thunder.

Extended data?

Safety knowledge in thunderstorm days

1. Don't answer the phone when it thunders, don't dial the phone when your hands are wet, don't call when charging, and don't use the phone at the gas station.

2. Don't take shelter from the rain under large transformers, telephone poles and billboards. Thunderstorms are often accompanied by strong winds, and facilities are prone to collapse, causing electric shock.

3. Avoid using umbrellas with metal handles, holding umbrellas under electrical facilities, using umbrellas at high altitude, and sticking to live equipment when storing umbrellas.

4. If you meet an injured person who fell to the ground due to electric shock, you should judge the surrounding situation to prevent yourself from being injured, and don't go forward blindly. You can quickly cut off the power supply with insulators such as bamboo poles and plastic products, so that the injured can leave the dangerous area and call "120" for help.

Baidu encyclopedia-thunderstorm

People's Network-Thunderstorm Prevention "Five Electricity"