The Ancient Poem "Autumn Night in the Mountain" and Its Significance

Appreciation of Wang Wei's Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains

An autumn night in the mountains

The empty mountains are bathed in a new rain, and feel the early autumn at night. The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks.

The bamboo forest is sonorous, the washerwoman returns, and the lotus leaves are swaying to get on the canoe. Spring spring might as well give it a rest, and the autumn sun can stay on the hills for a long time.

Enjoy 1

This famous landscape painting embodies the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of the ideal realm in poetry and painting.

"An empty mountain after the rain stands in the autumn evening." It is clearly written in the poem that there is a female fishing boat. How can the poet write that it is an "empty mountain"? It turned out that the lush trees in the mountains covered up the traces of people's activities. It's called "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice" (Chai Lu)! Because there are few people here, "no one in the cave knows about foreign affairs, and outsiders only see empty mountains and thick clouds" ("Peach Garden Tour"), most people naturally have rich mountains and people. The word "empty mountain" points out that this place is like a paradise. In the early days of Shan Yu, everything was new. It was early autumn evening. It is conceivable that the air is fresh and the scenery is wonderful.

"Moonlight in the pine forest, crystal stone in the stream." It was dark, but there was a bright moon in the sky. The flowers have withered, but there are pine trees covered. The mountain spring is clear, flowing through the rocks, like a pure white practice, shining in the moonlight, what a quiet and clear natural beauty! Wang Wei's "Four Sages on the Classics" once praised the noble sentiments of the two hermits, saying that "there is no evil wood in the shade, and drinking water must be extreme." The poet himself is such a noble-minded person. He once said, "If you live in a wild forest, you might as well drink the water instead of sitting on the beam and watching the princes." ("Dedicate the Beginning to Prosper the Duke") Isn't it the ideal state that he pursues when the pine tree falls and the clear spring falls on the stone this month? These two sentences are picturesque, casual and out of tune. Such touching and natural scenery writing has reached the level of artistic perfection, which is beyond the ordinary people's ability to learn.

"The bamboo whispers that the laundry girl returns, and the lotus leaves bend in front of the fishing boat." A burst of joy and laughter broke out in the bamboo forest. It was some innocent girls who came back smiling after washing clothes. The graceful lotus leaves spread out to both sides one after another, overturning countless pearl-like crystal drops. It's a fishing boat going down the river, which cuts the tranquility of the moonlight in the lotus pond. There are such a group of carefree, hardworking and kind people under the bright moon and among the bamboos and violets. This pure and beautiful picture of life reflects the poet's ideal of living a quiet simple living, and at the same time, it shows his aversion to dirty officialdom from the opposite side. These two sentences are cleverly written, but the pen does not show traces, which makes people feel unique. The poet wrote "Bamboo Noisy" and "Lotus Moving" first, because the Huannv was hidden in the bamboo forest and the fishing boat was covered with lotus leaves. At first, I didn't see it. It was not until I heard the noise of the bamboo forest and saw the lotus leaves in full bloom that I found the Huannv and the Lotus Boat. This writing is more realistic and poetic.

The two couplets in the middle of the poem are all about scenery, but each has its own emphasis. Zhuan Xu re-writes, fragrant and clear; Neck ties focus on writing people and hope for political communication with people. At the same time, the two complement each other. Spring water, pine, bamboo and purple can be said to be a portrayal of the poet's noble sentiment and an ideal environment for the poet.

Since the poet is so noble, and he found a satisfactory paradise in that seemingly "empty mountain", he couldn't help saying, "My friend's prince, spring has passed, and you are still here. What does it matter? ! "Originally," Songs of the South ". Call a hermit and say, "When the king comes back, you won't stay in the mountains for long!" " The poet's experience is just the opposite. He felt that "in the mountains" was better than "in the DPRK", clean and simple, and he could stay away from officialdom and lead a totally clean life, so he decided to retire.

An important artistic technique of this poem is to express the poet's personality beauty and an ideal social beauty with natural beauty. On the surface, this poem only uses the method of "Fu" to shape mountains and rivers, and gives a detailed and touching description of the scenery. Actually, it's full of comparisons. The poet expresses his ambition through the description of the scenery, which is rich in content and intriguing. (Fu Ruyi)

Appreciate II

Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains by Wang Wei is one of the representative works of pastoral poetry, which sings a love song of a hermit. The whole poem depicts the beautiful scenery of the mountain village and the simple fashion of the villagers in the evening after the rain in Chu and Qing Dynasties, and shows the poet's satisfaction with his seclusion.

The first two sentences of the poem, "An empty mountain after the rain, beginning of autumn at dusk", are the natural scenes of the mountain village after the rain outlined by the poet with his big hand. It is as fresh, quiet and far away as it is now. An "empty" word renders the sky high and the clouds light, and everything is ethereal. How leisurely the poet lives in seclusion here, and how he describes the typical environment of landscape and countryside, revealing the poet's love.

"There is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream", and the scenery at dusk, the beginning of Shan Yu, is quiet and leisurely, fresh and pleasant. The pine forest washed by rain is spotless, full of green; The rocks are especially crystal clear, transparent and bright; Even the moonlight is as bright as washing; Shan Yu's spring suddenly flows on the slate, and then winds down the mountain stream, giving out a crisp and pleasant song, like a "serenade". "Illumination" and "flow", one goes up and down, one moves in silence, and the other moves in silence, as if people feel the pulse of nature beating. At this moment, the poet seems to feel that he has also been washed away. The beauty of nature and the beauty of the soul are completely integrated, creating a pure and beautiful poetic realm, which is as inseparable as the water moon mirror. This kind of Zen is a hermit. Su Shi praised this couplet as a typical sentence of "painting in poetry"

Then the poet changed from writing about scenery to writing about people. In this landscape painting, the natural beauty of the mountain village is integrated with the beauty of the villagers' life. "The sound of bamboo calls the washerwoman to return, and the lotus leaves are collected in front of the fishing boat", which are the portrayal of human activities-"Huannv" and "Fisherman". The poet adopted the writing "Listen to people before you meet them". Yes, it's night, and it's covered with bamboo forests. How can I see a woman who comes back from washing clothes? However, when the women from Zhuhai moved slowly, they stirred the bamboo soaked in the night dew and made a "rustling" sound. With their silvery laughter, the noise of laughter broke the quiet night sky. Listening to the ups and downs of lotus leaves on the water surface, the fishing boat went down the river. This is a fisherman who wants to catch fish by moonlight tonight. The poet was moved by this scene, and his feelings welled up in his mind: Dai Yue, a mountaineer, was industrious, simple and cheerful from his own nature, far clearer and purer than people in officialdom. All these details convey that the poet loves not only the beauty of the scenery here, but also the beauty of the people here. This naturally lays a solid foundation for summarizing sentences.

"My friend's prince, spring has passed and you are still here. What does it matter?" It was written by a poet. Although spring has gone, autumn is better and I would like to stay. Wang Sun refers to the poet himself, which is the opposite of the poet's poem "When the king returns, he can't stay in the mountains for a long time" in The Songs of the South. It is said that the scenery in the mountain residence is particularly attractive. As the poet said in Qingxi, "In my heart, I have always been as pure as this clear water." His love for returning to nature and his dislike for Guanhai are beyond words.

In a word, this pastoral poem is fresh and quiet, which embodies the poet's noble feelings and pursuit of ideals, and is rich in connotation and intriguing.

Appreciation 3

This poem is about the charming scenery and intoxicating mood at dusk after the autumn rain. It was written by the poet when he lived in seclusion in Zhongnan or Wangchuan Villa. The realm of poetry is clear and transparent, exquisitely carved, like autumn water, full of rich flavor of life. Poetry embodies the poet's noble feelings and persistent pursuit of ideal life.

The first couplet focuses on the whole, outlines the seasons and points out the realm, giving people an immersive and refreshing feeling. The bland words such as "empty mountain", "new rain" and "late autumn" are easily associated with people. Quiet Shan Ye environment, fresh after the new rain, cool in autumn, quiet from day to night, there is a quiet and clean atmosphere between the lines. "Empty mountain" is a common word used by Wang Wei, which is intriguing. There is no cold feeling and empty inspiration here, nor is it the so-called emptiness and nothingness of Zen. Combined with the whole poem, "empty mountain" contains the following four meanings: First, it refers to the lush trees in the mountain, which cover up the traces of people's activities, as Wang Wei's "Chai Lu" said, "there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice"; The second is to stay away from the hubbub and be inaccessible. "No one knows foreign affairs in the cave, but outsiders only see empty mountains and thick clouds" (Peach Blossom Garden) is like a paradise, independent from the world, happy and pleasant; Third, it refers to the early days of Shan Yu, when everything was new, Yin Hui was radiant and the world was shining. What is presented to the poet is an empty and brilliant picture; The four fingers are empty but not empty, static but not static, full of vitality and full of fun, because there are singing and laughing in the mountains, fishing boats singing at night, the bright moon shining high and clear springs gurgling. It can be seen that after the rain, empty mountains bring people not loneliness, silence and death, but vitality and fun.

The couplets are small and big, with exquisite brushwork, dynamic and static combination, and light and color set each other off, creating a charming world that is elegant, refined, aesthetic and ethereal. The bright moon is in the sky, and everything shines; Pine and cypress are covered, graceful and pure; Pine leaves are like needles, green and dripping; The water droplets are small and shiny; The shadows of the trees are mottled, the moonlight is bright, and the stars are scattered all over the floor, just like fine silver wires covering the mountains, giving people a dreamy and ecstatic feeling. Taking a photo is not the same as having loose bowels. Zhu Ziqing wrote in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond: "Moonlight is like running water, quietly pouring on this leaf and flower." Write the moonlight as water, quiet and bright with "Xie". Wang Wei wrote moonlight with the word "Zhao", which has the characteristics of both light and color, realistic realm, vivid moonlight shining on pine forest, reflection, swaying and trance; It also guides readers to pay attention to the tranquility, brightness and ethereality of the empty mountain pine forest bathed in moonlight. If the first sentence focuses on the beautiful scenery of the pine forest under the moon, then the second sentence describes the lively vitality of the stream under the moon. You see: the mountain spring is flowing; The moon reflects the stream, pure as practice; The running water is clear and crystal clear; The stream is winding and lively. Facing this quiet, clean and ethereal mountain spring, I can't wait to moisten the vicissitudes of life, pick off a wisp of clear sound and sing the waves in my heart. The word "Liu" is full of romantic feelings, and it has the charm of "fighting to break the snake, extinction is visible" in Liu Zongyuan's "Little Stone Pond", which also guides people to appreciate the sparks of flying flowers splashing jade in streams or water stones or the chorus of rocks passing through the forest. Wang's Heart Flow is full of interest and fun!

Necklace further expanded into personnel life, appearing in the unique situation of dusk in the mountains, showing charming colors. The girl in the previous sentence: a group of naive peasant girls came back from washing clothes and walked together; They frolic, smile, wake up the sleeping mountain forest, activate the silent vitality, and the silvery laughter echoes in the empty and deep bamboo forest. Fisherman: A few boats are full of glory, and they return home, full of lotus leaves falling to both sides, knocking over countless crystal drops. This scene is enviable. How much I want to shake the boat full of harvest joy to meet another quiet and beautiful night; How I want to sing a crisp fishing boat song to bid farewell to another sunset. Whether a girl or a fisherman, the poet only heard the noise in the bamboo forest, but could not see the man. He only saw the shaking of lotus leaves, but he couldn't see the boat. It is conceivable that people are wrapped in such a lush green world. What a touching sight! In addition, we have every reason to assume that people living in this paradise are hardworking, simple and noble; Live and work in peace and contentment; Sincere and natural. It is no wonder that the poets at the end of the League sincerely expressed their sigh that "Wang Sun" could stay.

Tail couplet skillfully uses Chu Ci? The classic "Shout for Injustice", the last sentence of "Shout for Injustice" says: "When the king returns, he can't stay in the mountains for long." The original intention was to recruit Wang Sun as an official, but Wang Wei did the opposite, forming his own good structure and adding infinite interest. "The spring fragrance of freedom is gone, and you are here, ah, the prince of friends? "Although Chunfang died of natural causes, Qiu Guang is still beautiful and charming, so the Prince doesn't have to leave. It seems to persuade people, but it is actually self-encouragement. "In the Mountain" is better than the DPRK, clean and simple, and it can stay away from the filth of officialdom and live a clean and honest life. "Mountain" is superior to the world, pure and ethereal, and can stay away from worldly triviality and cultivate temperament. The poet's fascination with mountain life is vividly on the paper. In addition, we can also see the author's ideological interest from the images used in the whole poem. Bright moon, empty; Pine, a graceful and pure plant; A faint spring, gurgling; Dense bamboo, straight and upright; Zhuo Zhuo is clean, dirty but not dirty; ..... All these are elegant, noble and beautiful images in traditional poetry, from which it is not difficult to see Wang Wei's obsession with ideal life. According to (Xu)