Xie Yao’s classical Chinese essays

1. Classical Chinese translation of Xiao Deyan in the Old Tang Dynasty

Translation Xiao Deyan was a native of Yongzhou, Chang'an.

Originally from Lanling County, after the fall of the Chen Dynasty, (the whole family) moved to Guanzhong. His grandfather, Xiao Jie, was an official and minister of the Liang Dynasty.

His father, Xiao Yin, was the minister of official affairs of the Chen Dynasty. They were all very famous at the time.

Xiao Deyan dabbled in classics and history extensively, was especially proficient in "The Biography of the Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period", and liked to write articles. During the Zhenguan period, he was awarded the title of Writer and concurrently served as a bachelor of Hongwen Hall.

In his later years, Xiao Deyan was especially devoted to learning. From day to night, he showed no intention of resting or feeling tired. Whenever you want to open the "Five Classics" (read and study), you must tidy up your clothes, bathe and change clothes, and sit upright before reading the book.

My wife and children take advantage of their free time Asked him: "(You) are like this all day long, don't you feel hard?" Xiao Deyan said: "If you respect the speeches and doctrines of the sages, how can you be afraid of this (trouble)!" At that time, Gaozong was the king of Jin and issued an edict. Xiao Deyan taught scriptures. When (Gaozong) was promoted to crown prince, (Xiao Deyan) still served as an attendant.

Soon after, he asked to retire because of his old age, but Taizong did not agree. If you look closely at the affairs of the past dynasties, scholars and scholars will find that those who have the talents of Yan Yuan and Min Ziqian cannot live long; those who have the virtues of Ziyou (Yan Yan) and Zi Xia (Business Shang) will not be as knowledgeable as they are. .

Only because of your noble character at a young age, you have gained a good reputation by studying hard behind closed doors, including the "Six Classics"; studying hard, including hundreds of schools of thought.

Since the social turmoil in the late Sui Dynasty, the school has become less famous, Confucianism and Taoism have fallen to a low point, and the classics of "Poems" and "Books" have been abandoned.

< p> Every time I feel sad. In recent years, there has been nothing in the world. I am trying to establish a system of rituals and music, and practice martial arts.

Who should I rely on to do the cultural and educational work? I hope that your talents and virtues will flourish, and that you will be able to revitalize noble morals and make Fusheng in Jinan reborn today; so that Yang Zhen, the "Confucius of Kansai", can still be famous (such) in today's world. How wonderful the reputation and prestige are! Thinking that you are tired and old, what can you say? I will soon be conferred the title of Marquis of Yangxian County.

In the year of Zhenguan, he was awarded the post of Secretary and Young Supervisor. The courtesy and rewards of the two palaces were very generous.

In the 23rd year of Zhenguan, he wrote many times to request to resign and return to the throne, and was approved because of the teacher's death. For his kindness, he was awarded the title of Doctor Yinqing Guanglu.

He died at home in the fifth year of Yonghui's reign at the age of 97. For this reason, Gaozong stopped going to court and gave it to Taichang Qing posthumously. There are thirty volumes of collected works. The original text is Xiao Deyan, who was born in Chang'an, Qi Dynasty.

He was born in Lanling and moved to Guanzhong. He was the official minister of Liang Dynasty.

Fu Yin was the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Chen. In addition to being a scholar, he was also a bachelor of Hongwen Museum.

In his later years, Deyan was particularly dedicated to studying. He never felt tired from day to night. Whenever he wanted to read the Five Classics, he would take a bath and sit in front of it. .

His wife asked him when he was waiting, "How can I be tired of doing this all day long?" Deyan said: "How can I be afraid of this if I respect the words of the sage!" At that time, Emperor Gaozong was the king of Jin and issued an edict to Deyan. He taught scriptures and lectured. When he was promoted to the Spring Palace, he still served as a scholar.

Looking for an official position because of his old age, Taizong also left a book saying: I have reviewed the previous generations and studied the scholars in detail. The talents of Yan and Min will not end their lives; the virtues of You and Xia will not catch up with their learning.

Wei Qing is very young and has a good reputation. The curtains are drawn and the house is closed, including the "Six Classics"; the fireflies gather in the snow, and the Bai family is caged.

Since the Sui Dynasty, the Xujie has been unknown, Confucianism and Taoism have fallen into the mud, and "Poems" and "Books" have been filled with holes. The words of affection for the tomb are expressed with sadness every time.

A few years have passed, and there is nothing in the world. I just want to practice rituals, have fun, and practice martial arts. Your Majesty is getting old, how can you teach your generals? It is hoped that Hebei's talents and virtues will still be luxuriant, and the wind will blow up and make Jinan prosperous. The most important thing is now; Confucius in Kansai is so prominent today.

How beautiful it is to ask and look! Nian Qing is exhausted, how can I speak of it! He was granted the title of Marquis of Yang County. In the seventeenth year, he became a secretary and a young prisoner.

The gifts from the two palaces are generous. In the twenty-third year, I have been asked to become an official.

Gaozong succeeded to the throne, and with the kindness of his master, he was awarded the title of Doctor Yin Qingguanglu. In the fifth year of Yonghui's reign, he died at home at the age of ninety-seven.

Gaozong resigned from the court for it and gave it to Taichang Qing. Thirty volumes of collected works.

Extended information Creation background This article is selected from the "Old Tang Book·Biography of Xiao Deyan" compiled by Liu Yu and others in the Later Jin Dynasty. It tells the experience of the writer Xiao Deyan. "Old Book of Tang" has 200 volumes, including 20 volumes of "Benji", 30 volumes of "Zhi", and 150 volumes of "Biography". It was originally called "Book of Tang". After the publication of "New Book of Tang" compiled by Song Qi, Ouyang Xiu and others, , it was renamed "Old Book of Tang" and was completed in the second year of Kaiyun of the Later Jin Dynasty (945).

The "Old Book of Tang" was compiled not far from the fall of the Tang Dynasty, and the sources of information are relatively rich.

About the author Liu Yu (xù) (887-946), courtesy name Yaoyuan, was a politician in the Five Dynasties period and a native of Guiyi, Zhuozhou (now Rongcheng, Hebei).

During the reign of Emperor Zhuangzong of the Later Tang Dynasty, he served as Dr. Taichang and Bachelor of Hanlin. When Emperor Mingzong came to the throne, he was appointed as a minister of the Ministry of War and moved to Duanming Palace as a bachelor.

In the third year of Changxing's reign, he became the minister of Zhongshu and the Minister of the Ministry of Punishment, and was under the command of Tong Zhongshu. After the deposed emperor of the later Tang Dynasty came to power, he moved the Ministry of Personnel to serve as the minister and the minister, and supervised the compilation of the national history "Book of Tang" (called "Old Book of Tang" after the Southern Song Dynasty).

Liu Yu was graceful in appearance, and together with his elder brother Liu Xuan and younger brother Liu Hao, they were both famous in Yan and Ji areas for their studiousness. Later, Liu Xuan's brother Liu Xuan was killed by his enemies, so Liu Xuan took refuge in Cangzhou.

When Zhuangzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, he appointed Liu Yu as Dr. Taichang and a bachelor of Hanlin. During the reign of Emperor Mingzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to the position of Minister of War many times.

Tang Mingzong always valued Liu Yu and liked his charm, so he was promoted to bachelor of Duanming Palace. In the third year of Changxing's reign, he became the Minister of Zhongshu, the Minister of the Ministry of Punishment, and Pingzhangshi under Tong Zhongshu's family. At that time, it was an honor to obtain these.

When Zhuangzong of the Tang Dynasty came to the throne, he paid homage to Dr. Yu Taichang and became a Hanlin scholar. During the reign of Emperor Mingzong, he moved to the post of minister of the Ministry of War. Emperor Mingzong was very fond of his charm and moved to Duanming Palace to be a bachelor.

In the third year of Changxing's reign, he paid homage to Zhongshu's minister and minister of the Ministry of Punishment, and Tongzhongshu's subordinate Pingzhangshi. He went to the Zhongxing Hall to thank him. On that day, there were no seats in the temple, so he entered the Xie Duanming Hall. He became a bachelor of Duanming Palace and worshiped the prime minister, and he was proud of it at that time.

After the deposed emperor came to power, he moved to the Ministry of Personnel and the Minister of Civil Affairs to supervise the compilation of the history of the country. The "Old Tang Book" compiled by officials during the Five Dynasties and later Jin Dynasty is the earliest existing historical book that systematically records the history of the Tang Dynasty.

Its original name was "Book of Tang". It was renamed "Old Book of Tang" only after the "New Book of Tang" compiled by Ouyang Xiu, Song Qi and others in the Song Dynasty came out. "Old Book of Tang" has 200 volumes, including 20 volumes of Annals and 30 volumes of Chronicles. 2. Guo Mo, Hanoi Huairen, classical Chinese reading answers

Guo Mo, Hanoi Huairen.

He was young and humble, but he served Pei Zheng, the prefect, as a general with great courage. During the Yongjia Rebellion, Mo led his followers to become dock owners, and used fishing boats to travel eastward. Over the years, they became extremely rich, and more and more people became dependents.

The officers and soldiers of Fu Xun were very popular. Mofu's brother, Lu Jia, from the same county, took the official rice and stone salary from his sister. Mo thought it was against the rules and was about to kill Jia. Jia was afraid and ran to Shile.

Mo Nai shoots his wife to show his selflessness. An envoy was sent to visit Liu Kun, who was the governor of Hanoi.

Liu Yuanhai sent his follower Zi Yao to challenge Mo, and Yao lined up three villages to surround him, hoping to starve him to death. He silently sent his wife as a pledge and asked him to purchase it. After the purchase was completed, he set up a guard.

In anger, Yao silenced his wife in the river and attacked her. Mo sent his younger brother Zhi to seek help from Liu Kun. Kun knew Mo was cunning and kept him to delay his rescue.

Silently alert people to emergencies. Huizhi went out of the city to bathe his horse, so that both the strong and the strong could return.

Mo Nai sent Zhi Zhi to Shi Le, who used Mo Duo to deceive him, and sealed Mo Shu and Liu Yao. Mo asked people to wait for Le Shu, so he broke out and surrendered to Li Ju.

Hou and Ju are far away from Liu and Shi, and the incident is passed down by Ju. At the beginning of Taixing, the prefect of Yingchuan was removed.

Mo and Shi Chong were defeated in the battle, and they were weak and Mo was deeply worried. He Jieyin ordered him to join the army in Yinqiao, saying: "Li Shijun met me very kindly, but now I have abandoned him. I have no face." Thanks, I can leave in three days." Then I went to Yangzhai.

When Chu heard about it, he was furious and sent his general Guo Song to pursue Mo to Xiangcheng to attack him. Silently abandoning his family and galloping off on his own.

Silently arrived in Kyoto, and Emperor Ming awarded him the title of general to conquer the captives. When Liu Xia died, he appointed Mo as Beizhong Lang General, supervising the military affairs of Huaibei and taking charge of the holiday.

Li Long and others from the Yagu tribe conspired to rebel, and Zhao Mo and the right-guard general Zhao Yin sought peace. The imperial court was about to attack Su Jun, fearing that he might cause chaos, so he summoned Mo to pay homage to the general and lead the cavalry school.

He was successful in the first battle, but the Sixth Army was defeated and ran south. Xi Jian proposed to build a fortress in Dayeli, Qu'abei, to divide the thieves' power and make them defend silently.

Jun sent Han Chao and others to attack Mo Mo in a hurry. There was quite a lack of water in the fort, so Mo Mo was afraid. Hui Jun died, surrounded and defeated, and was appointed as the general of the right army.

Mo Le was a border general, but he did not want to stay on the guard, and when he was summoned, he told Pingnan General Liu Yin: "I can control the Hu, but it is useless. The right army is in charge of banning troops. If there is danger on the battlefield, When you are sent out to fight, you will be given rations. If your generals are unqualified and have no trust, you will rarely be invincible when facing the enemy.

At that time, you should choose talents for officials. If ministers choose their own officials, they will be safe. "It's not messy." Yin said, "Although the things discussed are beyond the reach of villains, please tell me and ask for help from Yin."

When Yin was ordered to be dismissed from office, he was not immediately blamed, but then he took action on his own. His arrogance and extravagance were even worse, and he was blamed far and near. At the beginning, Mozhi was conquered by Su Jun. The next time he went to find the sun, he saw Yin.

Another overseas Chinese, Gai Gizhi, first took the daughter of Kong Wei, whom Zu Huan had killed, as his wife. The Wei family asked for her, but Zhang Man and other envoys returned her home, but Gizi refused because there was a rift with Yin and Man.

At this point, Gizzard said to Mo: "Liu Jiangzhou is not immune, and has a secret plan. He has been plotting day and night with Chang Shi Sima Zhang Man, Xun Kai and others. The rebellion has been formed, but he is afraid of Guo Marquis. We should first eliminate Marquis Guo and then start an attack. Disaster is imminent, so we should be prepared for it." Since Mo held a grudge, he led his disciple Hou Danmen to attack Yin. General Yin and his officials want to stay away from Mo, Mo? The sentence said: "I have been ordered to punish the three tribes."

Then he went to bed.

Yinshang lay down with his concubine, silently holding her down and beheading her.

He took out Yin's officials to assist Zhang Man, Xun Kai and others, and falsely accused him of great rebellion. It was reported that the emperor Yin was sent to the capital and he pretended to be an imperial edict. It is advisable to look at the internal and external aspects.

He robbed Yin's daughter and concubines, and returned the gold and treasures to the ship. When Chuyun went to the capital, he returned and stopped at Yin's old mansion, recruiting Huanxuan and Wang Cengqi.

I was afraid of being forced to do so, so I persuaded me to be Pingnan and Jiangzhou, and I obeyed silently. During the period of fear, Huan Xuan fled to Lushan Mountain, but Huan Xuan stayed there.

King Situ was so frightened that he could not control it, so he issued a general amnesty to the whole country. The prefect of Wuchang, Deng Yuechi and Taiwei Tao Kan, heard about it, threw their arms and said, "This must be a fraud."

That day, he led the crowd to criticize Mo, and went up to explain Chen Mo's crimes. After hearing this, he accepted Yin's head and ordered Yu Liang to help him talk about silence.

Mo wanted to occupy Yuzhang in the south, but Kan had already gone to the city and built a mountain of earth to approach it. The armies gathered in large numbers and surrounded them heavily.

Kan Ximo was brave and wanted to survive, so he sent Guo Song to see Mo and tacitly agreed to surrender. However, Mo's generals Zhang Chou, Song Hou and others were afraid of being killed by Kan, so they advanced and retreated from time to time. When the attack became more urgent, the Marquis of Song tied his silence and begged to surrender. He was beheaded at the military gate. Forty of his companions died and were reported to the capital. 3. The story of Meng Jiao should be written in ancient Chinese

New Book of Tang Dynasty. Original biography of Meng Jiao

Meng Jiao, whose courtesy name was Dongye, was from Wukang, Huzhou. Shaoyin Songshan, sexual intermediary, less harmonious. The more we meet, the more we forget each other. At the age of fifty, he won the rank of Jinshi and was transferred to Liyang Wei. There are Tou Jinlai and Pingling cities in the county. The forests are thin and covered with water. In the suburbs, I went to sit by the water. Pei Hui composed poems, but Cao Cao's affairs were mostly neglected. Order Baifu to replace him with a fake captain and divide him into half. Zheng Yuqing stayed behind for the Eastern Capital and served as a land and water transport judge. Yu Qingzhen moved to Xingyuan and served as a staff officer. Died at the age of sixty-four. Zhang Ji's posthumous title is Mr. Zhenyao.

The suburbs are the most popular place for poetry, but they are bitter and astringent. Li Guan also commented on his poem and said: "The high place is the highest in ancient times, and the low place is worth two thanks".

New Book of Tang Dynasty. Translation of Meng Jiao's Biography

Meng Jiao's given name was Dongye and he was from Wukang County, Huzhou. When he was young, he lived in seclusion in Songshan Mountain. He was withdrawn by nature and rarely got along with others. Han Yu became good friends with him after seeing him.

When Meng Jiao was fifty years old, he passed the Jinshi examination and was appointed captain of Liyang County. In the county, there are Toujinlai and Pingling cities, which are covered with vegetation and have a pool below. Meng Jiao went to sit by the pool when he had time, wandering around and writing poems. His official duties were too much delayed. The county magistrate reported to the governor, appointed an acting county captain to replace him, and divided half of his salary. Zheng Yuqing stayed in Dongdu and appointed him as the judge of land and water transportation. Zheng Yuqing guarded Xingyuan and appointed him as a staff officer. Later passed away. He died at the age of sixty-four. Zhang Ji gave him the posthumous title "Mr. Zhenyao".

Meng Jiao's poems had content and interest, and were most appreciated by Han Yu, but his poems were too weird and difficult. Li Guan also commented on his poems and said: "The best of them are unparalleled in ancient times, and the average ones are better than Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao." 4. Classical Chinese essays related to Wang Shichong in high school

Wang Shichong has a full line of writing.

His ancestor was Hu from the Western Regions, and his number was languishing. His descendant, Xinfeng, died. His wife became a concubine with Wang Liang, a native of the city. Decadent Matzi followed him, assumed the surname of Liang, and became an official in the Sui Dynasty.

Throughout life, Yin serves as the left guard. At the beginning of the great cause, Shichong came out to be the governor of Jiangdu and moved to the county.

Yang Xuan rebelled, and Zhu Xie from Wu and Guan Chong from Jinling responded to Jiangnan with more than 100,000 troops. Shichong used his generals to recruit tens of thousands of people from Jiangdu and defeated them frequently.

Every victory must be attributed to the subordinates, all the captives are commended to the soldiers, and old friends strive to be effective. In the tenth year of the great cause, Qi's thief Meng Rang transferred to various counties.

When they arrived at Xuyi, Shichong refused and defended Liangshan. Rang laughed and said: "The world is full of literary and legal officials, how can we know the soldiers? I will tie him up in this life and march down to the river with drums!" At that time, all the people were in the camp and there was nothing to plunder in the wild. Of.

Shichong was unable to move the wall in Zhanyang for a few days, allowing Yijiao to divide his forces and go south for a few days, leaving enough troops to surround the wall. Shichong knew that the thieves were slack, so Ye Yizao withdrew the curtain, destroyed the walls, fought hard, and defeated them, allowing dozens of riders to ride away.

Li Mi forced the eastern capital, ordered Shichong to be the general, and sent troops to garrison Luokou. There were more than a hundred battles, big and small, with no great victory or defeat.

The imperial edict immediately paid homage to General You Yiwei, who defeated the thieves and Shichong was defeated. King Yang Tong of Yue wrote a letter of encouragement and gave him gold and silk to secure him. The capital of Huijiang killed the rebels, and the powerful people worshiped Yang Tong as emperor and Shichong as the minister of the Ministry of official affairs.

Dong listened to the internal history and ordered Yuan Wendu, Lu Chu and others to plan, and gave Li Mi a high-ranking official position to attack the north. The secret victory came to report, and everyone was overjoyed. Shichong said to him alone: ??"Wen Du and other talented swordsmen and pens must be secret birds.

Moreover, our army fought with thieves and killed many of their fathers, sons and brothers. Once For this reason, I am incompetent!" Wen Du waited to hear this and was greatly frightened. Later Dong wanted to use Wendu as a censor-general, but Shichong refused, saying: "We have made an appointment with the public, and the left and right servants, ministers, and censor-generals are waiting for the honor.

Now everyone wants to get it. , then the flow of competition has begun, how can we defend it?" Wen Du was so sorry that he lurked with Chu Mou and went into the palace to kill him. Duan Dachi of Nayan informed Shichong, and Shichong attacked Hanjiamen with troops at night and surrounded the palace city.

Youwuwei General Huangfu Wuyi and other generals sent Fei Yao and Tiange to resist the battle at Taiyangmen. Yao was defeated and Shichong entered. Wuyi escaped alone on horseback, captured Chu and killed them. At that time, Ziwei Palace was still closed, Shichong knocked on the door, and Lingdong said: "Yuan Wendu is waiting for your majesty to send down Li Mi. If I don't rebel, I will punish those who rebel."

Duan Da sent all the documents to Zhiwei. Shi Chong, kill him. Shichong sent his subordinates to act as guards, and then went to thank him and said: "Wendu and Chu Wuzhuang are killing each other. I am anxious for this, so I don't dare to do it.

"

Dong made an alliance with him and went to pay homage to Zuopushe, the Minister of Finance. (Selected from "Book of Tang·Volume 85.

Biography Ten, with abridgements) 4. The following Regarding the sentence fragments in the wavy line part of the article, the correct one is (3 points) A. Shichong Shuzhanyang/unfavorable/walking on the wall/let Yijiao take a few days/slightly divide the lower part/southern strategy/cut down the troops/encircle the foot Bi/ B. Shichong’s number of battles/yang is not favorable/go to the wall/let Yijiao/a few days/slightly divide them and go south/slightly reduce the troops and retain troops/encircle the wall/C. Shichong’s number of battles/yang is not favorable/go to the wall/i Bu Yijiao /A few days/Slightly divide the troops to the south/Reduce the troops to the wall/D. Shichong fights for several times/The sun is not good/Walk the wall/Leave Yijiao for a few days/Slightly divide the troops/Southern strategy/Leave the troops to the wall /5. In the following explanation of the related content of the added words in the article, one of the incorrect ones is (3 points) A. Concubine, a concubine other than the legal wife. The concubine system is the core content of the ancient Chinese marriage system, "concubine." "refers to the principal wife and her children, and "庶" refers to the concubine and her children.

B. Relocation, transfer of official positions. Including promotion, demotion, and horizontal transfer, which often occurred in ancient times Add a word before or after the word "Qian" to distinguish it, such as the demotion title "Zuo Qian"

C. Daye, the name of the year. In ancient feudal dynasties, an emperor could only use one year. No.

Later generations used the reign name as the title of the emperor, such as Emperor Yongle and Emperor Taizong. D. Official title in ancient China, the highest official in the official department. The Ministry of Civil Affairs is responsible for the appointment, removal, examination, promotion, and transfer of civil servants across the country. 6. In the following summary and analysis of the relevant content of the original text, the incorrect one is (3 points) A. Gong Shichong can win over soldiers. < /p>

He participated in quelling the rebellion of Yang Xuangan. He gave all the spoils to his troops and was deeply supported.

B. Gong Shichong had military talent and won the battle of Xuyi. Strong; in the Battle of Luokou, he faced off against the enemy more than a hundred times and repeatedly gained the upper hand.

C. Wang Shichong made a rational judgment and everyone was happy when Li Mi returned home, but Shichong thought that Li Mi might lead him. A huge threat came.

D. Gong Shichong was decisive and cautious. He surrounded the palace at night, eliminated political opponents, and was able to take various measures to ensure his own safety.

Translate the underlined sentences in the article into modern Chinese (10 points) (1) Rang Xiao said: "Shi Chong is a grammar official, An Zhibing?" I will tie him up in this life and carry him down the river with drums! "(5 points) (2) Wen Du regretted it and lurked with Chu Mou. Because of the world, he filled the palace and killed him.

(5 points) Answer: 4. (3 points) C5.( 3 points)C (An emperor can use multiple reign names; "Taizong" is not a reign name) 6. (3 points) B ("Battle of Luokou" and "repeatedly gaining the upper hand" do not fit the meaning of the text) 7. (10 points ) (1) (5 points) Meng Rang said with a smile: "Wang Shichong is a grammar clerk. How can one understand the art of war? I want to capture him alive now, beat the drum and march to conquer Jiangdu! "(3 points for the correct general idea, 1 point for the implementation of "生" and "DRUM") (2) (5 points) Yuan Wendu was resentful of this, and secretly planned with Lu Chu to ambush soldiers and kill Wang Shichong when he entered the palace.

(3 points for the correct general idea, 1 point for the implementation of "regret" and "qian") Attached is a reference translation in classical Chinese by Wang Shichong, whose writing style is full. After his death, his wife married Wang Can, a native of Ba City, as his concubine.

Zhi Dani's son, Shi Chong, followed his mother and took the surname of Wang Can, and became an official in the Sui Dynasty. .

Due to the merits of his ancestors, he was appointed as Zuo Yiwei. At the beginning of the great cause, Shichong was appointed as the governor of Jiangdu and was promoted to the position of county magistrate.

When Yang Xuangan rebelled, Zhu Xie and Jin Ling from Wu region. Guan Chong responded by raising troops in Jiangnan, with more than 100,000 troops. Wang Shichong, as a partial general, recruited more than 10,000 people in Jiangdu and defeated the rebels many times.

Every victory must be attributed to his troops and the captured troops. Everything was distributed to the soldiers, so people rushed to serve him.

In the tenth year of the Great Cause, Meng Rang of Qi County invaded various counties. When he arrived at Xuyi, Wang Shichong defended the capital Liangshan and organized five camps. , there was no fighting, and the old and weak were used to show their weakness.

Meng Rang smiled and said: "Wang Shichong is a grammar clerk, how can he understand the art of war?" I will capture him alive today, beat the drum and march to conquer Jiangdu! "At that time, the people had entered the fortress, and there was nothing to plunder in the wild. Meng Rang was suffering from the fact that five forts blocked the road and could not invade south, so he divided his troops to surround the forts. Wang Shichong went to battle many times, pretending to be defeated and fled into the forts; Meng Rang became even more proud. After that, he gradually divided his troops to invade south, leaving just enough soldiers to cover the state's soldiers. 5. Song Dynasty Classical Chinese Translation by Li Shunchen.

The original text of "History of the Song Dynasty: Biography of Yi Sunchen" was written by Li Sunchen, whose courtesy name was Zisi, who was born in Jingyan, Longzhou.

He learned to read in the fourth year of his life and was able to write at the age of eight. Seeing the fundamentals, he was determined to serve the world. At the end of Shaoxing, Zhang Jun inspected Jiang and Huai, and Shun Chen responded to the imperial edict and wrote: "If you can't make a plan, you should move to Wuchang." "

He also said: "The six dynasties in the east of the Yangtze River all tried to conquer the north and refused to take advantage of the opportunity to fight for the world. It is appropriate to be in prison today. "Written in the ten chapters of "Reflections on the Victory in Jiangdong".

In the second year of Zhongqian Dao, he was awarded the title of Jinshi. At that time, the imperial court had stopped its troops, and the Prime Minister benefited and was respected all over the world.

The strategy of Shun and his ministers was to discuss the feud between the Jin people and the fact that there was no way to make peace. The ministers should not pursue writing as a profession. The examiner was disgusted with Yan, so he was transferred to the chief registrar of Anren County in Qiongzhou.

During the great invasion of Sui, thousands of hungry people held thorns and shouted loudly. The sound shook the city and made people close their doors in fear. Shun Chen said: "This is not robbery, why should we be afraid of it?" He urgently came out to comfort him.

Professor Chengdu Mansion. At that time, Yu Yunwen Fushi closed the gate and set up a shogunate. The officials were changed to Xuanjiao Lang and Zhi Raozhou Dexing County, specializing in customs.

The lawsuit between mother and son, brother Kun, has been unresolved for many years. Because of Chen Ci's filial piety and respect for friends, mother and son became brothers as before. Jian Yi Xue preached, and the people in the city were all called "Mr. Shu".

He stopped taking advance loans from the common people and repaid his former official's accumulated wealth of more than 30,000 yuan. When the people were ill and were forced to serve, Shun's ministers persuaded the villages to correct the situation and make the service a voluntary service based on the low tax and high fixed service period.

The service will be completed every year, which will be convenient for the people. Even though the silver pit has been closed for a long time, the small household still pays the principal of silver, and the official pays for it.

Tian Shen's great gifts, rewards, and military equipment are not used to annoy the people. He took charge of the audit department of various departments, moved the main bookkeeper of the Zongzong Temple, and re-edited the "Yuling Jade Certificate".

When Zeng Bu and Lu Huiqing first used it, they must write it carefully, or it may be said that if they are not in power and are exempted, they should not write it. Shun Chen said: "How can we stick to the ordinary laws when governing the affairs of the country?"

His writings are similar to this. He is particularly proficient in the "Yi" and said: "The "Yi" starts from painting, and the management of things and images is all based on painting, and it is not "Yi" that can be considered without painting.

Painting starts from it, The paintings in Qiankun are characterized by sincerity and respect, and the paintings in Kanli are characterized by sincerity and clarity." He wrote thirty-three chapters in "The Biography".

Zhu Xi was called "Zhu Xi" by scholars in his later years. He has written eight volumes of "Qun Jing Yi", four volumes of "Shu Xiao Zhuan", thirty volumes of "Collected Works", five volumes of "The Analects of Confucius", and two volumes of "Luo Yu Gong Lu".

Zi Xin Zhuan, Dao Zhuan, and Xing Zhuan. He was passed down to the second government with his sex, given to the Grand Master, and later granted the title of Chongguo Gong.

Note 1. Shaochang: Slightly older. 2. Infer traces: deduce based on signs; follow traces.

"Book of Han·Liu Xiangzhuan": "Xiang Nai collected the records of disasters and disasters from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties from the Six Kingdoms to the Qin and Han Dynasties. He followed the traces and reported misfortunes and blessings. He used their predictions and analogies to follow. "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Geng Yan": "The Ji Tui Ji was obtained by more than ten members of his family."

Song Ouyang Xiu's "On Jian Mu Zha Zi": "I asked for the Ji Tui Ji." Therefore, the three prisons of Tianchi and Yuanchi are still expected to be obtained." 3. Insight: See it clearly.

"The Art of War" by Qin Guan of the Song Dynasty: "If the heart is not shaken by the changes of life and death, and the energy is not lost in favor, disgrace and interests, then the victory or defeat of the four will be naturally clear." "Memorial of Chen Shiyu": "Wen Yingyi's telescope can see forty miles."

4. Fundamental: the origin or the most important part of something. 5. Generous: Emotional and passionate appearance.

"Reply to Su Wu Shu" by Li Ling of the Han Dynasty: "The consolation and diligence are better than those of the flesh and blood. Although Ling is not sensitive, he can not be generous."

"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Dang Guo Biography·Fan" "Pang": "Pang boarded the chariot and took the bridle, and he had the ambition to clarify the world." Song Ouyang Xiu's "The Shinto Inscription of Wenzheng Fan Gong, the Minister of Household Affairs in the Zizheng Palace": "The public has great responsibilities, and he is happy with the rich, poor and humble. Once his heart is moved, he is determined to be in the world."

6. Shishi: It means to lead the army. "Guoyu · Jin Yu 3": "The Duke of Qin ordered Han Jian to pay homage to the teacher."

Tang Liu Zongyuan's "Pinghuai Yiya · Huang Wu" said: "Xi Ru axes and axes, he went to pay homage to the teacher." "Ming and Tang Dynasty Shunzhi's "Ancestral Temple Worship": "Shunzhi accepted the imperial order and inspected the master in Zhejiang Province."

Guo Xiren's "Congrong Chronicle": "It was Riyu and Liu Junsheng who went to the store to inspect the master. "7. Chengyu: also known as "Chengyi (shèngyú)".

In ancient times, it specifically referred to the carriages used by the emperor and princes. "Mencius: King Hui of Liang": "Now the chariot has been driven, and there is a commander who knows where it is."

Han Jiayi's "Xin Shu·Waiting Qi": "The emperor's chariot is called chengyu, and the princes' chariots are called chengyu." "Yu, Chengyu, etc." "Shui Jing Zhu·Dang Shui" by Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty: "Emperor Hui conquered Wang Ying of Chengdu... Chengyu suddenly defeated the emperor."

Du Fu of Tang Dynasty. "Ode to the Palace of the Taiqing Dynasty": "The master of the camp, the ancestral temple, rides on the carriage and prepares the Mianqiu." Generally refers to the utensils used by the emperor.

Cai Yong of the Han Dynasty's "Doctrine" said: "The chariots and horses, clothes, equipment, and all kinds of things are called Chengyu." It was later used as a proxy for the emperor.

"Historical Records·Fengchan Book": "Cheng Yi scolded the chariots, horses, curtains, and utensils to fill his home." Cai Yong of the Han Dynasty's "Doctrine" said: "The emperor is the most noble and dare not speak blasphemously, so he entrusted it "Yu Chengyu... or chariot"

"New Book of Tang Dynasty·Duan Xiu Shi Biography": "The public has been known to the world for his loyalty and righteousness, but now he has become an old soldier. He should tell everyone to clear up the misfortunes and blessings." It is the official duty of the palace to welcome Chengyu. "Kang Youwei and others' "The Second Book of the Shangqing Emperor" said: "In view of the current situation, the reason why I bear to cede the land and abandon the people is to protect the capital and ensure the peace of Chengyu." < /p>

8. No way: There is no way. 9. Supervision: Tong "jian", caution; lesson.

10. Disgust: refers to "satisfaction", contentment. 11. Pursue: follow and implement.

"Confucius' Family Collection·Six Books": "Zi Xia said: 'Shang asks for aspiration and follows it throughout his life.'" Song Su Shi's "Four Matters in Response to the Imperial Edict": "The state and county officials followed it day and night. , maiming his body, separating his father and son, destroying his career, and accumulating resentment for the country."

12. Text: document; official document; case file.

Fan Zhongyan of the Song Dynasty wrote in "Yaozhou Xie Shangbiao": "From now on, the thieves will send people to collect the text, and if they violate the previous rules, they will be sent out of the world immediately and will not be accepted."

The first volume of "The Legacy of Xuanhe": " Song Jiang, the commander-in-chief, read the text and went to Shijie Village on a starry night to report to Chao Gai. "The "Pinghua of Qin and the Six Kingdoms" volume: "Every prefecture and county received the text and learned that King Han had been killed. All the generals are dead, so they must surrender with a letter of surrender."

"Ancient and Modern Novels: Jian Tie Monk Cleverly Deceived Huangfu's Wife": "After Qian Dayin read it, he immediately ordered the generals to go where they belonged. The mountain is determined to come. At that time, the mountain was determined to inherit this text. ” 13. The next chapter: inferior; inferior. "Lun Heng·Cheng Cai" written by Wang Chong of the Han Dynasty: "The commentator thinks that Confucian scholars do not know how to write books, so they are placed in the lower rank." The highest rank is given to the rank of doctor, the second prince gives up, and the lower rank is dismissed. ""Book of Jin·Du Yuzhuan": "After one year of serving as an official, one person who is good will be ranked first, and one who is inferior will be ranked lower. "

"History of the Song Dynasty: Biography of Cai Youxue": "Emperor Lan was dissatisfied, and Yu Yunwen was particularly dissatisfied, so he was promoted to teach Guangde Army."

14. 6. What are the classical Chinese poems that mourn the death of the wife? The speed is so fast

Three poems in mourning Pan Yue

1

Winter and spring are passing by. Cold and heat change suddenly and easily. His son returned to Qiongquan. Heavy soil will always separate you. Who can control selfish thoughts? What's the point of staying in floods? 忶俛 respectfully ordered the emperor to do so. Return to the original campaign. Looking at Lu and thinking about him. Think about what you experienced when you entered the house. There is nothing like a curtain. There are traces of calligraphy and ink. The fragrance has not yet rested. The hanging is still on the wall. Despair seems to exist. Looking back in fear. Like that Hanlin bird. It only lives twice a day. Like a fish swimming in Sichuan. Bimuzhonglu analysis. The spring breeze is coming. Morning slips along the eaves. When do you forget to sleep? Worry accumulates day by day. The common people sometimes decline. Zhuang Fou is still attackable.

Two

The moon shines brightly in the window. Take the south end of my room. Qing Dynasty businessmen should be in autumn. The summer heat comes with the end of the season. A cool breeze rises. Beginning to feel the summer quilt. How can it be said that there is no weight? Who is the same age as Han? There is no difference in the cold years. How hazy the bright moon is. Spread the silk pillow mat. The bed is empty despite the long mat. The bed was empty and the dust was cleared. The room is empty and the wind is sad. There is no Li Shiling. It seems like a charming person. Fu Jin sighed. Unexpectedly, tears stained my chest. It's enough to touch your chest and feel safe. Sadness arises from it. When sleeping, the eyes remain in shape. The sound is still in my ears. I am ashamed of Dongmen Wu. I am ashamed of Zhuangzi. Write poems to express your aspirations. This ambition is difficult to record. There is nothing you can do about your life. Chang Qi makes oneself humble.

Three

Yao Ling Yun Tian Ji. Four generations have passed. Desolate and desolate. The evening wind is fierce and fierce. How can I mourn Shuli? Appearance is always hidden. Think of this like yesterday. Who knew he was already dead? Change to obey the government. My condolences are sent privately. Yin Guizhang's old house. At the end of the lunar month, I will offer sacrifices to you. When will you offer sacrifices? The new moon looks suddenly gone. The quilt was destroyed and withdrawn. Not to be cited again for a thousand years. The period is month and week. Qi Qi Mi is sympathetic to each other. Feelings of sadness come. Weeping and crying in response to the death of love. He was driving to the east of Fu. Looking at the grave and thinking about Yu Zhen. Wandering among the tombs. I can't bear to leave. Wandering can't bear to go. Migrating and leaning on the steps, hesitating. The fallen leaves lie on their sides. Withered stalks lead to the grave. A lonely soul. An knowing spirit and nothingness. Follow the orders of the court with all your heart. I forced myself to get into the car with tears in my eyes. Who says the imperial palace is far away? The road is extremely sad.

Jinluqu Nalan

When will this hatred end? The steps are empty, the rain breaks in the colder weather, and the weather is full of flowers. The soul has been dreaming for three years, it is a dream that should be awakened after a long time! Materials are also felt, and the world is tasteless. It is not as dusty as the night platform, deserted and a place of sorrow. The sweet promise was abandoned! If there is a Pisces in Chongquan, I would like to know him. Who will he depend on for the joys and sorrows of the past years? I've been turning my back since the end of the night, can I bear to listen to the Xiang string and pay attention to it? When they are about to get married and become a close friend, they are still afraid that both of them will die, and they will end up together in a miserly relationship. The tears are gone and the paper is ashes.

Jiang Chengzi·Dream on the 20th day of the first lunar month of Yi Mao by Su Dongpo

Ten years of life and death are so vast that I will never forget them without thinking about them. Thousands of miles of lonely tomb, nowhere to say desolation. Even if we meet each other, we should not know each other, our faces are covered with dust and our temples are like frost. At night, I suddenly returned to my hometown with a deep dream. I was dressing up outside the small window. They looked at each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears. It is expected that the broken part of the intestines will be cut off every year, on a bright moonlit night, there will be short pines.

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