The most comprehensive summary of important knowledge points in primary school Chinese 1-6 grades

Chinese is the most basic subject, and laying a good foundation for Chinese is an important task in primary school. The following is the most comprehensive summary of the important knowledge points of primary school Chinese 1-6 grade for everyone. I hope it helps you. Welcome to read the reference study!

& gt& gt& gt pinyin <<& lt

Alphabet (phonetic list)

Aa bb cc DD ee ff gg hh ii jj kkll mm nn oo PP QQ RR SS TT UU VV WWX YY ZZ (in fact, it is the case of 26 letters in English, but the pronunciation is different).

syllable

Syllables consist of initials, finals and tones.

(The third Pinyin Festival also includes: Introduction)

The first letter of a Chinese syllable

b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s y w

Monovowel or compound vowel (of Chinese syllables)

1, single vowel:

An o e i u? (6)

2. Compound vowels:

Ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, er (9)

3. Nasal vowels:

Ann, um, yes, um? n

Ang, English, English, Ang

Integral recognition syllable

Refers to, refers to, refers to, day, word, word, thought, leaf, meaning, yin, should, thing, surplus, month, luck, yuan (16)

Calibration rule

If you get a, don't give up. If there is no A, find O, E, I, U and mark them side by side. That's right!

Matters needing attention in spelling

1, j, q, x met? , two points.

2. The first letter of the sentence should be capitalized; The first letter of Chinese name should be capitalized; Capitalization of proper nouns: Beijing; Capitalize the first letter of the title of the article.

& gt& gt& gt words

(A) idioms with antonyms

Known far and near, black and white upside down, in a dilemma.

Clear distinction between black and white, seeking far from near, losing big because of small, top-heavy

Many a mickle makes a mickle, giving up the basics, being greedy for small and losing big, and speaking with one voice.

Neighborhood, internal cooperation, similar, make a mountain out of a molehill.

Yelling, right-hand man, cause and effect, laughing my head off

Make a fuss and do the opposite.

(C) Numeric idioms

Serious, speechless, half-hearted, in all directions.

Colorful, six heads, talkative, eight immortals crossing the sea

Mao's nine Niu Yi, perfect, accurate, do everything possible.

Various colors

(D) Eight-character idioms

The journey of a thousand miles starts with one step.

Make more/greater progress; Improve your already excellent work; Continue to do better; Exceed one's best achievements

What you hear may be false, but what you see is true; Seeing is believing

No one is perfect, just as no gold is 100% pure-no one is perfect; Everyone has weaknesses.

Sometimes a foot may prove short and an inch may prove long-everyone has his strengths and weaknesses.

A leaf blinds the eyes of Mount Tai (Mount Tai)-trivial things cover up your views on important things.

(E) Idioms of historical stories

Smelling chickens dancing (Zu Ti), frightened birds (Lei Geng)

Make the finishing point (Zhang Sengyou), have answers (Wen and Ke)

Xinglin Man Chun (Dong Feng) and an armchair strategist (Zhao Kuo)

(6) Idioms in fairy tales

Pan Gu Tian Kai, Kuafu chasing the sun, the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon

The goddess fills the sky, Hou Yi shoots the sun, and Jingwei fills the sea.

(7) Idioms in fables

It's too late to carve a boat for a sword, pull out a seedling to encourage it, wait for the opportunity, and mend it after it's too late.

Do the opposite, buy coffins and pearls, and wait and see.

(8) About spring

Spring returns to the earth, everything recovers, and flowers are green and red.

Yanwu, Ying Ge, melting ice and snow, Ding Dong in spring.

A hundred flowers blossom, a hundred birds contend, and spring warms bloom.

A spring breeze is stroking the face

(9) Words about autumn

In the autumn season, the layers of forests are dyed and the green flowers are brilliant.

The sky is high and the clouds are light, the geese fly south, and the autumn is crisp.

The grain is abundant, the melons and fruits are fragrant, and the spring flowers are brilliant.

Autumn harvest and winter storage

(X) Words about unity

Qi Xin works together, unites as one, and is invincible.

(11) About learning from each other.

There are people outside, and one day behind, learn from others, the more the better.

(12) Vocabulary about learning

Diligent, tireless, tireless reading, self-understanding.

Read widely, be tireless, never tire of learning, and persevere.

Diligence, concentration, concentration, sleepless nights.

Do your best, persevere and be down to earth.

(13) Other idioms

Have a picnic, travel day and night, go home with a full load and get what you want.

Listless, silent, staring, suddenly enlightened.

Five continents and four seas, world-famous, high-rise buildings, everything.

antonym

Tall? Short and fat? Thin and bright? Black and beautiful? ugly

Busy? Idle new? Old, cooked? Raw, cold? warm

Heavy? Light and heavy? Floating in? Did you come out? autumn

Is it sweet? It stinks, doesn't it? Not long? Short or old? Very few

Slow? Quick, wide? Narrow and strong? Weak and poor? Rich

Win? Defeat, expensive? Cheap, inside? External, evil? okay

Besides? Reduce and eliminate? Turbid, not expensive? Greedy? commit a crime

Positive? Part, award? Penalty, excellent? Not good, diligent? lazy

Become? Return or purchase? Sell it? Anti-love? dislike

Poverty? Rich, hungry and cold? Food and clothing, asking for it? be committed to

Sincerity? Hypocritical indifference? Enthusiasm and safety? danger

Complex? Simple and modest? Pride and enthusiasm? neutral

Honesty? Hypocrisy and arrogance? Modest and cowardly? brave

Ugly? Beautiful and stupid? smart

colour

Yellow: golden yellow, apricot yellow, orange yellow and goose yellow.

Red: fiery red, pink, orange, pink.

Green: light green, green, green, dark green.

Blue: sapphire, blue, blue, blue.

Exchange words with different meanings.

Cattle? Milk, pictures? Drawing design

Bees? Honey, toothbrush? Brush your teeth/teeth

On the mountain? On the mountain, in the swimming pool? Pond water

A tie? Lead and arrive? reach

Expansion? Follow through and like it? glad

Abacus? Calculation, good news? Announce good news

& gt& gt& gt sentence

1 duet

Clouds turn foggy, snow turns frosty, and wind turns drizzle.

Sunglow to sunset, flowers to grass, butterflies to bees.

Blue sky to the wild, flowers to the red, peaches to the plum.

Willow turns into poplar, mountain into water, and bird into flower.

2. Proverbs about weather

Dragonflies are flying low on the banks of rivers and lakes, and rain is coming.

The wild geese will be warm when they fly north, and the swallows will be cold when they return south.

One autumn rain and one cold, ten autumn rains need to wear cotton.

Stay indoors at sunrise and travel thousands of miles at sunset.

The sunset is carmine, no rain and no wind.

The stars are shining at night, and the sun is still shining in the Ming Dynasty.

There is a lot of dew tonight, and the sun will be red tomorrow.

The rainy mountain wears a hat, but the rainy mountain has no waist.

Long sunny fog perineum, long rainy fog will clear up.

3. Proverbs about help

Flowers need leaves to support and people need help.

The fragrance always stays in the hands of the roses.

People who help others can get help from others.

Sincerity can make stones cry, but truth can make dead trees sprout.

4. Proverbs about the scenery of the motherland

There is heaven above and Suzhou and Hangzhou below; Just as there is heaven in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.

Emei is beautiful in the world, Qingcheng is quiet in the world, the Three Gorges is beautiful in the world, and the sword gate is dangerous in the world.

Wuyue returned without looking at the mountains, and Huangshan returned without looking at the mountains.

Guilin is the best landscape in the world, and Yangshuo is the best landscape in the world.

5. Proverbs about thinking methods

The rope breaks at a fine point and the ice cracks at a fine point.

You can know the depth of the river and taste the sweetness and sourness of pears.

Don't look at the river as flat as a mirror, look at the water depth.

Pine trees can't grow in flowerpots, and eagles can't fly out of birdcages.

Day by day, not afraid of thousands of miles; Do it often, not afraid of a thousand things.

6. Proverbs about unity

With concerted efforts, people can move mountains and pour the sea; If we work together in Qi Xin, we can move mountains; When people work together, they can work miracles.

Many people have a wide range of strategies, and more firewood has a high flame.

A chopstick is easy to break, but a chopstick is hard to break.

Many trees make a forest, not afraid of the wind, and many ropes carry thousands of pounds.

A single flower is not spring, and a hundred flowers bloom in spring.

7. Couplets

Willow is green for thousands of miles, and spring breeze warms thousands of families.

Huang Ying sings green willows and Yan Zi cuts the spring breeze.

The spring breeze combs the willows boldly, and the night rain covers people and moistens flowers.

Spring breeze blows all the green in Qian Shan, and Southern Yan returns to spring.

Wusuo mountain, sky and level.

Green water is carefree because of the wind, and green hills are not old, which is a snow-white head.

Mountains and rivers in Xiu Xiu, sunny and rainy days are always wonderful.

The peaks are winding, the roads are winding, the trees are high and the trees are low.

A path of bamboo clouds all over the ground, half-curtain flowers shadow moon cage yarn. (Beijing Summer Palace Job Building)

Trees and mangroves are high and low, and smoke in autumn is light and far away. (Zhenwutang, Qingchengshan, Sichuan)

Lotus on four sides and willow on three sides, one city has mountains, and half the city has lakes. (Daming Lake, Jinan, Shandong)

The breeze and bright moon are priceless, and there is love near water and distant mountains. (Canglang Pavilion, Suzhou, Jiangsu)

8. Xie Houyu

Eight immortals crossing the sea? each shows his own prowess/skill

The Monkey King make havoc in heaven? be frightened out of one's wits

Han Xin ordered soldiers? The more the better.

Zhang Fei wears a needle? Usually careless

Bao Gong solved this case? impartial and incorruptible

Jiang Taigong went fishing? Those who want to take the bait.

Onion mixed with tofu? Absolutely clean

Onion pig nose? pretend

9. Famous sentences

Absorb the strengths of others to make up for/overcome their own shortcomings; Make up for your own shortcomings by learning from others' strengths; complement each other

Modesty makes people progress, while pride makes people lag behind.

Where there is a will, there is a way. (Han Shu)

Don't do small favors, don't do small evils. (Liu Bei

Diligence is good at diligence, barren is good at playing; What I did was thought, but it was destroyed. (Han Yu)

10, the motto of cherishing time

If a person doesn't work hard when he is young, he will regret when he is old ―― laziness when he is young will make him regret when he is old; Reckless youth makes regretful old age; Idle youth, poor old age

Flowers will reopen one day and people will no longer be young.

A day's plan lies in the morning, and a year's plan lies in the spring.

I don't know how to study hard early, but I regret learning late.

Time is money, but money is not time.

Once the youth is gone, it will never come again, and you will never see the arrival of the next day. It's time for people to encourage themselves when they reach middle age. Time goes by and waits for no one. (Tao Yuanming)

1 1. Poems describing scenery

The bright moon shed clear light from the cracks and cleared the fountain on the rocks. (Wang Wei)

The water waves in the river, the white feathers of waterfowl, the green and red flowers on the mountain are in contrast, and you want to burn. (Du Fu)

Jiangnan, the sound of green and red flowers, the waterside village in the foothills. (Du Mu)

There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay. (land travel)

There is water in the south and water in the north, and plums are everywhere behind the mountains and in front of the mountains. (Wang Anshi)

Towering mountains, towering trees, cuckoo singing in the depths of Qian Shan. (Wang Wei)

An egret flies over the quiet swamp, and mango birds sing in the trees in midsummer. (Wang Wei)

One or two chickens crow in the rain, and Zhuxicun Road leans against Banqiao. (Wang Jian)

Pierce the butterfly deeply, and the dragonfly flies leisurely with the water. (Du Fu)

At three or four o'clock on the pond, there are one or two orioles at the bottom of the leaves. (Yan Shu)

12, a poem describing friendship

After all, the world is just a small place. (Wang Bo)

The sea rises and the moon rises, and the horizon is * * * at this time. (Zhang Jiuling)

We met an old friend in another country after a long drought. (Wang Zhu)

You will know the pine and cypress when it is cold, and you will see the truth when it is difficult. (Anonymous)

Goose feathers are sent from afar, a trivial gift, but there is a heavy yearning behind it; What matters is not the gift, but the mind behind it. (criminal monarch and minister)

13, a poem describing the moon

When I was a child, I didn't know the moon, so I called it a white jade plate.

The moon is full of water, and Yun Qi is the Tianshan Mountains.

The dew turns to frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is bright!

Deep moonlit night in the canyon, blue sky in Jiang Jing.

14, famous saying

Knowledge is our wings to the sky.

Thinking can form a bridge and lead us to new knowledge.

Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.

The future of science can only belong to the diligent and modest young generation.

Cleverness lies in learning, and genius lies in accumulation. (Lenin)

Nothing is difficult for those who are willing to try. (Mao Zedong)

Study for the rise of China. (Zhou Enlai)

Any achievement is the result of hard work. (Soong Ching Ling)

Books are the ladder of human progress. (Gorky)

15, a famous saying of Confucius

Review the past and learn the new.

A threesome requires a teacher.

Isn't it a pleasant thing to persevere and work hard?

Say you know when you know, and say you don't know when you don't-that's knowledge.

& gt& gt& gt common sense

1, city flower

Beijing? Chinese rose

Luoyang? peony

Hong Kong (1 July 9971,Hong Kong's return to the motherland)? Bauhinia

Macau? lotus

Chengdu? Hibiscus flowers

Mianyang? Chinese rose

2. The famous parks in Beijing

Summer Palace, Yuanmingyuan, Temple of Heaven, Beihai, Jingshan, Xiangshan and so on. The Great Wall and the Forbidden City are world-famous ancient buildings, and the Great Hall of the People, the National Library, the China Millennium Monument and the Capital International Airport are famous modern buildings.

3. Composition of China

There are 56 ethnic groups in China, including Han, Tibetan, Hui, Zhuang, Dai, Bai and Mongolian. There are four municipalities directly under the central government, namely Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing, two special administrative regions, namely Hong Kong and Macao, and 28 provinces and autonomous regions, including Heilongjiang, Hebei, Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan and Taiwan Province.

Stamps are called "mini-encyclopedias"

The world's first stamp appeared in Britain on 1840. 1848 Archer in England invented the stamp punching machine. The earliest stamp in China was 1878 Dalong stamp issued by the Qing government.

5. solar term song

The spring rain shakes the spring and the valley days, and the summer is full of mountains and summers.

Frost is cold in early autumn and snow is cold in winter.

The rain in early spring stung the long summer.

Beginning of autumn is in summer, with cold dew, light snow and heavy snow in early winter.

Conclusion The vernal equinox is clear and the summer solstice is mild in Grain Rain.

The summer solstice of the solstice and the dew of the first frost)

6. Famous paintings by famous artists

In the Tang Dynasty, Dai Song liked to draw cows. His Three Cows and Back to the Ranch are two famous paintings. In modern China, Qi Baishi likes to draw shrimps, Xu Beihong likes to draw horses and Li Kuchan likes to draw eagles.

7. Famous fairy tales

Andersen is a famous Danish fairy tale writer. The Little Match Girl, The Emperor's New Clothes, The Daughter of the Sea, The Ugly Duckling and Thumbelina are all his representative works. Grimm's fairy tales are collected by the German Grimm brothers, among which Cinderella, Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White and the brave little tailor are all famous works. There are also English Wilde's fairy tales, German Hogg's fairy tales, China Ye Shengtao's fairy tales and Zhang Tianyi's fairy tales, all of which are very famous.

8. Seismograph

The seismograph invented by Zhang Heng is the first instrument in the world to determine the direction of earthquakes.

9. four great inventions of ancient china

Papermaking, printing, gunpowder, compass.

Modern scientists in China, Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian, worked with other scientists to tackle key problems, developed atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, and sent satellites into the sky.

10, Li Siguang

Li Siguang is a famous geologist in China. According to his research results, China successively discovered several major oilfields, such as Daqing Oilfield, Shengli Oilfield and Huabei Oilfield, and removed the label of "China is poor in oil".

1 1, Soong Ching Ling

She used to be the vice president and honorary president of People's Republic of China (PRC), and was regarded as one of the greatest women in the 20th century by her grandparents at home. Childhood magazine was founded under her concern. In order to commemorate her, 1982 May, Soong Ching Ling Foundation was established in China.

12, Confucius

Confucius, named Zhong Ni, lived in the Spring and Autumn Period and was a great thinker and educator in China. It is said that there are 3000 disciples, 72 of whom are very famous. His disciples recorded his words and deeds and compiled The Analects.

Zhao Zhouqiao 13

Zhao Zhouqiao, also known as Anji Bridge, was designed and built by Li Chun, a stonemason in Sui Dynasty, with a history of 1300 years. The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival was written by Zhang Zeduan in Northern Song Dynasty, and it has been more than 800 years since then.

14, Zodiac Killer

Rats, ugly cows, silver tigers, hairy rabbits, dragons, snakes, afternoon horses, sheep, monkeys, chickens, dogs and porcupines.

15 Christmas